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Original Article

Plasma and Urinary Cortisol in Pregnancy and during Estrogen-Gestagen Treatment

Pages 119-122 | Received 10 May 1972, Accepted 23 Nov 1972, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

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M. Vincenti, M. Leporati, P. Capra, S. Gatto, A. Attucci, G. Barbarino & C. Nebbia. (2012) A field survey on the presence of prednisolone and prednisone in urine samples from untreated cows. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 29:12, pages 1893-1900.
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Christine Felding, Anne Lis Mikkelsen & Carsten D. Birch. (1986) Urinary Unconjugated Cortisol in Normally Menstruating Women and During Estrogen–Gestagen Treatment. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 65:6, pages 547-550.
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Articles from other publishers (46)

Nisrin El Mlili, Hanan Ahabrach & Omar Cauli. (2023) Hair Cortisol Concentration as a Biomarker of Symptoms of Depression in the Perinatal Period. CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 22:1, pages 71-83.
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Andrea G. Edlow & Errol R. Norwitz. 2019. Yen and Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology. Yen and Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology 662 708.e17 .
Zufei Zhang, Muhammad Farooq, Bhagwat Prasad, Sue Grepper & Jashvant D. Unadkat. (2015) Prediction of Gestational Age–Dependent Induction of In Vivo Hepatic CYP3A Activity Based on HepaRG Cells and Human Hepatocytes. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 43:6, pages 836-842.
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Halit Diri, Fahri Bayram, Yasin Simsek, Yusuf Ozkan, Alper Akcan, Ibrahim Karahan, Ibrahim Ileri, Sulbiye Aribas & Mehmet Sait Koc. (2014) A Pregnant Woman Who Underwent Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy due to Cushing’s Syndrome. Case Reports in Endocrinology 2014, pages 1-4.
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Andrea G. Edlow & Errol R. Norwitz. 2014. Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology. Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology 604 650.e18 .
Ioannis Papageorgiou, Susan Grepper & Jashvant D. Unadkat. (2013) Induction of Hepatic CYP3A Enzymes by Pregnancy-Related Hormones: Studies in Human Hepatocytes and Hepatic Cell Lines. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 41:2, pages 281-290.
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Jeong Tae KimMun Hyuk SungWoo Ri ParkJeong Ho HanHye Suk HanYoung Kwang SimTae Gun OhHyun Jeong Jeon. (2011) A Case of Cushing's Disease in Pregnancy. Endocrinology and Metabolism 26:4, pages 348.
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Harold E. Carlson. 2011. The Pituitary. The Pituitary 397 412 .
Ana Carla P. Montenegro, Viviane Rosado D' Assunção, Monique Gabrielli B. Luna, Pollyanna Valente N. Raposo & Francisco Bandeira. (2010) Evaluation of levels of cortisol in saliva using electro-chemical luminescence in low-risk and high-risk pregnancies. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 10:1, pages 69-74.
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Amy E. Beddoe, Chin-Po Paul Yang, Holly Powell Kennedy, Sandra J. Weiss & Kathryn A. Lee. (2009) The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Yoga During Pregnancy on Maternal Psychological and Physical Distress. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing 38:3, pages 310-319.
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Stephen F. Thung & Errol R. Norwitz. 2009. Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology. Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology 615 658 .
Lucio Vilar, Maria da Conceição Freitas, Lúcia Helena C. Lima, Ruy Lyra & Claudio E. Kater. (2007) Cushing's syndrome in pregnancy: an overview. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 51:8, pages 1293-1302.
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Pierre Mormède, Stéphane Andanson, Benoit Aupérin, Bonne Beerda, Daniel Guémené, Jens Malmkvist, Xavier Manteca, Gerhard Manteuffel, Patrick Prunet, Cornelis G. van Reenen, Sabine Richard & Isabelle Veissier. (2007) Exploration of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal function as a tool to evaluate animal welfare. Physiology & Behavior 92:3, pages 317-339.
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John R. Lindsay & Lynnette K. Nieman. (2005) The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Pregnancy: Challenges in Disease Detection and Treatment. Endocrine Reviews 26:6, pages 775-799.
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Dick F. Swaab, Ai-Min Bao & Paul J. Lucassen. (2005) The stress system in the human brain in depression and neurodegeneration. Ageing Research Reviews 4:2, pages 141-194.
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Miki Bloch, David R. Rubinow, Peter J. Schmidt, Angela Lotsikas, George P. Chrousos & Giovanni Cizza. (2005) Cortisol Response to Ovine Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone in a Model of Pregnancy and Parturition in Euthymic Women with and without a History of Postpartum Depression. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 90:2, pages 695-699.
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Nastaran Foyouzi, Yr Frisbæk & Errol R. Norwitz. (2004) Pituitary gland and pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 31:4, pages 873-892.
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Vincent GeenenIlia Elenkov. 2004. Immunoendocrinology in Health and Disease. Immunoendocrinology in Health and Disease 647 672 .
Rodrigo F. Castro, Frederico F.R. Maia, Antônio R. Ferreira, Saulo Purisch, Maria R. Calsolari, Patrícia A.F.C. Menezes & Ivana Maria N. Victória. (2004) HELLP síndrome associada à síndrome de Cushing: relato de dois casos. Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 48:3, pages 419-422.
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GEORGE MASTORAKOS & IOANNIS ILIAS. (2003) Maternal and Fetal Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axes During Pregnancy and Postpartum. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 997:1, pages 136-149.
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Ann M. Rasmusson, Deborah S. Lipschitz, Sheila Wang, Sylvia Hu, Dolores Vojvoda, J.Douglas Bremner, Steven M. Southwick & Dennis S. Charney. (2001) Increased pituitary and adrenal reactivity in premenopausal women with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry 50:12, pages 965-977.
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Zuhayr T. Madhun & David C. Aron. 2001. Pituitary Tumors in Pregnancy. Pituitary Tumors in Pregnancy 149 172 .
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G. MASTORAKOS & I. ILIAS. (2006) Maternal Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: Postpartum-Related Disorders. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 900:1, pages 95-106.
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RONALD L. WILDER & ILIA J. ELENKOV. (1999) Hormonal Regulation of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-12 and Interleukin-10 Production by Activated Macrophages: A Disease-modifying Mechanism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 876:1 NEUROENDOCRIN, pages 14-31.
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Sheila Wang, Stephen G. Matthews, Treena M. Jeffray, M. Yvette Stevens, Kaiping Yang, Geoffrey L. Hammond & John R. G. Challis. (1997) The effects of estradiol-17° infusion into fetal sheep in late gestation. Endocrine 6:3, pages 271-278.
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Leslie R. Sheeler. (1994) Cushing’s Syndrome and Pregnancy. Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America 23:3, pages 619-627.
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C. F. Close, M. C. Mann, J. F. Watts & K. G. Taylor. (2008) ACTH‐independent Cushing's syndrome in pregnancy with spontaneous resolution after delivery: control of the hypercortisolism with metyrapone. Clinical Endocrinology 39:3, pages 375-379.
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James S. Prihoda & Lowell E. Davis. (1991) Metabolic Emergencies in Obstetrics. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 18:2, pages 301-318.
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P.M.M. Meulenberg & J.A. Hofman. (1990) The effect of oral contraceptive use and pregnancy on the daily rhythm of cortisol and cortisone. Clinica Chimica Acta 190:3, pages 211-221.
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David C. Aron, Adrian M. Schnall & Leslie R. Sheeler. (1990) Cushing's syndrome and pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 162:1, pages 244-252.
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Roger W. Koment. (1989) Restriction to human cytomegalovirus replication in vitro removed by physiological levels of cortisol. Journal of Medical Virology 27:1, pages 44-47.
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P.M.M. Meulenberg, H.A. Ross, L.M.J.W. Swinkels & T.J. Benraad. (1987) The effect of oral contraceptives on plasma-free and salivary cortisol and cortisone. Clinica Chimica Acta 165:2-3, pages 379-385.
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Meir Steiner & Roger F. Haskett. 1987. Premenstrual Syndrome. Premenstrual Syndrome 369 385 .
Roger W. Koment. (2005) Lytic cytomegalovirus replication and the hormones of human pregnancy. Journal of Medical Virology 15:2, pages 149-156.
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Joseph Paynter HoltJr.Jr.. 1985. Principles of Medical Therapy in Pregnancy. Principles of Medical Therapy in Pregnancy 211 239 .
Roger F. Haskett, Meir Steiner & Bernard J. Carroll. (1984) A psychoendocrine study of premenstrual tension syndrome. Journal of Affective Disorders 6:2, pages 191-199.
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Anne Lis Mikkelsen, Christine Felding & Hans Hasselbalch. (2011) Urinary Free Cortisol During Pregnancy. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 63:3, pages 253-256.
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M. G. CHAPMAN, S. L. JEFFCOATE And & C. J. DEWHURST. (2008) EFFECT OF CYPROTERONE ACETATE‐ETHINYL OESTRADIOL TREATMENT ON ADRENAL FUNCTION IN HIRSUTE WOMEN. Clinical Endocrinology 17:6, pages 577-582.
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N. Cheng, A. Burssens & J. C. Mulier. (1982) Pregnancy and post-pregnancy avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Archives of Orthopaedic and Traumatic Surgery 100:3, pages 199-210.
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Robert C. Rock, Daniel W. Chan & Marie T. Perlstein. (1981) Endocrine Assays in the Monitoring of Pregnancy. Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 1:2, pages 157-179.
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Bruce R. Carr, C. Richard ParkerJr.Jr., James D. Madden, Paul C. MacDonald & John C. Porter. (1981) Maternal plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol relationships throughout human pregnancy. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 139:4, pages 416-422.
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M.H. Briggs. 1981. Reproduction and Development. Reproduction and Development 177 189 .
EA Donald & TR Bossé. (1979) The vitamin B6 requirement in oral contraceptive users II. Assessment by tryptophan metabolites, vitamin B6, and pyridoxic acid levels in urine. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32:5, pages 1024-1032.
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Joseph W. Goldzieher, C. Brandon Chenault, Armando De La Peña, Tazewell S. Dozier & Duane C. Kraemer. (1977) Comparative Studies of the Ethynyl Estrogens Used in Oral Contraceptives: Effects with and without Progestational Agents on Plasma Cortisol and Cortisol Binding in Humans, Baboons, and Beagles. Fertility and Sterility 28:11, pages 1182-1190.
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Donald M. Okada, Dan Tulchinsky, Jim W. Ross & Calvin J. Hobel. (1974) Plasma estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, and cortisol in normal labor. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 119:4, pages 502-507.
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