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Original Article

How to diagnose cobalamin deficiency

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Pages 61-76 | Published online: 08 Jul 2009

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Read on this site (5)

. (1998) Symposium 4: Vitamin B12 and Folate Metabolism. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 58:sup228, pages 10-14.
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J. Møller, L. Christensen & K. Rasmussen. (1997) An external quality assessment study on the analysis of methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine in plasma. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 57:7, pages 613-619.
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Johan Lökk, Mats Nilsson, Bo Norberg, Olle Rudolphi, Herbert Sandström & Göran Westman. (1997) Controversies Around Vitamin B12 in Sweden. Hematology 2:4, pages 341-350.
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H. V. Markle & D. C. Greenway. (1996) Cobalamin. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 33:4, pages 247-356.
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Sabrina Hofmann, Julian Gebauer, Dušan Krnáč, Anja Prantz, Katarína Reiffová, Boris Rolinski & Rastislav Serbin. (2023) Development and validation of a simple HPLC‐MS/MS method for the quantification of methylmalonic acid in human serum without a derivatization step. Biomedical Chromatography 37:8.
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Nora Berghoff, Jan S. Suchodolski & Jörg M. Steiner. (2012) Association between serum cobalamin and methylmalonic acid concentrations in dogs. The Veterinary Journal 191:3, pages 306-311.
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Janine Baer & Mary St. Peter. (2011) Vitamin B12 Assessment and Intervention in Younger Adult Women. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners 7:2, pages 117-122.
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Valdemir Melechco Carvalho & Fernando Kok. (2008) Determination of serum methylmalonic acid by alkylative extraction and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical Biochemistry 381:1, pages 67-73.
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Geraldine J. Cuskelly, Kathleen M. Mooney & Ian S. Young. (2007) Folate and vitamin B 12 : friendly or enemy nutrients for the elderly . Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 66:4, pages 548-558.
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Kristina M von Castel-Roberts, Anne Louise Morkbak, Ebba Nexo, Claire A Edgemon, David R Maneval, Jonathan J Shuster, John F Valentine, Gail PA Kauwell & Lynn B Bailey. (2007) Holo-transcobalamin is an indicator of vitamin B-12 absorption in healthy adults with adequate vitamin B-12 status. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 85:4, pages 1057-1061.
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Saila Loikas, Pertti Koskinen, Kerttu Irjala, Minna Löppönen, Raimo Isoaho, Sirkka-Liisa Kivelä & Tarja-Terttu Pelliniemi. (2007) Renal impairment compromises the use of total homocysteine and methylmalonic acid but not total vitamin B12 and holotranscobalamin in screening for vitamin B12 deficiency in the aged. Clinical Chemical Laboratory Medicine 45:2.
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Henrik Birn. (2006) The kidney in vitamin B 12 and folate homeostasis: characterization of receptors for tubular uptake of vitamins and carrier proteins . American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 291:1, pages F22-F36.
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Mustafa Vakur Bor, Eva Lydeking-Olsen, Jan Møller & Ebba Nexø. (2006) A daily intake of approximately 6 μg vitamin B-12 appears to saturate all the vitamin B-12–related variables in Danish postmenopausal women%. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 83:1, pages 52-58.
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Kenneth McMartin. 2005. Sports Nutrition. Sports Nutrition 111 121 .
Massoud Pezshkeyan, Mohammed Norri .Roghieh Refahi .Abbas Afrasiabi .Mohammed Rahbani .Durdi Qujeq .. (2005) Relationship Between Hyperhomocysteinemia and Oxidative Stress with Severity of Atherosclerotic Lesion. Journal of Medical Sciences 5:4, pages 243-246.
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Lawrence R. Solomon. (2005) Cobalamin-responsive disorders in the ambulatory care setting: unreliability of cobalamin, methylmalonic acid, and homocysteine testing. Blood 105:3, pages 978-985.
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Claudia Beghé, Alisa Wilson & William B Ershler. (2004) Prevalence and outcomes of anemia in geriatrics: a systematic review of the literature. The American Journal of Medicine 116:7, pages 3-10.
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Karin Nilsson, Anders Isaksson, Lars Gustafson & Björn Hultberg. (2004) Clinical utility of serum holotranscobalamin as a marker of cobalamin status in elderly patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 42:6.
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Néjia Braham-Jmili, Hayet Ghorbel, Mondher Kortas, Hayet Ghorbel, Mohamed Kallel, Fethi Safta, Youssef Braham & Abderrazek Hedhili. (2004) Dosage du cobalt par spectrométrie d'absorption atomique et application à l'analyse de la vitamine B12. Revue Française des Laboratoires 2004:359, pages 39-44.
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Mary Ann Johnson, Albert R. DeChicchis, James F. Willott, Kelly J. Shea-Miller & Robert J. Nozza. 2004. Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging. Handbook of Clinical Nutrition and Aging 291 307 .
Anne Lise Bjørke Monsen & Per Magne Ueland. (2003) Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in diagnosis and risk assessment from infancy to adolescence. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 78:1, pages 7-21.
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M VrethemE Mattsson, H Hebelka, K Leerbeck, A Österberg, A-M Landtblom, B Balla, H Nilsson, M Hultgren, L Brattström & B Kågedal. (2016) Increased plasma homocysteine levels without signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis assessed by blood and cerebrospinal fluid homocysteine and methylmalonic acid. Multiple Sclerosis Journal 9:3, pages 239-245.
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Björn Hultberg, Karin Nilsson, Anders Isaksson & Lars Gustafson. (2013) Folate deficiency is a common finding in psychogeriatric patients. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 14:6, pages 479-484.
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Karin Nilsson, Lars Gustafson & Björn Hultberg. (2002) Optimal use of markers for cobalamin and folate status in a psychogeriatric population. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 17:10, pages 919-925.
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Takamichi Nakamura, Katsu Saionji, Yoshimitsu Hiejima, Hideo Hirayama, Kiichiro Tago, Hajime Takano, Munemasa Tajiri, Katsuji Hayashi, Masaki Kawabata, Makiko Funamizu, Yoshio Makita & Akira Hata. (2002) Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype, vitamin B12, and folate influence plasma homocysteine in hemodialysis patients. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 39:5, pages 1032-1039.
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Björn Hultberg, Anders Isaksson, Karin Nilsson & Lars Gustafson. (2001) Markers for the functional availability of cobalamin/folate and their association with neuropsychiatric symptoms in the elderly. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 16:9, pages 873-878.
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Ronald J. ElinWilliam E. Winter. (2001) Methylmalonic Acid. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 125:6, pages 824-827.
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Durdi Qujeq, Taghi Salehi Omran & Laia Hosini. (2001) Correlation between total homocysteine, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum of patients with myocardial infarction. Clinical Biochemistry 34:2, pages 97-101.
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Lone B Rasmussen, Lars Ovesen, Inge Bülow, Nils Knudsen, Peter Laurberg & Hans Perrild. (2000) Folate intake, lifestyle factors, and homocysteine concentrations in younger and older women. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 72:5, pages 1156-1163.
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M. Faurschou, O.J. Nielsen, M.K. Jensen & H.C. Hasselbalch. (2000) High prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia due to marginal deficiency of cobalamin or folate in chronic myeloproliferative disorders. American Journal of Hematology 65:2, pages 136-140.
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S.H. Kang, W. Wei & E.S. Yeung. (2000) On-column derivatization for the analysis of homocysteine and other thiols by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 744:1, pages 149-156.
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A. M. Hvas, S. Juul, L. U. Gerdes & E. Nexø. (2001) The marker of cobalamin deficiency, plasma methylmalonic acid, correlates to plasma creatinine. Journal of Internal Medicine 247:4, pages 507-512.
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A.‐M. Hvas, H. Vestergaard, L. U. Gerdes & E. Nexø. (2001) Physicians’ use of plasma methylmalonic acid as a diagnostic tool. Journal of Internal Medicine 247:3, pages 311-317.
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Lars Moelby, Karsten Rasmussen, Troels Ring & Gert Nielsen. (2000) Relationship between methylmalonic acid and cobalamin in uremia. Kidney International 57:1, pages 265-273.
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Björn Hultberg, Elmo Jensen, Ove Dehlin, Bo Hagberg, Gillis Samuelsson & Torbjörn Svensson. (1999) Concentrations of Plasma Methylmalonic Acid in 80-Year-Olds Show Only Weak Relation to Psychological Performance. cclm 37:10, pages 963-967.
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K. Björkegren & K. Svärdsudd. (2001) Elevated serum levels of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine in elderly people. A population‐based intervention study. Journal of Internal Medicine 246:3, pages 317-324.
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A. Lindgren, A. Lindgren, G. Lindstedt & A. F. Kilander. (2002) Advantages of serum pepsinogen A combined with gastrin or pepsinogen C as first‐line analytes in the evaluation of suspected cobalamin deficiency: a study in patients previously not subjected to gastrointestinal surgery. Journal of Internal Medicine 244:4, pages 341-349.
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Dieneke ZB van Asselt, Lisette CPGM de Groot, Wija A van Staveren, Henk J Blom, Ron A Wevers, Izak Biemond & Willibrord HL Hoefnagels. (1998) Role of cobalamin intake and atrophic gastritis in mild cobalamin deficiency in older Dutch subjects. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 68:2, pages 328-334.
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S Frémont, S Bieber, JN Dauendorffer, F Sarem, F Boisson, A Chango, P Canton & JP Nicolas. (1998) Évaluation du dosage immunoenzymatique par compétition de la vitamine B12 par la technique Cedia Boehringer sur un Hitachi 911. Immuno-analyse & Biologie Spécialisée 13:1, pages 43-48.
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P. Burman, J.-Y. Ma & F. A. Karlsson. 1998. Endocrine Autoimmunity and Associated Conditions. Endocrine Autoimmunity and Associated Conditions 243 267 .
KARIN NILSSON, LARS GUSTAFSON, ROGER F�LDT, ANDERS ANDERSON, IVAR VAARA, ROLAND NILSSON, BENGT ALM & BJ�RN HULTBERG. (1997) PLASMA METHYLMALONIC ACID IN RELATION TO SERUM COBALAMIN AND PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE IN A PSYCHOGERIATRIC POPULATION AND THE EFFECT OF COBALAMIN TREATMENT. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 12:1, pages 67-72.
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Etienne Joosten, Emmanuel Lesaffre & Reiner Riezler. (2009) Are different reference intervals for methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine necessary in elderly people?. European Journal of Haematology 57:3, pages 222-226.
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Herbert Sandström, Bo Norberg, Olle Rudolphi & Göran Westman. (1996) Cobalaminopenia in a postindustrial society: minimal incidence, age distribution, and differences by sex. Current Therapeutic Research 57:8, pages 599-605.
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