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Review

Evolution in pharmacologic thinking around the natural analgesic palmitoylethanolamide: from nonspecific resistance to PPAR-α agonist and effective nutraceutical

Pages 625-634 | Published online: 08 Aug 2013

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (2)

Jan M Keppel Hesselink, David J Kopsky & Arun K Bhaskar. (2017) Skin matters! The role of keratinocytes in nociception: a rational argument for the development of topical analgesics. Journal of Pain Research 10, pages 1-8.
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Chao Yuan, Xue-Min Wang, Alexandre Guichard, Yi-Mei Tan, Chun-Yan Qian, Li-Jie Yang & Philippe Humbert. (2014) N-palmitoylethanolamine and N-acetylethanolamine are effective in asteatotic eczema: results of a randomized, double-blind, controlled study in 60 patients. Clinical Interventions in Aging 9, pages 1163-1169.
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Articles from other publishers (22)

Matteo Chiappedi. (2023) Palmitoylethanolamide: One molecule, different formulations. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 77:2, pages 127-127.
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J. Maghfour, H. Rietcheck, M. D. Szeto, C. W. Rundle, T. E. Sivesind, R. P. Dellavalle, P. Lio, C. A. Dunnick, J. Fernandez & H. Yardley. (2021) Tolerability profile of topical cannabidiol and palmitoylethanolamide: a compilation of single‐centre randomized evaluator‐blinded clinical and in vitro studies in normal skin . Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 46:8, pages 1518-1529.
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Mauro Congiu, Laura Micheli, Michele Santoni, Claudia Sagheddu, Anna Lisa Muntoni, Alexandros Makriyannis, Michael S. Malamas, Carla Ghelardini, Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli & Marco Pistis. (2021) N-Acylethanolamine Acid Amidase Inhibition Potentiates Morphine Analgesia and Delays the Development of Tolerance. Neurotherapeutics 18:4, pages 2722-2736.
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Saumya Singh, Prithwish Kola, Dalveer Kaur, Gisha Singla, Vibhu Mishra, Parmjit S. Panesar, Kumar Mallikarjunan & Meena Krishania. (2021) Therapeutic Potential of Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements in the Prevention of Viral Diseases: A Review. Frontiers in Nutrition 8.
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Paul Clayton, Mariko Hill, Nathasha Bogoda, Silma Subah & Ruchitha Venkatesh. (2021) Palmitoylethanolamide: A Natural Compound for Health Management. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22:10, pages 5305.
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Kelly F. Paton, Rahau Shirazi, Mikhail Vyssotski & Bronwyn M. Kivell. (2020) N ‐docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine (synaptamide) has antinociceptive effects in male mice . European Journal of Pain 24:10, pages 1990-1998.
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Miaomiao Li, Dan Wang, Wenpeng Bi, Zheng-er Jiang, Rilong Piao & Hailing Yu. (2019) N -Palmitoylethanolamide Exerts Antidepressant-Like Effects in Rats: Involvement of PPAR α Pathway in the Hippocampus . Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 369:1, pages 163-172.
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Rose Milando & Adam Friedman. (2018) Cannabinoids: Potential Role in Inflammatory and Neoplastic Skin Diseases. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 20:2, pages 167-180.
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Barbara Scolnick. (2018) Hypothesis: Clues From Mammalian Hibernation for Treating Patients With Anorexia Nervosa. Frontiers in Psychology 9.
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Magnus Simrén & Jan Tack. (2018) New treatments and therapeutic targets for IBS and other functional bowel disorders. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 15:10, pages 589-605.
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A. Iu. Molchanova, I. P. Zhavoronok, E. I. Pekhtereva, O. A. Antipova, T. B. Melik-Kasumov, T. O. Pavlyut’, A. I. Vasil’kevich & M. A. Kisel’. (2018) ANTINOCYCEPTIVE EFFECT OF A SYSTEMIC ADMINISTRATION OF PALMITOYLETHANOLAMIDE, STEAROYLETHANOLAMIDE AND DYNCLOFENAC IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL NEUROGENIC PAIN SYNDROME. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series 15:3, pages 331-338.
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Barbara Scolnick. (2018) Treatment of anorexia nervosa with palmitoylethanoamide. Medical Hypotheses 116, pages 54-60.
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Olena Lykhmus, Kateryna Uspenska, Lyudmyla Koval, Daria Lytovchenko, Larysa Voytenko, Tetyana Horid'ko, Halyna Kosiakova, Nadiya Gula, Serhiy Komisarenko & Maryna Skok. (2017) N-Stearoylethanolamine protects the brain and improves memory of mice treated with lipopolysaccharide or immunized with the extracellular domain of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. International Immunopharmacology 52, pages 290-296.
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C. Cremon, V. Stanghellini, M. R. Barbaro, R. F. Cogliandro, L. Bellacosa, J. Santos, M. Vicario, M. Pigrau, C. Alonso Cotoner, B. Lobo, F. Azpiroz, S. Bruley des Varannes, M. Neunlist, D. DeFilippis, T. Iuvone, S. Petrosino, V. Di Marzo & G. Barbara. (2017) Randomised clinical trial: the analgesic properties of dietary supplementation with palmitoylethanolamide and polydatin in irritable bowel syndrome. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 45:7, pages 909-922.
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J.M. Keppel Hesselink. 2017. Nutrition and Lifestyle in Neurological Autoimmune Diseases. Nutrition and Lifestyle in Neurological Autoimmune Diseases 29 37 .
Sven R. Andresen, Jette Bing, Rikke M. Hansen, Fin Biering-Sørensen, Inger L. Johannesen, Ellen Merete Hagen, Andrew S. C. Rice, Jørgen F. Nielsen, Flemming W. Bach & Nanna B. Finnerup. (2016) Ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide in spinal cord injury neuropathic pain: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pain 157:9, pages 2097-2103.
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J. M. Keppel Hesselink. (2015) The terms ‘autacoid’, ‘hormone’ and ‘chalone’ and how they have shifted with time. Autonomic and Autacoid Pharmacology 35:4, pages 51-58.
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Jan M. Keppel Hesselink, Ciro Costagliola, Josiane Fakhry & David J. Kopsky. (2015) Palmitoylethanolamide, a Natural Retinoprotectant: Its Putative Relevance for the Treatment of Glaucoma and Diabetic Retinopathy. Journal of Ophthalmology 2015, pages 1-9.
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Nicola Antonucci, Alessandra Cirillo & Dario Siniscalco. (2015) Beneficial Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide on Expressive Language, Cognition, and Behaviors in Autism: A Report of Two Cases. Case Reports in Psychiatry 2015, pages 1-6.
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Natsuo Ueda, Kazuhito Tsuboi & Toru Uyama. 2015. The Endocannabinoidome. The Endocannabinoidome 111 135 .
Jan M. Keppel Hesselink, David J. Kopsky & Nancy L. Sajben. (2014) Vulvodynia and proctodynia treated with topical baclofen 5 % and palmitoylethanolamide. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 290:2, pages 389-393.
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Rutger Kriek. (2014) Palmitoylethanolamide: problems regarding micronization, ultra-micronization and additives. Inflammopharmacology 22:3, pages 195-198.
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