Advanced search
Publication Cover
Media Psychology Volume 7, 2005 - Issue 2
Submit an article Journal homepage
2,484
Views
85
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Enjoyment of Mediated Fright and Violence: A Meta-Analysis

Cynthia A. Hoffner
&
Kenneth J. Levine
Pages 207-237 | Published online: 17 Nov 2009

Citations (85)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Subscribe to citation updates

Read on this site (25)

Azmat Rasul & Donghee Shin. (2022) Morality, Technology, and Enjoyment: Meta Analyzing the Enjoyment of Mediated Violence. Atlantic Journal of Communication 30:4, pages 337-353.
Read now
Karyn Riddle, Xining Liao & Matt Minich. (2022) Media Enjoyment: A Synthesis. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 66:4, pages 592-622.
Read now
Karin M. Fikkers & Jessica Taylor Piotrowski. (2020) Content and person effects in media research: Studying differences in cognitive, emotional, and arousal responses to media content. Media Psychology 23:4, pages 493-520.
Read now
Robert S. Bristow & Ian S. Jenkins. (2020) Geography of fear: fright tourism in urban revitalization. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events 12:2, pages 262-275.
Read now
Kate Hunt. (2019) Zombies, Gender, and Student Active Learning. Journal of Political Science Education 15:1, pages 49-63.
Read now
Benjamin K. Johnson & Judith E. Rosenbaum. (2018) (Don’t) Tell Me How It Ends: Spoilers, Enjoyment, and Involvement in Television and Film. Media Psychology 21:4, pages 582-612.
Read now
Stephen A. Rains, Timothy R. Levine & Rene Weber. (2018) Sixty years of quantitative communication research summarized: lessons from 149 meta-analyses. Annals of the International Communication Association 42:2, pages 105-124.
Read now
Carolyn A. Lin & Zhan Xu. (2017) Watching TV Series with Horror Content: Audience Attributes, Motivations, Involvement and Enjoyment. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 61:4, pages 638-657.
Read now
Helen G. M. Vossen, Jessica T. Piotrowski & Patti M. Valkenburg. (2017) The Longitudinal Relationship Between Media Violence and Empathy: Was It Sympathy All Along?. Media Psychology 20:2, pages 175-193.
Read now
Jolien Vangeel, Kathleen Beullens, Leentje Vervoort, Nathalie De Cock, Wendy Van Lippevelde, Lien Goossens & Steven Eggermont. (2017) The Role Behavioral of Activation and Inhibition in Explaining Adolescents’ Game Use and Game Engagement Levels. Media Psychology 20:1, pages 116-143.
Read now
Lelia Samson & Robert F. Potter. (2016) Empathizing and Systemizing (Un)justified Mediated Violence: Psychophysiological Indicators of Emotional Response. Media Psychology 19:1, pages 156-180.
Read now
Teresa Lynch & Nicole Martins. (2015) Nothing to Fear? An Analysis of College Students' Fear Experiences With Video Games. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 59:2, pages 298-317.
Read now
Hooman Estelami & Nicholas n. Estelami. (2015) The Impact of Violent Content on Pricing of Media Products. Journal of Promotion Management 21:2, pages 246-266.
Read now
Amy Sides Schultz, Julia Moore & BrianH. Spitzberg. (2014) Once Upon a Midnight Stalker: A Content Analysis of Stalking in Films. Western Journal of Communication 78:5, pages 612-635.
Read now
RachelL. Bailey, JuliaR. Fox & Maria Elizabeth Grabe. (2013) The Influence of Message and Audience Characteristics on TV News Grazing Behavior. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 57:3, pages 318-337.
Read now
René Weber & Lucy Popova. (2012) Testing Equivalence in Communication Research: Theory and Application. Communication Methods and Measures 6:3, pages 190-213.
Read now
Anne Bartsch. (2012) Emotional Gratification in Entertainment Experience. Why Viewers of Movies and Television Series Find it Rewarding to Experience Emotions. Media Psychology 15:3, pages 267-302.
Read now
Chingching Chang. (2012) Is that website for me?. International Journal of Advertising 31:4, pages 835-860.
Read now
AndrewJ. Weaver. (2011) A Meta-Analytical Review of Selective Exposure to and the Enjoyment of Media Violence. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 55:2, pages 232-250.
Read now
Laurence Ashworth, Martin Pyle & Ethan Pancer. (2010) The Role of Dominance in the Appeal of Violent Media Depictions. Journal of Advertising 39:4, pages 121-134.
Read now
Cynthia Hoffner. (2009) Affective Responses and Exposure to Frightening Films: The Role of Empathy and Different Types of Content. Communication Research Reports 26:4, pages 285-296.
Read now
CynthiaA. Hoffner, Yuki Fujioka, Jiali Ye & AmalG. S. Ibrahim. (2009) Why We Watch: Factors Affecting Exposure to Tragic Television News. Mass Communication and Society 12:2, pages 193-216.
Read now
Marie-Louise Mares, Mary Beth Oliver & Joanne Cantor. (2008) Age Differences in Adults' Emotional Motivations for Exposure to Films. Media Psychology 11:4, pages 488-511.
Read now
Philipe Bensimon. (2007) The Role of Pornography in Sexual Offending. Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity 14:2, pages 95-117.
Read now
Keren Eyal, Miriam J. Metzger, Ryan W. Lingsweiler, Chad Mahood & Mike Z. Yao. (2006) Aggressive Political Opinions and Exposure to Violent Media. Mass Communication and Society 9:4, pages 399-428.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (60)

Timothy Jung, Justin Cho, Dai-In Danny Han, Sun Joo (Grace) Ahn, Mansi Gupta, Gopal Das, Cindy Yoonjoung Heo, Sandra Maria Correia Loureiro, Marianna Sigala, Mariapina Trunfio, Alexandra Taylor & M. Claudia tom Dieck. (2024) Metaverse for service industries: Future applications, opportunities, challenges and research directions. Computers in Human Behavior 151, pages 108039.
Crossref
Mingyue Zhang, Jiang Qian & Jiaqi Cao. (2023) How Video Cover Images Influence Pre-Roll Advertisement Clicks. Journal of Advertising Research, pages 2023-024.
Crossref
T. Bettina Cornwell, Ravi Pappu & Eric Setten. (2023) Sport consumers: perceiving and enjoying danger in American football. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship.
Crossref
Tetiana Krysanova. (2023) Psycholinguistic and cognitive-semiotic dimensions of constructing fear in horror films: A multimodal perspective. East European Journal of Psycholinguistics.
Crossref
Pedro D. Manrique, Frank Yingjie Huo, Sara El Oud, Minzhang Zheng, Lucia Illari & Neil F. Johnson. (2023) Shockwavelike Behavior across Social Media. Physical Review Letters 130:23.
Crossref
K.- D. Gomes. (2023) Paradox of negative emotions in art: analysis of theoretical and empirical studies. Siberian Journal of Philosophy 20:3, pages 43-56.
Crossref
Coltan Scrivner, Marc Malmdorf Andersen, Uffe Schjødt & Mathias Clasen. (2023) The Psychological Benefits of Scary Play in Three Types of Horror Fans. Journal of Media Psychology 35:2, pages 87-98.
Crossref
András Bálint Kovács. (2022) A félelem élvezete. nCOGNITO - Kognitív Kultúraelméleti Közlemények 1:1, pages 5-19.
Crossref
Aruni Ghosh & Madhurima Deb. (2022) Universal emotional arc structure in advertisements and their favorability. European Journal of Marketing 56:4, pages 1232-1267.
Crossref
Jeroen S. Lemmens, Monika Simon & Sindy R. Sumter. (2021) Fear and loathing in VR: the emotional and physiological effects of immersive games. Virtual Reality 26:1, pages 223-234.
Crossref
Sony Jalarajan Raj & Adith K. Suresh. 2022. The Palgrave Handbook of Violence in Film and Media. The Palgrave Handbook of Violence in Film and Media 169 186 .
Becky Millar & Jonny Lee. (2021) Horror Films and Grief. Emotion Review 13:3, pages 171-182.
Crossref
Kseniia Konkina. (2021) A Form of TV News as Factor of Achieving Validity Effect. Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 10:1, pages 206-217.
Crossref
Marc Malmdorf Andersen, Uffe Schjoedt, Henry Price, Fernando E. Rosas, Coltan Scrivner & Mathias Clasen. (2020) Playing With Fear: A Field Study in Recreational Horror. Psychological Science 31:12, pages 1497-1510.
Crossref
Anthony Palomba. (2020) Consumer personality and lifestyles at the box office and beyond: How demographics, lifestyles and personalities predict movie consumption. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 55, pages 102083.
Crossref
Jens Kjeldgaard-Christiansen. 2020. Evolutionary Perspectives on Imaginative Culture. Evolutionary Perspectives on Imaginative Culture 235 253 .
G. Neil Martin. (2019) (Why) Do You Like Scary Movies? A Review of the Empirical Research on Psychological Responses to Horror Films. Frontiers in Psychology 10.
Crossref
Julie B. WiestJack Levin. (2019) Effects of Gender and Age on U.S. Adults' Interest in Cinematic Serial Murder. Violence and Gender 6:3, pages 168-174.
Crossref
Ulrich W. D. Müller, Cilia L. M. Witteman, Jan Spijker & Georg W. Alpers. (2019) All’s Bad That Ends Bad: There Is a Peak-End Memory Bias in Anxiety. Frontiers in Psychology 10.
Crossref
Mathias Clasen, Marc Andersen & Uffe Schjoedt. (2019) Adrenaline junkies and white-knucklers: A quantitative study of fear management in haunted house visitors. Poetics 73, pages 61-71.
Crossref
Marina Krcmar & Allison Eden. (2019) Rational Versus Intuitive Processing. Journal of Media Psychology 31:1, pages 2-11.
Crossref
Max Sebastian Zettl, Corinne Bock, Petra Buderus, Anne-Sophie Pereira, Katya Gonçalves & Eva Elisabeth Münch. 2019. Amok an Schulen. Amok an Schulen 29 112 .
Jih-Hsuan Tammy Lin, Dai-Yun Wu & Chen-Chao Tao. (2017) So scary, yet so fun: The role of self-efficacy in enjoyment of a virtual reality horror game. New Media & Society 20:9, pages 3223-3242.
Crossref
Sara B. Chadwick, Jessica C. Raisanen, Katherine L. Goldey & Sari van Anders. (2018) Strategizing to Make Pornography Worthwhile: A Qualitative Exploration of Women’s Agentic Engagement with Sexual Media. Archives of Sexual Behavior 47:6, pages 1853-1868.
Crossref
Jacqueline M. Thompson, Ben Teasdale, Sophie Duncan, Evert van Emde Boas, Felix Budelmann, Laurie Maguire & Robin I. M. Dunbar. (2018) Individual Differences in Transportation into Narrative Drama. Review of General Psychology 22:2, pages 210-219.
Crossref
Aaron Meskin, Jon Robson, Anna Ichino, Kris Goffin & Annelies Monseré. (2017) Philosophical aesthetics and cognitive science. WIREs Cognitive Science 9:1.
Crossref
Suzanne Oosterwijk. (2017) Choosing the negative: A behavioral demonstration of morbid curiosity. PLOS ONE 12:7, pages e0178399.
Crossref
Jih-Hsuan Tammy Lin. (2017) Fear in virtual reality (VR): Fear elements, coping reactions, immediate and next-day fright responses toward a survival horror zombie virtual reality game. Computers in Human Behavior 72, pages 350-361.
Crossref
A.H. den Hamer, E.A. Konijn, X.S. Plaisier, M.G. Keijer, L.C. Krabbendam & B.J. Bushman. (2017) The Content-based Media Exposure Scale (C-ME): Development and Validation. Computers in Human Behavior 72, pages 549-557.
Crossref
Sabrina Muller, Onur Atan, Mihaela van der Schaar & Anja Klein. (2017) Context-Aware Proactive Content Caching With Service Differentiation in Wireless Networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 16:2, pages 1024-1036.
Crossref
Maria Kraxenberger & Winfried Menninghaus. (2017) Affinity for Poetry and Aesthetic Appreciation of Joyful and Sad Poems. Frontiers in Psychology 7.
Crossref
Andreas Baranowski & Heiko Hecht. (2017) One Hundred Years of Photoplay: Hugo Münsterberg's Lasting Contribution to Cognitive Movie Psychology. Projections 11:2, pages 1-21.
Crossref
Winfried Menninghaus, Valentin Wagner, Julian Hanich, Eugen Wassiliwizky, Thomas Jacobsen & Stefan Koelsch. (2017) The Distancing-Embracing model of the enjoyment of negative emotions in art reception. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 40.
Crossref
G. Stucki & M. Squillaci. (2016) Jeux vidéo violents : leur impact sur la désensibilisation émotionnelle des jeunes. European Review of Applied Psychology 66:5, pages 251-260.
Crossref
Tilo Hartmann, Ingrid Möller & Christina Krause. (2014) Factors underlying male and female use of violent video games. New Media & Society 17:11, pages 1777-1794.
Crossref
Michael P. Grosz, Michael Dufner, Mitja D. Back & Jaap J.A. Denissen. (2015) Who is open to a narcissistic romantic partner? The roles of sensation seeking, trait anxiety, and similarity. Journal of Research in Personality 58, pages 84-95.
Crossref
Azmat Rasul. (2015) Violently Entertained: A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Mediated Violence on Enjoyment. Journal of Creative Communications 10:1, pages 1-20.
Crossref
Corinna Oschatz. 2015. Verkehrssicherheitskommunikation. Verkehrssicherheitskommunikation 221 238 .
Anne Bartsch & Marie-Louise Mares. (2014) Making Sense of Violence: Perceived Meaningfulness as a Predictor of Audience Interest in Violent Media Content. Journal of Communication 64:5, pages 956-976.
Crossref
Jinhee Kim, Mihye Seo, HongSik Yu & Kimberly Neuendorf. (2014) Cultural Differences in Preference for Entertainment Messages That Induce Mixed Responses of Joy and Sorrow. Human Communication Research 40:4, pages 530-552.
Crossref
Karyn Riddle. (2014) A Theory of Vivid Media Violence. Communication Theory 24:3, pages 291-310.
Crossref
Merle Parmak, Jacques J. C. Mylle & Martin C. Euwema. (2013) Personality and the perception of situation structure in a military environment: seeking sensation versus structure as a soldier. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 43:5, pages 1040-1049.
Crossref
Gerd Lehmkuhl & Jan Frölich. (2013) Neue Medien und ihre Folgen für Kinder und Jugendliche. Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie 41:2, pages 83-86.
Crossref
Tilo Hartmann. 2012. The International Encyclopedia of Media Studies. The International Encyclopedia of Media Studies.
Anne Bartsch. (2012) As Time Goes By: What Changes and What Remains the Same in Entertainment Experience Over the Life Span?. Journal of Communication 62:4, pages 588-608.
Crossref
Mathias Clasen. (2012) Monsters Evolve: A Biocultural Approach to Horror Stories. Review of General Psychology 16:2, pages 222-229.
Crossref
Andrew J. Weaver & Matthew J. Kobach. (2012) The Relationship Between Selective Exposure and the Enjoyment of Television Violence. Aggressive Behavior 38:2, pages 175-184.
Crossref
J. C. Wood. (2010) A Change of Perspective: Integrating Evolutionary Psychology into the Historiography of Violence. British Journal of Criminology 51:3, pages 479-498.
Crossref
Barbara Krahé, Ingrid Möller, Anja Berger & Juliane Felber. (2011) Repression Versus Sensitization in Response to Media Violence as Predictors of Cognitive Avoidance and Vigilance. Journal of Personality 79:1, pages 165-190.
Crossref
Arvid Kappas. (2011) Emotion and Regulation are One!. Emotion Review 3:1, pages 17-25.
Crossref
Alice E. Hall & Cheryl C. Bracken. (2011) “I Really Liked That Movie”. Journal of Media Psychology 23:2, pages 90-99.
Crossref
Deborah Jordan Brooks. (2010) A Negativity Gap? Voter Gender, Attack Politics, and Participation in American Elections. Politics & Gender 6:03, pages 319-341.
Crossref
Marie-Louise Mares & Ye Sun. (2010) The Multiple Meanings of Age for Television Content Preferences. Human Communication Research 36:3, pages 372-396.
Crossref
Cheryl K. Olson. (2010) Children's Motivations for Video Game Play in the Context of Normal Development. Review of General Psychology 14:2, pages 180-187.
Crossref
Anne Bartsch, Markus Appel & Dennis Storch. (2010) Predicting Emotions and Meta-Emotions at the Movies: The Role of the Need for Affect in Audiences’ Experience of Horror and Drama. Communication Research 37:2, pages 167-190.
Crossref
Jan Frölich, Gerd Lehmkuhl & Manfred Döpfner. (2009) Computerspiele im Kindes- und Jugendalter unter besonderer Betrachtung von Suchtverhalten, ADHS und Aggressivität. Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie 37:5, pages 393-404.
Crossref
Wei PengMing LiuYi Mou. (2008) Do Aggressive People Play Violent Computer Games in a More Aggressive Way? Individual Difference and Idiosyncratic Game-Playing Experience. CyberPsychology & Behavior 11:2, pages 157-161.
Crossref
Smita C. Banerjee, Kathryn Greene, Marina Krcmar, Zhanna Bagdasarov & Dovile Ruginyte. (2008) The Role of Gender and Sensation Seeking in Film Choice. Journal of Media Psychology 20:3, pages 97-105.
Crossref
Kati Weiß, Melanie Krug & Monika Suckfüll. (2007) Zur Rezeption Angst auslösender Spielfilme. Zeitschrift für Medienpsychologie 19:4, pages 152-159.
Crossref
Cees M. Koolstra. (2016) Source Confusion as an Explanation of Cultivation: A Test of the Mechanisms Underlying Confusion of Fiction with Reality on Television. Perceptual and Motor Skills 104:1, pages 102-110.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Order Reprints Request Corporate Permissions

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

Request Academic Permissions

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.