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Original Article

Analysis of 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine nucleotides, and 6-thiourie acid in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography: Technical Note

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Pages 779-784 | Received 24 Oct 1988, Accepted 06 Apr 1989, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

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Zohre Hasanzade & Heidar Raissi. (2020) Carbon and boron nanotubes as a template material for adsorption of 6-Thioguanine chemotherapeutic: a molecular dynamics and density functional approach. Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 38:3, pages 697-707.
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U. Hindorf, E. Lyrenäs, Å. Nilsson & K. Schmiegelow. (2004) Monitoring of long-term thiopurine therapy among adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 39:11, pages 1105-1112.
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Articles from other publishers (41)

Tiphaine Adam de Beaumais, Yves Medard, Océane Amblard, Lauriane Goldwirt, Mathieu Simonin, Christine Martinez Vinson, Arnaud Petit & Evelyne Jacqz-Aigrain. (2022) Improved HPLC Quantification of 6-Mercaptopurine Metabolites in Red Blood Cells: Monitoring Data and Literature Analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23:19, pages 11885.
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Sami Albeiroti, Vincent Buggs, Bjoern Schniedewind, Kimia Sobhani, Uwe Christians & Kathleen A. Kelly. 2020. Toxicology Cases for the Clinical and Forensic Laboratory. Toxicology Cases for the Clinical and Forensic Laboratory 317 332 .
Maria S. Ebbesen, Ulrikka Nygaard, Susanne Rosthøj, Ditte Sørensen, Jacob Nersting, Kim Vettenranta, Finn Wesenberg, Jon Kristinsson, Arja Harila-Saari & Kjeld Schmiegelow. (2017) Hepatotoxicity During Maintenance Therapy and Prognosis in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 39:3, pages 161-166.
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Kjeld Schmiegelow, Jacob Nersting, Stine Nygaard Nielsen, Mats Heyman, Finn Wesenberg, Jon Kristinsson, Kim Vettenranta, Henrik Schrøeder, Richard Weinshilboum, Katrine Lykke Jensen, Kathrine Grell & Susanne Rosthoej. (2016) Maintenance therapy of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia revisited-Should drug doses be adjusted by white blood cell, neutrophil, or lymphocyte counts?. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 63:12, pages 2104-2111.
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Elham Mirmomtaz, Ali Zirakbash & Ali Asghar Ensafi. (2016) An electrochemical DNA sensor for determination of 6-thioguanine using adsorptive stripping voltammetry at HMDE: An anticancer drug DNA interaction study. Russian Journal of Electrochemistry 52:4, pages 320-329.
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Nurgul Karadas-Bakirhan, Ahmad Sarakbi, Marie Vandeput, Sibel A. Ozkan & Jean-Michel Kauffmann. (2015) Liquid Chromatography with Amperometric Detection at a Silver Based Detector for the Determination of Thiocompounds: Application to the Assay of Thiopurine Antimetabolites in Urine. Analytical Chemistry 87:13, pages 6730-6735.
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Ece Eksin, Gulsah Congur, Fehmi Mese & Arzum Erdem. (2014) Electrochemical monitoring of surface confined interaction between 6-Thioguanine and DNA by using single-use graphite electrode. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 733, pages 33-38.
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Maria S. Ebbesen, Jacob Nersting, Jack H. Jacobsen, Thomas L. Frandsen, Kim Vettenranta, Jonas Abramsson, Finn Wesenberg & Kjeld Schmiegelow. (2013) Incorporation of 6‐Thioguanine Nucleotides into DNA During Maintenance Therapy of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia—The Influence of Thiopurine Methyltransferase Genotypes. The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 53:6, pages 670-674.
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Robert Zakrzewski, Kamila Borowczyk, Adam ŁuczakWojciech Młynarski & Joanna Trelińska. (2013) Determination of urinary 6-mercaptopurine and three of its metabolites by HPLC–UV coupled with the iodine–azide reaction. Bioanalysis 5:8, pages 869-877.
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Jack H. Jacobsen, Kjeld Schmiegelow & Jacob Nersting. (2012) Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry quantification of 6-thioguanine in DNA using endogenous guanine as internal standard. Journal of Chromatography B 881-882, pages 115-118.
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Kathleen A. Kelly & Anthony W. Butch. 2012. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 323 348 .
Thomas L. Frandsen, Jonas Abrahamsson, Birgitte Lausen, Kim Vettenranta, Mats Heyman, Michael Behrentz, Anders Castor, Peder S. Wehner, Britt-marie Frost, Elisabeth W. Andersen & Kjeld Schmiegelow. (2011) Individualized toxicity-titrated 6-mercaptopurine increments during high-dose methotrexate consolidation treatment of lower risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. A Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) pilot study. British Journal of Haematology 155:2, pages 244-247.
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Rikke L. Hedeland, Kristian Hvidt, Jacob Nersting, Susanne Rosthøj, Kim Dalhoff, Birgitte Lausen & Kjeld Schmiegelow. (2009) DNA incorporation of 6-thioguanine nucleotides during maintenance therapy of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 66:3, pages 485-491.
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K Schmiegelow, M Heyman, G Gustafsson, B Lausen, F Wesenberg, J Kristinsson, K Vettenranta, H Schroeder, E Forestier & S Rosthoej. (2010) The degree of myelosuppression during maintenance therapy of adolescents with B-lineage intermediate risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia predicts risk of relapse. Leukemia 24:4, pages 715-720.
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Krzysztof Kuśmierek, Grażyna Chwatko, Rafał Głowacki & Edward Bald. (2009) Determination of endogenous thiols and thiol drugs in urine by HPLC with ultraviolet detection. Journal of Chromatography B 877:28, pages 3300-3308.
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Elham Mirmomtaz & Ali Asghar Ensafi. (2009) Voltammetric determination of trace quantities of 6-thioguanine based on the interaction with DNA at a mercury electrode. Electrochimica Acta 54:18, pages 4353-4358.
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L. A. CHRISTENSEN, J. F. DAHLERUP, M. J. NIELSEN, J. F. FALLINGBORG & K. SCHMIEGELOW. (2008) Azathioprine treatment during lactation. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 28:10, pages 1209-1213.
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Elham Mirmomtaz, Ali Asghar Ensafi & Hassan Karimi‐Maleh. (2008) Electrocatalytic Determination of 6‐Tioguanine at a p ‐Aminophenol Modified Carbon Paste Electrode . Electroanalysis 20:18, pages 1973-1979.
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Robert Zakrzewski. (2008) Application of the iodine–azide postcolumn reaction in RP‐HPLC for the determination of thioguanine in urine. Journal of Separation Science 31:12, pages 2199-2205.
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Anthony W. Butch. 2008. Handbook of Drug Monitoring Methods. Handbook of Drug Monitoring Methods 165 199 .
Sukirti Kalra, Manash K. Paul, Hemalatha Balaram & Anup Kumar Mukhopadhyay. (2007) Application of HPLC to study the kinetics of a branched bi-enzyme system consisting of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase and xanthine oxidase—an important biochemical system to evaluate the efficiency of the anticancer drug 6-mercaptopurine in ALL cell line. Journal of Chromatography B 850:1-2, pages 7-14.
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Päivi Halonen, Jorma Mattila, Anne Mäkipernaa, Tarja Ruuska & Kjeld Schmiegelow. (2006) Erythrocyte concentrations of metabolites or cumulative doses of 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate do not predict liver changes in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 46:7, pages 762-766.
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Cristiana Stefan, Warren Walsh, Tibor Banka, Khosrow Adeli & Zulfikarali Verjee. (2004) Improved HPLC methodology for monitoring thiopurine metabolites in patients on thiopurine therapy. Clinical Biochemistry 37:9, pages 764-771.
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Kjeld SchmiegelowOlle BjörkAnders GlomsteinGöran GustafssonNiels KeidingJon KristinssonAnne MäkipernaaSusanne RosthøjCarol SzumlanskiTine M SørensenRichard Weinshilboum. (2003) Intensification of Mercaptopurine/Methotrexate Maintenance Chemotherapy May Increase the Risk of Relapse for Some Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Journal of Clinical Oncology 21:7, pages 1332-1339.
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Maria Shipkova, Victor William Armstrong, Eberhard Wieland & Michael Oellerich. (2003) Differences in Nucleotide Hydrolysis Contribute to the Differences between Erythrocyte 6-Thioguanine Nucleotide Concentrations Determined by Two Widely Used Methods. Clinical Chemistry 49:2, pages 260-268.
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Maria Shipkova & N. von Ahsen. (2003) Therapie mit Thiopurin-Medikamenten TDM – und Pharmakogenomik der TPMT/Therapy with Thiopurine Drugs – TDM and Pharmacogenomics of TPMT. LaboratoriumsMedizin 27:5/6, pages 211-221.
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P Halonen, MK Salo, K Schmiegelow & A Mäkipernaa. (2007) Investigation of the mechanisms of therapy‐related hypoglycaemia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Acta Paediatrica 92:1, pages 37-42.
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K Schmiegelow & U Bretton-Meyer. (2001) 6-Mercaptopurine dosage and pharmacokinetics influence the degree of bone marrow toxicity following high-dose methotrexate in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 15:1, pages 74-79.
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Nilgün Günden Göğer, H.Kürşat Parlatan, Hasan Basan, Aysel Berkkan & Tuncel Özden. (1999) Quantitative determination of azathioprine in tablets by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 21:3, pages 685-689.
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Jens Bo Thomsen, Henrik Schr�der, Jon Kristinsson, Bibi Madsen, Carol Szumlanski, Richard Weinshilboum, Jesper Brandt Andersen & Kjeld Schmiegelow. (1999) Possible carcinogenic effect of 6-mercaptopurine on bone marrow stem cells. Cancer 86:6, pages 1080-1086.
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Yi Su, Yuen Yi Hon, YaQin Chu, Matthijs E.C. Van de Poll & Mary V. Relling. (1999) Assay of 6-mercaptopurine and its metabolites in patient plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 732:2, pages 459-468.
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M. Schmiegelow, H. Hertz, K. Schmiegelow, K. Holm & J. Müller. (1999) Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 During Maintenance Chemotherapy of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 21:4, pages 268-273.
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J Brandt Andersen, C Szumlanski, RM Weinshilboum & K Schmiegelow. (2007) Pharmacokinetics, dose adjustments, and 6‐mercaptopurine/ methotrexate drug interactions in two patients with thiopurine methyltransferase deficiency. Acta Paediatrica 87:1, pages 108-111.
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Kjeld Schmiegelow, Anders Glomstein, Jon Kristinsson, Toivo Salmi, Henrik Schrøder & Olle Björk. (1997) Impact of Morning Versus Evening Schedule for Oral Methotrexate and 6-Mercaptopurine on Relapse Risk for Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 19:2, pages 102-109.
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Erik C. Van Os, Jeffrey A. McKinney, Bradley J. Zins, Dennis C. Mays, Zachary H. Schriver, William J. Sandborn & James J. Lipsky. (1996) Simultaneous determination of azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 679:1-2, pages 147-154.
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C.W. Keuzenkamp-Jansen, R.A. De Abreu, J.P.M. Bökkerink & J.M.F. Trijbels. (1995) Determination of extracellular and intracellular thiopurines and methylthiopurines by high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 672:1, pages 53-61.
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Vibeke Mortensen Nerstroem, Ulla Henriksen, Peter E. Nielsen, Ole Buchardt, Kjeld Schmiegelow & Claus Koch. (2002) Monoclonal Antibodies to Thioguanine: Influence of Coupling Position on Fine Specificity. Bioconjugate Chemistry 5:4, pages 357-363.
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Kjeld Schmiegelow, Henrik Schr�der & Marianne Schmiegelow. (1994) Methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine maintenance therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: dose adjustments by white cell counts or by pharmacokinetic parameters?. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 34:3, pages 209-215.
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K Schmiegelow & N J Kriegbaum. (1993) 6-Thioguanine nucleotide accumulation in erythrocytes during azathioprine treatment for systemic connective tissue diseases: a possible index for monitoring treatment.. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 52:2, pages 152-154.
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Mohamed Jeebhay, Simphiwe Mbuli & Reinhard Uebel. (1993) Assessment of exposure to chloramphenicol and azathioprine among workers in a South African pharmaceutical plant. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 65:S1, pages S119-S122.
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Kjeld Schmiegelow & Ivan Bruunshuus. (1990) 6-Thioguanine nucleotide accumulation in red blood cells during maintenance chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and its relation to leukopenia. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology 26:4, pages 288-292.
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