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Research Article

The effects of supplementation with P-Synephrine alone and in combination with caffeine on resistance exercise performance

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Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (6)

Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín, Gabriel Baltazar-Martins, Iván Rodríguez, Beatriz Lara, Carlos Ruiz-Moreno, Millán Aguilar-Navarro & Juan Del Coso. (2021) p-Synephrine, the main protoalkaloid of Citrus aurantium, raises fat oxidation during exercise in elite cyclists. European Journal of Sport Science 21:9, pages 1273-1282.
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Sidney J Stohs & Nicholas A Ratamess. (2017) Effects of p-synephrine in combination with caffeine: a review. Nutrition and Dietary Supplements 9, pages 87-96.
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Gilbert R Kaats, Robert B Leckie, Nate Mrvichin & Sidney J Stohs. (2017) Increased eating control and energy levels associated with consumption of bitter orange (p-synephrine) extract: a randomized placebo-controlled study. Nutrition and Dietary Supplements 9, pages 29-35.
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Y. Peter Jung, Conrad P. Earnest, Majid Koozehchian, Elfego Galvan, Ryan Dalton, Dillon Walker, Christopher Rasmussen, Peter S. Murano, Mike Greenwood & Richard B. Kreider. (2017) Effects of acute ingestion of a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without p-synephrine on resting energy expenditure, cognitive function and exercise performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 14:1.
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Y. Peter Jung, Conrad P. Earnest, Majid Koozehchian, Minye Cho, Nick Barringer, Dillon Walker, Christopher Rasmussen, Mike Greenwood, Peter S. Murano & Richard B. Kreider. (2017) Effects of ingesting a pre-workout dietary supplement with and without synephrine for 8 weeks on training adaptations in resistance-trained males. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 14:1.
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Nicholas A. Ratamess, Jill A. Bush, Jie Kang, William J. Kraemer, Sidney J. Stohs, Vincenzo G. Nocera, Megan D. Leise, Keith B. Diamond, Sara C. Campbell, Howard B. Miller & Avery D. Faigenbaum. (2016) The Effects of Supplementation with p-Synephrine Alone and in Combination with Caffeine on Metabolic, Lipolytic, and Cardiovascular Responses during Resistance Exercise. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 35:8, pages 657-669.
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Articles from other publishers (21)

Verónica Giráldez-Costas, Juan Del Coso, Asier Mañas & Juan José Salinero. (2023) The Long Way to Establish the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine on Strength Performance: An Overview Review. Nutrients 15:5, pages 1178.
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Momoko Ishida, Chihiro Takekuni, Kosuke Nishi & Takuya Sugahara. (2022) p -Synephrine suppresses inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and alleviates systemic inflammatory response syndrome in mice . Food & Function 13:9, pages 5229-5239.
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Cherilyn N. McLester, Paul Bailey, Emily E. Bechke, Cassie M. Williamson, John R. McLester & Brian Kliszczewicz. (2021) The Effects of Caffeine and Citrus Aurantium on Performance During Repeated Maximal Anaerobic Exercise Bouts in Habitual Caffeine Users. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 35:12, pages 3394-3399.
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Mohamed Z. Gad, Samar S. Azab, Amira R. Khattab & Mohamed A. Farag. (2021) Over a century since ephedrine discovery: an updated revisit to its pharmacological aspects, functionality and toxicity in comparison to its herbal extracts. Food & Function 12:20, pages 9563-9582.
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Tainá Keiller Leão, Diego Luís Ribeiro, Ana Rita Thomazela Machado, Tássia Rafaela Costa, Suely Vilela Sampaio & Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes. (2021) Synephrine and caffeine combination promotes cytotoxicity, DNA damage and transcriptional modulation of apoptosis-related genes in human HepG2 cells. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 868-869, pages 503375.
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Carlos Ruiz-Moreno, Juan Del Coso, Verónica Giráldez-Costas, Jaime González-García & Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín. (2021) Effects of p-Synephrine during Exercise: A Brief Narrative Review. Nutrients 13:1, pages 233.
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Nevriye A. YesilNevriye A. Yesil. 2021. Drogen haben kurze Beine. Drogen haben kurze Beine 29 69 .
Li‐Xia Guo, Gang Chen, Zhong‐Yi Yin, Yong‐Hong Zhang & Xu‐Xu Zheng. (2019) p ‐Synephrine exhibits anti‐adipogenic activity by activating the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes . Journal of Food Biochemistry 43:11.
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Diego Luís Ribeiro, Ana Rita Thomazela Machado, Carla da Silva Machado, Patrick Wellington da Silva Santos, Alexandre Ferro Aissa, Gustavo Rafael Mazzaron Barcelos & Lusânia Maria Greggi Antunes. (2019) Analysis of the cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, and pro-oxidant effect of synephrine, a component of thermogenic supplements, in human hepatic cells in vitro. Toxicology 422, pages 25-34.
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Irène Margaritis. 2019. Nutrition and Skeletal Muscle. Nutrition and Skeletal Muscle 151 182 .
JORGE GUTIÉRREZ-HELLÍN & JUAN DEL COSO. (2018) Effects of p-Synephrine and Caffeine Ingestion on Substrate Oxidation during Exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 50:9, pages 1899-1906.
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Jill A. Bush, Nicholas A. Ratamess, Sidney J. Stohs, Nicole L. Ellis, Ira T. Vought, Elizabeth A. O'Grady, Jeremy D. Kuper, Jie Kang & Avery D. Faigenbaum. (2018) Acute hematological and mood perception effects of bitter orange extract ( p- synephrine) consumed alone and in combination with caffeine: A placebo-controlled, double-blind study . Phytotherapy Research 32:8, pages 1593-1607.
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Mohd Shara, Sidney J. Stohs & Mahmoud M. Smadi. (2018) Safety evaluation of p -synephrine following 15 days of oral administration to healthy subjects: A clinical study . Phytotherapy Research 32:1, pages 125-131.
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Nicholas A. Ratamess, Jill A. Bush, Sidney J. Stohs, Nicole L. Ellis, Ira T. Vought, Elizabeth A. O'Grady, Jeremy D. Kuper, Saif B. Hasan, Jie Kang & Avery D. Faigenbaum. (2018) Acute cardiovascular effects of bitter orange extract ( p-s ynephrine) consumed alone and in combination with caffeine in human subjects: A placebo-controlled, double-blind study . Phytotherapy Research 32:1, pages 94-102.
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Marcos Rodrigues Maldonado, Lívia Bracht, Anacharis Babeto de Sá-Nakanishi, Rúbia Carvalho Gomes Corrêa, Jurandir Fernando Comar, Rosane Marina Peralta & Adelar Bracht. (2018) Actions of p -synephrine on hepatic enzyme activities linked to carbohydrate metabolism and ATP levels in vivo and in the perfused rat liver . Cell Biochemistry and Function 36:1, pages 4-12.
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N.S. Deshmukh, S.J. Stohs, C.C. Magar & S.B. Kadam. (2017) Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) extract: Safety assessment by acute and 14-day oral toxicity studies in rats and the Ames Test for mutagenicity. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 90, pages 318-327.
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Sidney J. Stohs. (2017) Safety, Efficacy, and Mechanistic Studies Regarding Citrus aurantium (Bitter Orange) Extract and p -Synephrine . Phytotherapy Research 31:10, pages 1463-1474.
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Marijana Zovko Končić. 2017. Sustained Energy for Enhanced Human Functions and Activity. Sustained Energy for Enhanced Human Functions and Activity 119 135 .
Jorge Gutiérrez-Hellín & Juan Del Coso. (2016) Acute p-synephrine ingestion increases fat oxidation rate during exercise. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 82:2, pages 362-368.
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Sidney J. Stohs & Vladimir Badmaev. (2016) A Review of Natural Stimulant and Non‐stimulant Thermogenic Agents. Phytotherapy Research 30:5, pages 732-740.
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Juliany Fontoura da Silva-Pereira, Gisele Adriana Bubna, Geferson de Almeida Gonçalves, Fabrício Bracht, Rosane Marina Peralta & Adelar Bracht. (2016) Fast hepatic biotransformation of p-synephrine and p-octopamine and implications for their oral intake. Food & Function 7:3, pages 1483-1491.
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