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Original Articles

Assessment of Psychological Distress in Persian Gulf Troops: Ethnicity and Gender Comparisons

Pages 415-427 | Published online: 10 Jun 2010

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (4)

Rachel Dekel, Zahava Solomon, Karni Ginzburg & Yuval Neria. (2004) Long-term adjustment among Israeli war veterans: the role of attachment style. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 17:2, pages 141-152.
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Cheryl Koopman, Kent Drescher, Stephen Bowles, Fred Gusman, Dudley Blake, Harvey Dondershine, Vickie Chang, LisaD. Butler & David Spiegel. (2001) Acute Dissociative Reactions in Veterans with PTSD. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation 2:1, pages 91-111.
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Deborah Ann Berberich. (1998) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Psychotherapy in Private Practice 17:2, pages 29-41.
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MonicaC. Sillanpaa, LynneM. Agar, I. Boaz Milner, EdwardC. Podany, BradleyN. Axelrod & GregoryG. Brown. (1997) Gulf war veterans: A neuropsychological examination. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 19:2, pages 211-219.
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Articles from other publishers (37)

Nandan Shastry, Esha Sultana, Mary Jeffrey, Fanny Collado, Jeffrey Kibler, Christian DeLucia, Mary Ann Fletcher, Nancy Klimas & Travis J. A. Craddock. (2022) The impact of post-traumatic stress on quality of life and fatigue in women with Gulf War Illness. BMC Psychology 10:1.
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Suzanna M. Koster, Hans M. Koot, Jamil A. Malik & Marit Sijbrandij. (2022) Associations among traumatic experiences, threat exposure, and mental health in Pakistani journalists. Journal of Traumatic Stress 35:2, pages 581-592.
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Rebecca Rhead, Deirdre MacManus, Margaret Jones, Neil Greenberg, Nicola T Fear & Laura Goodwin. (2020) Mental health disorders and alcohol misuse among UK military veterans and the general population: a comparison study. Psychological Medicine 52:2, pages 292-302.
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Mary Jeffrey, Fanny Collado, Jeffrey Kibler, Christian DeLucia, Steven Messer, Nancy Klimas & Travis J. A. Craddock. (2021) Post-traumatic stress impact on health outcomes in Gulf War Illness. BMC Psychology 9:1.
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Martin Bøg, Trine Filges & Anne Marie Klint Jørgensen. (2018) Deployment of personnel to military operations: impact on mental health and social functioning. Campbell Systematic Reviews 14:1, pages 1-127.
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Mary A. Driscoll, Diana M. Higgins, Elizabeth K. Seng, Eugenia Buta, Joseph L. Goulet, Alicia A. Heapy, Robert D. Kerns, Cynthia A. Brandt & Sally G. Haskell. (2015) Trauma, Social Support, Family Conflict, and Chronic Pain in Recent Service Veterans: Does Gender Matter?. Pain Medicine 16:6, pages 1101-1111.
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J. D. Blore, M. R. Sim, A. B. Forbes, M. C. Creamer & H. L. Kelsall. (2015) Depression in Gulf War veterans: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine 45:8, pages 1565-1580.
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Davor Zink, Bern Lee & Daniel Allen. 2015. Guide to Psychological Assessment with African Americans. Guide to Psychological Assessment with African Americans 19 42 .
Marina Bar-Shai & Ehud Klein. 2015. Future Directions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Future Directions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 3 30 .
Kathryn Corson, Lauren M. Denneson, Matthew J. Bair, Drew A. Helmer, Joseph L. Goulet & Steven K. Dobscha. (2013) Prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation among Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans. Journal of Affective Disorders 149:1-3, pages 291-298.
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Ortal Slobodin, Yael Caspi, Ehud Klein, Barry D. Berger & Stevan E. Hobfoll. (2011) Resource loss and posttraumatic responses in Bedouin members of the Israeli Defense Forces. Journal of Traumatic Stress 24:1, pages 54-60.
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Rosemarie M. Bowler, Hui Han, Vihra Gocheva, Sanae Nakagawa, Howard Alper, Laura DiGrande & James E. Cone. (2010) Gender differences in probable posttraumatic stress disorder among police responders to the 2001 World Trade Center terrorist attack. American Journal of Industrial Medicine 53:12, pages 1186-1196.
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David S. Plurad, Thomas Lustenberger, Patrick Kilday, Jay Zhu, Donald J. Green, Kenji Inaba, Peep Talving, Howard Belzberg & Demetrios Demetriades. (2010) The Association of Race and Survival from Sepsis after Injury. The American Surgeon 76:1, pages 43-47.
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Amy E. Street, Dawne Vogt & Lissa Dutra. (2009) A new generation of women veterans: Stressors faced by women deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. Clinical Psychology Review 29:8, pages 685-694.
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Michelle M. Lilly, Nnamdi Pole, Suzanne R. Best, Thomas Metzler & Charles R. Marmar. (2009) Gender and PTSD: What can we learn from female police officers?. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 23:6, pages 767-774.
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Jennifer Johnson, Andrea Maxwell & Sandro Galea. (2009) The Epidemiology of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Psychiatric Annals 39:6.
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Heidi A. J. La BashDawne S. Vogt, Lynda A. King & Daniel W. King. (2008) Deployment Stressors of the Iraq War. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 24:2, pages 231-258.
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Fawziyah A. Al-Turkait & Jude U. Ohaeri. (2008) Prevalence and correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder among Kuwaiti military men according to level of involvement in the first Gulf War. Depression and Anxiety 25:11, pages 932-941.
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Jeanne Mager Stellman, Rebecca P. Smith, Craig L. Katz, Vansh Sharma, Dennis S. Charney, Robin Herbert, Jacqueline Moline, Benjamin J. Luft, Steven Markowitz, Iris Udasin, Denise Harrison, Sherry Baron, Philip J. Landrigan, Stephen M. Levin & Steven Southwick. (2008) Enduring Mental Health Morbidity and Social Function Impairment in World Trade Center Rescue, Recovery, and Cleanup Workers: The Psychological Dimension of an Environmental Health Disaster. Environmental Health Perspectives 116:9, pages 1248-1253.
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Yael Caspi, Ortal Saroff, Najla Suleimani & Ehud Klein. (2008) Trauma exposure and posttraumatic reactions in a community sample of Bedouin members of the Israel Defense Forces. Depression and Anxiety 25:8, pages 700-707.
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A. C. Iversen, N. T. Fear, A. Ehlers, J. Hacker Hughes, L. Hull, M. Earnshaw, N. Greenberg, R. Rona, S. Wessely & M. Hotopf. (2008) Risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder among UK Armed Forces personnel. Psychological Medicine 38:4, pages 511-522.
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Nnamdi Pole, Joseph P. Gone & Madhur Kulkarni. (2008) Posttraumatic stress disorder among ethnoracial minorities in the United States.. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 15:1, pages 35-61.
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J. Robert Ursano, S. Carol Fullerton, Lars Weisaeth & Beverley Raphael. 2009. Textbook of Disaster Psychiatry. Textbook of Disaster Psychiatry 3 26 .
Yael Caspi, Eve B. Carlson & Ehud Klein. (2007) Validation of a screening instrument for posttraumatic stress disorder in a community sample of Bedouin men serving in the Israeli Defense Forces. Journal of Traumatic Stress 20:4, pages 517-527.
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Tanya N. Alim, Dennis S. Charney & Thomas A. Mellman. (2006) An overview of posttraumatic stress disorder in African Americans. Journal of Clinical Psychology 62:7, pages 801-813.
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Dawne S. Vogt, Anica P. Pless, Lynda A. King & Daniel W. King. (2005) Deployment stressors, gender, and mental health outcomes among Gulf War I veterans. Journal of Traumatic Stress 18:2, pages 115-127.
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Uzi Ben Shalom & Gabriel Horenczyk. (2004) Cultural identity and adaptation in an assimilative setting: Immigrant soldiers from the former Soviet Union in Israel. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 28:6, pages 461-479.
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Karin E. Thompson, Jennifer J. Vasterling, Eric G. Benotsch, Kevin Brailey, Joseph Constans, Madeline Uddo & Patricia B. Sutker. (2004) Early Symptom Predictors of Chronic Distress in Gulf War Veterans. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease 192:2, pages 146-152.
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Sara A. Freedman, Natali Gluck, Rivka Tuval‐Mashiach, Dalia Brandes, Tuvia Peri & Arieh Y. Shalev. (2005) Gender differences in responses to traumatic events: A prospective study. Journal of Traumatic Stress 15:5, pages 407-413.
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Ralph D. Richardson, Charles C. EngelJr.,Jr.,, Stephen C. Hunt, Katherine McKnight & Miles McFall. (2002) Are Veterans Seeking Veterans Affairs’ Primary Care as Healthy as Those Seeking Department of Defense Primary Care? A Look at Gulf War Veterans’ Symptoms and Functional Status. Psychosomatic Medicine 64:4, pages 676-683.
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NNAMDI POLE, SUZANNE R. BEST, DANIEL S. WEISS, THOMAS METZLER, AKIVA M. LIBERMAN, JEFFREY FAGAN & CHARLES R. MARMAR. (2001) Effects of Gender and Ethnicity on Duty-Related Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms among Urban Police Officers. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 189:7, pages 442-448.
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Anna Marie Ruef, Brett T. Litz & William E. Schlenger. (2000) Hispanic ethnicity and risk for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder.. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology 6:3, pages 235-251.
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Eric G. Benotsch, Kevin Brailey, Jennifer J. Vasterling, Madeline Uddo, Joseph I. Constans & Patricia B. Sutker. (2000) War Zone stress, personal and environmental resources, and PTSD symptoms in Gulf War Veterans: A longitudinal perspective.. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 109:2, pages 205-213.
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Laurence M. Binder, Daniel Storzbach, Keith A. Campbell, Diane S. Rohlman, W. Kent Anger, Martin C. Salinsky, Brian R. Campbell & Reed Mueller. (2016) Comparison of MMPI-2 Profiles of Gulf War Veterans with Epileptic and Nonepileptic Seizure Patients. Assessment 7:1, pages 73-78.
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Chris R. Brewin, Bernice Andrews & John D. Valentine. (2000) Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults.. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 68:5, pages 748-766.
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B.Christopher Frueh, Kristine L. Brady & Michael A. de Arellano. (1998) Racial differences in combat-related PTSD: Empirical findings and conceptual issues. Clinical Psychology Review 18:3, pages 287-305.
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J. Mark Davis, Henry E. Adams, Madeline Uddo, Jennifer J. Vasterling & Patricia B. Sutker. (1996) Physiological arousal and attention in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 18:1, pages 1-20.
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