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Original Articles

Have Multilevel Models Been Structural Equation Models All Along?

Pages 529-569 | Published online: 10 Jun 2010

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (69)

Selcuk Acar, Lindsay E. Lee & Jaret Hodges. (2023) Assessing the Robustness of the Factor Structure of TTCT-Figural: A Meta-CFA Replication-Extension. Creativity Research Journal 35:4, pages 547-567.
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Ziwei Zhang, Corissa T. Rohloff & Nidhi Kohli. (2023) Model Fit Indices for Random Effects Models: Translating Model Fit Ideas from Latent Growth Curve Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 30:5, pages 822-830.
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Martin Hecht, Julia-Kim Walther, Manuel Arnold & Steffen Zitzmann. (2023) Finding the Optimal Number of Persons (N) and Time Points (T) for Maximal Power in Dynamic Longitudinal Models Given a Fixed Budget. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 0:0, pages 1-17.
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Steffen Nestler & Sarah Humberg. (2023) Univariate Autoregressive Structural Equation Models as Mixed-Effects Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 0:0, pages 1-10.
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Andrea Savord, Daniel McNeish, Masumi Iida, Selena Quiroz & Thao Ha. (2023) Fitting the Longitudinal Actor-Partner Interdependence Model as a Dynamic Structural Equation Model in Mplus. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 30:2, pages 296-314.
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Todd D. Little, Daniel Bontempo, Charlie Rioux & Allison Tracy. (2022) On the merits of longitudinal multiple group modelling: an alternative to multilevel modelling for intervention evaluations. International Journal of Research & Method in Education 45:5, pages 437-449.
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Sara Dhaene & Yves Rosseel. (2022) Resampling Based Bias Correction for Small Sample SEM. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 29:5, pages 755-771.
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Chi-Ning Chang & Oi-Man Kwok. (2022) Partitioning Variance for a Within-Level Predictor in Multilevel Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 29:5, pages 716-730.
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Rebecca Wickes, John Hipp & Jacqueline Laughland-Booÿ. (2022) Ethnic Diversity, Social Identity, and Social Withdrawal: Investigating Putnam’s Constrict Thesis. The Sociological Quarterly 63:3, pages 516-540.
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Kijin Seong, Clare Losey & Donghwan Gu. (2022) Naturally Resilient to Natural Hazards? Urban–Rural Disparities in Hazard Mitigation Grant Program Assistance. Housing Policy Debate 32:1, pages 190-210.
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Kimberly L. Fine & Kevin J. Grimm. (2021) Examination of Nonlinear and Functional Mixed-Effects Models with Nonparametrically Generated Data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 56:4, pages 669-686.
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Christian Gische, Stephen G. West & Manuel C. Voelkle. (2021) Forecasting Causal Effects of Interventions versus Predicting Future Outcomes. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 28:3, pages 475-492.
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Sarfaraz Serang. (2021) A Monte Carlo Test for Longitudinal Structural Equation Models in Small Samples. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 28:2, pages 165-181.
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Steffen Nestler. (2021) Modeling Intraindividual Variability in Growth with Measurement Burst Designs. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 28:1, pages 28-39.
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Daniel McNeish. (2020) Relaxing the Proportionality Assumption in Latent Basis Models for Nonlinear Growth. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 27:5, pages 817-824.
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M.T. Barendse & Y. Rosseel. (2020) Multilevel Modeling in the ‘Wide Format’ Approach with Discrete Data: A Solution for Small Cluster Sizes. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 27:5, pages 696-721.
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Jaewon Lee. (2020) Trajectories of Depression between 30s and 50s: Latent Growth Modeling. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 41:7, pages 624-636.
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Daniel McNeish & Tyler H. Matta. (2020) Flexible Treatment of Time-Varying Covariates with Time Unstructured Data. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 27:2, pages 298-317.
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August Capiola, Gene M. Alarcon, Joseph B. Lyons, Tyler J. Ryan & Tamera R. Schneider. (2019) Collective Efficacy as a Mediator of the Trustworthiness – Performance Relationship in Computer-Mediated Team-based Contexts. The Journal of Psychology 153:7, pages 732-757.
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Yi Feng, Gregory R. Hancock & Jeffrey R. Harring. (2019) Latent Growth Models with Floors, Ceilings, and Random Knots. Multivariate Behavioral Research 54:5, pages 751-770.
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Fien Gistelinck & Tom Loeys. (2019) The Actor–Partner Interdependence Model for Longitudinal Dyadic Data: An Implementation in the SEM Framework. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 26:3, pages 329-347.
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Katerina M. Marcoulides. (2019) Reliability Estimation in Longitudinal Studies Using Latent Growth Curve Modeling. Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives 17:2, pages 67-77.
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Davood Tofighi, Yu-Yu Hsiao, Eric S. Kruger, David P. MacKinnon, M. Lee Van Horn & Katie Witkiewitz. (2019) Sensitivity Analysis of the No-Omitted Confounder Assumption in Latent Growth Curve Mediation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 26:1, pages 94-109.
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Daniel McNeish. (2018) Brief Research Report: Growth Models With Small Samples and Missing Data. The Journal of Experimental Education 86:4, pages 690-701.
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Katerina M. Marcoulides. (2018) Automated Latent Growth Curve Model Fitting: A Segmentation and Knot Selection Approach. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 25:5, pages 687-699.
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Gabriela Stegmann, Ross Jacobucci, Sarfaraz Serang & Kevin J. Grimm. (2018) Recursive Partitioning with Nonlinear Models of Change. Multivariate Behavioral Research 53:4, pages 559-570.
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Jonathan L. Helm, Jonas G. Miller, Sarah Kahle, Natalie R. Troxel & Paul D. Hastings. (2018) On Measuring and Modeling Physiological Synchrony in Dyads. Multivariate Behavioral Research 53:4, pages 521-543.
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Daniel McNeish. (2017) Multilevel Mediation With Small Samples: A Cautionary Note on the Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling Framework. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 24:4, pages 609-625.
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Sabahat C. Bagci, Madoka Kumashiro, Adam Rutland, Peter K. Smith & Herbert Blumberg. (2017) Cross-ethnic friendships, psychological well-being, and academic outcomes: Study of South Asian and White children in the UK. European Journal of Developmental Psychology 14:2, pages 190-205.
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Esther Ulitzsch, Jana Holtmann, Martin Schultze & Michael Eid. (2017) Comparing Multilevel and Classical Confirmatory Factor Analysis Parameterizations of Multirater Data: A Monte Carlo Simulation Study. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 24:1, pages 80-103.
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Daniel McNeish. (2016) On Using Bayesian Methods to Address Small Sample Problems. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 23:5, pages 750-773.
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Insu Paek, Zhen Li & Hyun-Jeong Park. (2016) Specifying Ability Growth Models Using a Multidimensional Item Response Model for Repeated Measures Categorical Ordinal Item Response Data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 51:4, pages 569-580.
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Sharon Radomski, Jessica A. Blayney, Mark A. Prince & Jennifer P. Read. (2016) PTSD and Pregaming in College Students: A Risky Practice for an At-Risk Group. Substance Use & Misuse 51:8, pages 1034-1046.
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Minjung Kim, Oi-Man Kwok, Myeongsun Yoon, Victor Willson & Mark H. C. Lai. (2016) Specification Search for Identifying the Correct Mean Trajectory in Polynomial Latent Growth Models. The Journal of Experimental Education 84:2, pages 307-329.
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David B. Flora. (2016) Review of Growth Curve Analysis and Visualization Using R, by Daniel Mirman. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 23:2, pages 314-317.
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Wei Wu & Kyle M. Lang. (2016) Proportionality Assumption in Latent Basis Curve Models: A Cautionary Note. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 23:1, pages 140-154.
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Mary M. Mitchell, Allysha C. Robinson, Trang Q. Nguyen & Amy R. Knowlton. (2015) Latent growth curve analyses of emotional support for informal caregivers of vulnerable persons with HIV/AIDS. AIDS Care 27:9, pages 1108-1111.
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Yuan Liu, Hongyun Liu, Hang Li & Qian Zhao. (2015) The effects of individually varying times of observations on growth parameter estimations in piecewise growth model. Journal of Applied Statistics 42:9, pages 1843-1860.
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Thierno M. O. Diallo & Alexandre J. S. Morin. (2015) Power of Latent Growth Curve Models to Detect Piecewise Linear Trajectories. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 22:3, pages 449-460.
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Jiun-Yu Wu, Oi-Man Kwok & Victor L. Willson. (2014) Using Design-Based Latent Growth Curve Modeling With Cluster-Level Predictor to Address Dependency. The Journal of Experimental Education 82:4, pages 431-454.
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SonyaK. Sterba, KristopherJ. Preacher, Rex Forehand, EmilyJ. Hardcastle, DavidA. Cole & BruceE. Compas. (2014) Structural Equation Modeling Approaches for Analyzing Partially Nested Data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 49:2, pages 93-118.
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Fei Gu, KristopherJ. Preacher, Wei Wu & Yiu-Fai Yung. (2014) A Computationally Efficient State Space Approach to Estimating Multilevel Regression Models and Multilevel Confirmatory Factor Models. Multivariate Behavioral Research 49:2, pages 119-129.
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Yana Fandakova, Yee Lee Shing & Ulman Lindenberger. (2013) High-confidence memory errors in old age: The roles of monitoring and binding processes. Memory 21:6, pages 732-750.
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Mike W.-L. Cheung. (2013) Multivariate Meta-Analysis as Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 20:3, pages 429-454.
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Flaviu A. Hodis & Georgeta M. Hodis. (2013) Latent Growth Modeling for Communication Research: Opportunities and Perspectives. Annals of the International Communication Association 37:1, pages 183-218.
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Mike W.-L. Cheung. (2013) Implementing Restricted Maximum Likelihood Estimation in Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 20:1, pages 157-167.
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Eun Sook Kim, Oi-man Kwok & Myeongsun Yoon. (2012) Testing Factorial Invariance in Multilevel Data: A Monte Carlo Study. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 19:2, pages 250-267.
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KevinJ. Grimm. (2012) Intercept Centering and Time Coding in Latent Difference Score Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 19:1, pages 137-151.
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KristopherJ. Preacher. (2011) Multilevel SEM Strategies for Evaluating Mediation in Three-Level Data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 46:4, pages 691-731.
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Mike W.-L. Cheung. (2010) Fixed-Effects Meta-Analyses as Multiple-Group Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 17:3, pages 481-509.
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PatrickJ. Curran, Khawla Obeidat & Diane Losardo. (2010) Twelve Frequently Asked Questions About Growth Curve Modeling. Journal of Cognition and Development 11:2, pages 121-136.
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Oi-Man Kwok, Wen Luo & StephenG. West. (2010) Using Modification Indexes to Detect Turning Points in Longitudinal Data: A Monte Carlo Study. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 17:2, pages 216-240.
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KevinJ. Grimm & Nilam Ram. (2009) Nonlinear Growth Models in Mplus and SAS. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 16:4, pages 676-701.
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Steven Andrew Culpepper. (2009) A Multilevel Nonlinear Profile Analysis Model for Dichotomous Data. Multivariate Behavioral Research 44:5, pages 646-667.
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Sy-Miin Chow, EllenL. Hamaker & JasonC. Allaire. (2009) Using Innovative Outliers to Detect Discrete Shifts in Dynamics in Group-Based State-Space Models. Multivariate Behavioral Research 44:4, pages 465-496.
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Lesa Hoffman & RobertS. Stawski. (2009) Persons as Contexts: Evaluating Between-Person and Within-Person Effects in Longitudinal Analysis. Research in Human Development 6:2-3, pages 97-120.
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Eva Van de gaer, Bieke De Fraine, Heidi Pustjens, Jan Van Damme, Agnes De Munter & Patrick Onghena. (2009) School effects on the development of motivation toward learning tasks and the development of academic self-concept in secondary education: a multivariate latent growth curve approach. School Effectiveness and School Improvement 20:2, pages 235-253.
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MikeW.-L. Cheung. (2009) Constructing Approximate Confidence Intervals for Parameters With Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 16:2, pages 267-294.
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Chueh‐An Hsieh & KimberlyS. Maier. (2009) A preliminary Bayesian analysis of incomplete longitudinal data from a small sample: methodological advances in an international comparative study of educational inequality. International Journal of Research & Method in Education 32:1, pages 103-125.
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MikeW.L. Cheung & Wai Chan. (2009) A Two-Stage Approach to Synthesizing Covariance Matrices in Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 16:1, pages 28-53.
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DavidB. Flora. (2008) Specifying Piecewise Latent Trajectory Models for Longitudinal Data. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 15:3, pages 513-533.
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Lijuan Wang & JohnJ. McArdle. (2008) A Simulation Study Comparison of Bayesian Estimation With Conventional Methods for Estimating Unknown Change Points. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 15:1, pages 52-74.
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PatriciaF. Vadasy, ElizabethA. Sanders & RobertD. Abbott. (2008) Effects of Supplemental Early Reading Intervention at 2-Year Follow Up: Reading Skill Growth Patterns and Predictors. Scientific Studies of Reading 12:1, pages 51-89.
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MikeW.L. Cheung. (2007) Comparison of Approaches to Constructing Confidence Intervals for Mediating Effects Using Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 14:2, pages 227-246.
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Mike W.-L. Cheung & Kevin Au. (2005) Applications of Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling to Cross-Cultural Research. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal 12:4, pages 598-619.
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Patrick J. Curran, R. J. Wirth, John R. Nesselroade, David Rogosa, Y. M. Thum, Francis Tuerlinckx & Alexander von Eye. (2004) Commentaries. Measurement: Interdisciplinary Research and Perspectives 2:4, pages 219-247.
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