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Review

XEN® Gel Stent: A Comprehensive Review on Its Use as a Treatment Option for Refractory Glaucoma

Antonio M Fea1 Struttura Complessa Oculistica, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche - Università Degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6551-6054
ORCID Icon,
Georges M Durr2 Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada;3 Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, CanadaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0627-3662
ORCID Icon,
Paola Marolo1 Struttura Complessa Oculistica, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche - Università Degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8881-0926
ORCID Icon,
Lorenza Malinverni1 Struttura Complessa Oculistica, Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche - Università Degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
,
Mario A Economou4 Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, SwedenORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-6721
ORCID Icon &
Ike Ahmed5 Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Pages 1805-1832 | Published online: 30 Jun 2020

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Tobias Busch, Dragana Skiljic, Thiemo Rudolph, Anders Bergström & Madeleine Zetterberg. (2023) Four-Year Outcome of XEN 45 Gel Stent Implantation in a Swedish Population. Clinical Ophthalmology 17, pages 1897-1910.
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Mridula Dilip, Zachary Koretz, Manuel A. Paez-Escamilla, Emily Hughes, José-Alain Sahel, Ian Conner & Marie-Hélène Errera. (2023) Bleb Associated Xen Gel Stent Endophthalmitis: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 31:7, pages 1533-1536.
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Mark J Gallardo, Logan R Vincent & Matthew Porter. (2022) Comparison of Clinical Outcomes Following Gel Stent Implantation via Ab-Externo and Ab-Interno Approaches in Patients with Refractory Glaucoma. Clinical Ophthalmology 16, pages 2187-2197.
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Articles from other publishers (41)

Yasmine Serrar, Amina Rezkallah, Laurent Kodjikian, Muriel Poli, Thibaud Mathis & Philippe Denis. (2022) XEN ® 63 gel stent to treat a refractory uveitic glaucoma: A case report . European Journal of Ophthalmology 33:4, pages NP32-NP36.
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Alfonso Savastano, Matteo Mario Carlà, Gloria Gambini, Federico Giannuzzi, Francesco Boselli & Stanislao Rizzo. (2023) Inferior implant of XEN63 Gel stent in a refractory open-angle glaucoma due to silicone oil tamponade: A case report. European Journal of Ophthalmology, pages 112067212311722.
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Isra M. Hussien, Ticiana De Francesco & Iqbal Ike K. Ahmed. (2023) Intermediate Outcomes of the Novel 63μm Gelatin Microstent versus the Conventional 45μm Gelatin Microstent. Ophthalmology Glaucoma.
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Ji Yeon Byun, Yong Koo Kang, Yong Hyun Jang, Young Kook Kim & Dai Woo Kim. (2023) Management of Steroid-Induced Glaucoma in a Patient with Pyoderma Gangrenosum. Journal of Clinical Medicine 12:8, pages 2930.
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Anh H. Pham & Anna K. Junk. (2023) Delayed Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage After Xen45 Gel Stent. Journal of Glaucoma 32:4, pages e33-e35.
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Junghyun Park, Thanitsara Rittiphairoj, Xue Wang, Jian-Yu E & Amanda K Bicket. (2023) Device-modified trabeculectomy for glaucoma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2023:3.
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Antonio Fea, Matteo Sacchi, Fabrizio Franco, Gian Luca Laffi, Francesco Oddone, Giacomo Costa, Federica Serino & Fabrizio Giansanti. (2023) Effectiveness and Safety of XEN45 in Eyes With High Myopia and Open Angle Glaucoma. Journal of Glaucoma 32:3, pages 178-185.
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Gary D. Miner, Linda A. Miner & Billie Corkerin. 2023. Practical Data Analytics for Innovation in Medicine. Practical Data Analytics for Innovation in Medicine 199 255 .
Rita Vieira, João Leite, Ana Figueiredo, Rita Reis, Isabel Sampaio & Maria João Menéres. (2022) XEN Gel Stent Implantation in Eyes With Previous Glaucoma Filtering Surgeries: A Case Series. Cureus.
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Ryan T. Duong, Andrew C. Pittner, Tina M. Roa, Arjun J. Dirghangi & Peter A. Netland. (2022) Stand-Alone Xen Gel Microstent Implantation Compared With Kahook Dual Blade Goniotomy. Journal of Glaucoma 31:11, pages 898-902.
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María Teresa Marcos-Parra, Angi Lizbeth Mendoza-Moreira, Lucía Moreno-Castro, Carlos Mateos-Marcos, Javier Alejandro Salinas-López, María Belén Figuerola-García, Ángela González-Alonso & Juan José Pérez-Santonja. (2022) 3-Year Outcomes of XEN Implant Compared With Trabeculectomy, With or Without Phacoemulsification for Open Angle Glaucoma. Journal of Glaucoma 31:10, pages 826-833.
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Michelle T Sun, Reema Madike, Sonia Huang, Cassie Cameron, Dinesh Selva, Robert J Casson & Christopher X Wong. (2022) Changing trends in glaucoma surgery within Australia. British Journal of Ophthalmology 106:7, pages 957-961.
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Yu Xiang George Kong, In Young Chung & Ghee Soon Ang. (2021) Outcomes of XEN45 gel stent using posterior small incision sub-tenon ab interno insertion (Semi-open) technique. Eye 36:7, pages 1456-1460.
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Sheng Yang Lim, Bjorn Kaijun Betzler, Leonard Wei Leon Yip, Syril Dorairaj & Bryan Chin Hou Ang. (2022) Standalone XEN45 Gel Stent implantation in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Survey of Ophthalmology 67:4, pages 1048-1061.
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Antonio Maria Fea, Martina Menchini, Alessandro Rossi, Chiara Posarelli, Lorenza Malinverni & Michele Figus. (2022) Outcomes of XEN 63 Device at 18-Month Follow-Up in Glaucoma Patients: A Two-Center Retrospective Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine 11:13, pages 3801.
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Thomas Graf, Gitanas Kancerevycius, Linas Jonušauskas & Patric Eberle. (2022) Rational Design of Microfluidic Glaucoma Stent. Micromachines 13:6, pages 978.
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Anne Nguyen, Brian Simon, Rebecca Doan, Emily Chen, Ryan Lamrani, Jonathan Shakibkhou & Michael S. Berlin. (2022) Advances in Excimer Laser Trabeculostomy within the Landscape of Minimally-Invasive Glaucoma Surgery. Journal of Clinical Medicine 11:12, pages 3492.
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Martina Menchini, Francesco Sartini, Filippo Tatti, Enrico Peiretti & Michele Figus. (2021) Endothelial cell density change in fully dislocated XEN Gel IMPLANT after trabeculectomy: A case report. European Journal of Ophthalmology 32:3, pages NP14-NP18.
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Yash S. Shah, Marko Oydanich, Rajen U. Desai, Nicholas Chinskey & Albert S. Khouri. (2022) Appositional Choroidal Detachment Following XEN45 Gel Stent Requiring Surgical Drainage. Journal of Glaucoma 31:3, pages 212-213.
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Sachin Kalarn, Tinh Le & Douglas J. Rhee. (2022) The role of trabeculectomy in the era of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery. Current Opinion in Ophthalmology 33:2, pages 112-118.
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Dominique Geoffrion, Salima I. Hassanaly, Michael Marchand, Roy Daoud, Younes Agoumi & Mona Harissi-Dagher. (2022) Assessment of the Role and Timing of Glaucoma Surgery in Boston Keratoprosthesis Type 1 Patients. American Journal of Ophthalmology 235, pages 249-257.
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Symeon Nicolaou, Tasneem Z. Khatib, Zhiheng Lin, Twishaa Sheth, Golden Ogbonna, Lamia Hamidovic, Asad Zaheer & Chrysostomos Dimitriou. (2021) A retrospective review of XEN implant surgery: efficacy, safety and the effect of combined cataract surgery. International Ophthalmology 42:3, pages 881-889.
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Natalia Monja-Alarcón, Susana Perucho-Martínez, Miriam Buenasmañanas-Maeso & Nicolás Toledano-Fernández. (2022) Does mitomycin-C concentration have any influence on XEN45 gel stent outcomes in a real-world setting?. Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology.
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Ezekiel J. Kingston, Sophia L. Zagora, Richard J. Symes, Pushpa Raman, Peter J. McCluskey & Jed A. Lusthaus. (2022) Infective Necrotizing Scleritis After XEN Gel Stent With Mitomycin-C. Journal of Glaucoma 31:2, pages 129-132.
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Raquel Burggraaf-Sánchez de las Matas, Laura Such-Irusta, Enrique A Alfonso-Muñoz, Héctor Mascarós-Mena, Aitor Lanzagorta-Aresti, Jorge Mataix-Boronat & Carolina Font-Julià. (2022) Late-onset Endophthalmitis after XEN45® Implantation: A Retrospective Case Series and Literature Review. Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice 15:3, pages 153-160.
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Sunil Ruparelia, Efraim Berco, Alejandro Lichtinger & Nir Shoham-Hazon. (2022) Multiple XEN Gel Stents for Refractory Pediatric Glaucoma. Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus 59:1.
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John Liu, Jingyi Ma, Jeb Alden Ong & Iqbal Ike Ahmed. 2022. Cataract Surgery. Cataract Surgery 491 502 .
Filippo Tatti, Pietro Gentile, Lorenzo Mangoni, Giuseppe Demarinis, Pietro Napoli & Maurizio Fossarello. (2021) Xen45 gel stent ab interno trimming for ostium occlusion: case report. BMC Ophthalmology 21:1.
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Roxane Bunod, Mathieu Robin, Juliette Buffault, Chafik Keilani, Antoine Labbé & Christophe Baudouin. (2021) PreserFlo MicroShunt® exposure: a case series. BMC Ophthalmology 21:1.
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Nathan M. Kerr, Samantha Lim, Maria Simos & Trevor Ward. (2021) Primary Needling of the Ab Interno Gelatin Microstent Reduces Postoperative Needling and Follow-up Requirements. Ophthalmology Glaucoma 4:6, pages 581-588.
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Sunil Ruparelia & Nir Shoham-Hazon. (2021) Iris-Occlusion of XEN Gel Stent following Ab Externo Transconjunctival Implantation Technique. Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2021, pages 1-3.
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Katarzyna Lewczuk, Joanna Konopińska, Joanna Jabłońska, Jacek Rudowicz, Patrycja Laszewicz, Diana Anna Dmuchowska, Zofia Mariak & Marek Rękas. (2021) XEN Glaucoma Implant for the Management of Glaucoma in Naïve Patients versus Patients with Previous Glaucoma Surgery. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10:19, pages 4417.
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Boonsong Wanichwecharungruang & Nitee Ratprasatporn. (2021) 24-month outcomes of XEN45 gel implant versus trabeculectomy in primary glaucoma. PLOS ONE 16:8, pages e0256362.
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José M. Martínez-de-la-Casa, Federico Saenz-Francés, Laura Morales-Fernandez, Lucia Perucho, Carmen Mendez, Ana Fernandez-Vidal, Sofía Garcia-Saenz, Ruben Sanchez-Jean & Julian García-Feijoo. (2021) Clinical outcomes of combined Preserflo Microshunt implantation and cataract surgery in open-angle glaucoma patients. Scientific Reports 11:1.
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Rabea Kassem & Paul Harasymowycz. (2021) Glaucoma Surgery. Advances in Ophthalmology and Optometry 6, pages 217-243.
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Katarzyna Lewczuk, Joanna Konopińska, Joanna Jabłońska, Jacek Rudowicz, Patrycja Laszewicz, Zofia Mariak & Marek Rękas. (2021) XEN Glaucoma Implant for the Management of Operated Uncontrolled Glaucoma: Results and Complications during a Long-Term Follow-Up. Journal of Ophthalmology 2021, pages 1-9.
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Antonio Maria Fea, Martina Menchini, Alessandro Rossi, Chiara Posarelli, Lorenza Malinverni & Michele Figus. (2021) Early Experience with the New XEN63 Implant in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients: Clinical Outcomes. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10:8, pages 1628.
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Marc Schargus, Catharina Busch, Matus Rehak, Jie Meng, Manuela Schmidt, Caroline Bormann & Jan Darius Unterlauft. (2021) Functional Monitoring after Trabeculectomy or XEN Microstent Implantation Using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography and Visual Field Indices—A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study. Biology 10:4, pages 273.
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Marc Schargus, Theresa Theilig, Matus Rehak, Catharina Busch, Caroline Bormann & Jan Darius Unterlauft. (2020) Outcome of a single XEN microstent implant for glaucoma patients with different types of glaucoma. BMC Ophthalmology 20:1.
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James M. Harris & David Solá-Del Valle. (2020) Effective treatment of a normal-tension glaucoma patient with bilateral ab externo XEN Gel Stent implantation. American Journal of Ophthalmology Case Reports 20, pages 100947.
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Theresa Theilig, Matus Rehak, Catharina Busch, Caroline Bormann, Marc Schargus & Jan Darius Unterlauft. (2020) Comparing the efficacy of trabeculectomy and XEN gel microstent implantation for the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma: a retrospective monocentric comparative cohort study. Scientific Reports 10:1.
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