66
Views
86
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

A Steroid Enema, Budesonide, Lacking Systemic Effects for the Treatment of Distal Ulcerative Colitis or Proctitis

, , , , , & show all
Pages 9-12 | Received 11 Jun 1991, Accepted 25 Jul 1991, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (9)

Maisa I. Abdalla & Hans Herfarth. (2016) Budesonide for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 17:11, pages 1549-1559.
Read now
Laura Noddin Rosenberg & Mark A Peppercorn. (2010) Efficacy and safety of drugs for ulcerative colitis. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 9:4, pages 573-592.
Read now
Å. Nilsson. (2006) Optimizing management of distal ulcerative colitis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 41:5, pages 511-523.
Read now
B. Gustafsson, A. Miller-Larsson, C. G. A. Persson. (2001) Topical and Oral Anti-inflammatory Activity of Budesonide Compared with Oral Prednisolone in an Animal Model Using Allergen-induced Gut Mucosal Exudation of Plasma as a Marker. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 36:10, pages 1062-1066.
Read now
Peter L. Moses, Brad R. Moore, Nicholas Ferrentino, Steven P. Bensen & James A. Vecchio. (1998) Inflammatory bowel disease. Postgraduate Medicine 103:5, pages 77-102.
Read now
Åke Danielsson. (1996) Treatment of Distal Ulcerative Colitis with Nonsystemic Corticosteroid Enemas. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 31:10, pages 945-953.
Read now
A. J. Boyd, I. A. Sherman & F. G. Saibil. (1995) Effects of Plain and Controlled-Ileal-Release Budesonide Formulations in Experimental Ileitis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 30:10, pages 974-981.
Read now
P. G. Farup, ø. Hovde, F. A. Halvorsen, N. Raknerud & U. Brodin. (1995) Mesalazine Suppositories versus Hydrocortisone Foam in Patients with Distal Ulcerative Colitis:A Comparison of the Efficacy and Practicality of Two Topical Treatment Regimens. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 30:2, pages 164-170.
Read now
B. Gutafsson & C. G. A. Persson. (1992) Allergen-Induced Mucosal Exudation of Plasma into Rat Ileum and Its Inhibition by Budesonide. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 27:7, pages 587-593.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (77)

Yu. A. Shelygin, V. T. IvashkinE. A. Belousova, I. V. ReshetovI. V. Maev, S. I. Achkasov, D. I. Abdulganieva, O. A. Alekseeva, I. G. Bakulin, O. Yu. Barysheva, K. V. Bolikhov, A. V. Vardanyan, A. V. Veselov, V. V. Veselov, O. V. Golovenko, I. V. Gubonina, V. L. Denisenko, A. I. Dolgushina, V. N. Kashnikov, O. V. Knyazev, N. V. Kostenko, A. V. Lakhin, P. A. Makarchuk, A. I. Moskalev, B. A. Nanaeva, I. G. Nikitin, N. V. Nikitina, A. Kh. Odintsova, V. V. Omelyanovskiy, A. V. Оshchepkov, V. V. Pavlenko, E. A. PoluektovaS. I. Sitkin, O. I. Sushkov, L. V. Tarasova, A. V. Tkachev, V. M. Тimerbulatov, Yu. B. Uspenskaya, S. A. Frolov, O. V. Khlynova, E. Yu. Chashkova, O. V. Chesnokova, M. V. Shapina, A. A. SheptulinO. S. ShifrinT. V. Shkurko & O. B. Shchukina. (2023) Ulcerative colitis (K51), adults. Koloproktologia 22:1, pages 10-44.
Crossref
Claudia Fuxman, Beatriz Sicilia, María Eugenia Linares, Santiago García-López, Ramiro González Sueyro, Yago González-Lamac, Yamile Zabana, Joaquín Hinojosa, Manuel Barreiro-de Acosta, Domingo Balderramo, Deborah Balfour, Maricel Bellicoso, Pamela Daffra, Daniela Morelli, Marina Orsi, Astrid Rausch, Orlando Ruffinengo, Martín Toro, Alicia Sambuelli, Abel Novillo, Fernando Gomollón & Juan Andrés De Paula. (2023) Guía GADECCU 2022 para el tratamiento de la colitis ulcerosa. Adaptación y actualización de la Guía GETECCU 2020. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 46, pages S1-S56.
Crossref
Tim Raine, Stefanos Bonovas, Johan Burisch, Torsten Kucharzik, Michel Adamina, Vito Annese, Oliver Bachmann, Dominik Bettenworth, Maria Chaparro, Wladyslawa Czuber-Dochan, Piotr Eder, Pierre Ellul, Catarina Fidalgo, Gionata Fiorino, Paolo Gionchetti, Javier P Gisbert, Hannah Gordon, Charlotte Hedin, Stefan Holubar, Marietta Iacucci, Konstantinos Karmiris, Konstantinos Katsanos, Uri Kopylov, Peter L Lakatos, Theodore Lytras, Ivan Lyutakov, Nurulamin Noor, Gianluca Pellino, Daniele Piovani, Edoardo Savarino, Francesco Selvaggi, Bram Verstockt, Antonino Spinelli, Yves Panis & Glen Doherty. (2022) ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Ulcerative Colitis: Medical Treatment. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 16:1, pages 2-17.
Crossref
Beatriz Sicilia, Santiago García-López, Yago González-Lama, Yamile Zabana, Joaquín Hinojosa & Fernando Gomollón. (2020) Guía GETECCU 2020 para el tratamiento de la colitis ulcerosa. Elaborada con metodología GRADE. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 43, pages 1-57.
Crossref
V. T. Ivashkin, Yu. A. Shelygin, E. A. Belousova, D. I. Abdulganieva, O. A. Alekseeva, S. I. Achkasov, E. Yu. Valuiskikh, A. V. Vardanyan, A. V. Veselov, V. V. Veselov, O. V. Golovenko, I. V. Gubonina, T. N. Zhigalova, V. N. Kashnikov, O. V. Knyazev, P. A. Makarchuk, A. I. Moskaliev, B. A. Nanaeva, A. A. Nizov, N. V. Nikitina, N. N. Nikolaeva, V. V. Pavlenko, E. A. Poluektova, I. O. Svetlova, L. V. Tarasova, A. V. Tkachev, S. A. Frolov, O. V. Khlynova, E. Yu. Chashkova, M. V. Shapina, A. A. Sheptulin, O. S. Shifrin & O. B. Shchukina. (2019) PROJECT: CLINICAL GUIDELINES FOR THE DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS. Koloproktologia 18:4, pages 7-36.
Crossref
Sophie E. Berends, Anne S. Strik, Mark Löwenberg, Geert R. D’Haens & Ron A. A. Mathôt. (2018) Clinical Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis. Clinical Pharmacokinetics 58:1, pages 15-37.
Crossref
Colin B. Peirce & Matthew F. Kalady. 2019. Fundamentals of Anorectal Surgery. Fundamentals of Anorectal Surgery 531 554 .
Vipul Jairath, GY Zou, Claire E Parker, John K MacDonald, Turki AlAmeel, Mohammad Al Beshir, Majid A Almadi, Talal Al-Taweel, Nathan SS Atkinson, Sujata Biswas, Thomas Chapman, Parambir S Dulai, Mark A Glaire, Daniël R Hoekman, Andreas Koutsoumpas, Elizabeth Minas, Mahmoud H Mosli, Mark Samaan, Reena Khanna, Simon Travis, Geert D'Haens, William J Sandborn & Brian G Feagan. (2017) Placebo response and remission rates in randomised trials of induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017:9.
Crossref
M. Calafat, T. Lobatón, M. Mañosa, M. Larraín, N. Caballero, E. Cabré & E. Domènech. (2016) Requerimientos terapéuticos en el tratamiento de mantenimiento de la proctitis ulcerosa. Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal al Día 15:3, pages 87-92.
Crossref
Leslie M Higuchi, Brian P Regan & Athos Bousvaros. 2016. Textbook of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition. Textbook of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition 341 368 .
Mary E Sherlock, John K MacDonald, Anne Marie Griffiths, A Hillary Steinhart & Cynthia H Seow. (2015) Oral budesonide for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015:10.
Crossref
Russell D. Cohen & Sushila R. Dalal. (2015) Systematic Review. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 21:7, pages 1719-1736.
Crossref
Mahmoud H. Mosli, Brian G. Feagan, William J. Sandborn, Geert DʼHaens, Cynthia Behling, Keith Kaplan, David K. Driman, Lisa M. Shackelton, Kenneth A. Baker, John K. MacDonald, Margaret K. Vandervoort, Karel Geboes & Barrett G. Levesque. (2014) Histologic Evaluation of Ulcerative Colitis. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 20:3, pages 564-575.
Crossref
Seymour Katz. 2014. Medical Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis. Medical Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis 121 133 .
F. Magro, C. Langner, A. Driessen, A. Ensari, K. Geboes, G.J. Mantzaris, V. Villanacci, G. Becheanu, P. Borralho Nunes, G. Cathomas, W. Fries, A. Jouret-Mourin, C. Mescoli, G. de Petris, C.A. Rubio, N.A. Shepherd, M. Vieth & R. Eliakim. (2013) European consensus on the histopathology of inflammatory bowel disease. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 7:10, pages 827-851.
Crossref
Fernando Gomollón, Santiago García-López, Beatriz Sicilia, Javier P. Gisbert & Joaquín Hinojosa. (2013) Guía clínica GETECCU del tratamiento de la colitis ulcerosa elaborada con la metodología GRADE. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 36:8, pages e1-e47.
Crossref
Fernando Gomollón, Santiago García-López, Beatriz Sicilia, Javier P. Gisbert & Joaquín Hinojosa. (2013) The GETECCU clinical guideline for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: A guideline created using GRADE methodology. Gastroenterología y Hepatología 36:7, pages 483.e1-483.e46.
Crossref
Pascal Frei, Luc Biedermann, Christine N. Manser, Maike Wilk, Michael Manz, Stephan R. Vavricka & Gerhard Rogler. (2012) Topical Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Digestion 86:s1, pages 36-44.
Crossref
Volker Gross, Ivan Bunganic, Elena A. Belousova, Tatyana L. Mikhailova, Limas Kupcinskas, Gediminas Kiudelis, Zsolt Tulassay, Libor Gabalec, Andrey E. Dorofeyev, Jelena Derova, Karin Dilger, Roland Greinwald & Ralph Mueller. (2011) 3g mesalazine granules are superior to 9mg budesonide for achieving remission in active ulcerative colitis: A double-blind, double-dummy, randomised trial. Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 5:2, pages 129-138.
Crossref
Mary E Sherlock, Cynthia H Seow, A Hillary Steinhart & Anne Marie Griffiths. 1996. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
William J. Sandborn. 2010. Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflammatory Bowel Disease 415 443 .
Laurence J. Egan & Christian Maaser. 2009. Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 487 503 .
Sagar Garud, Alphonso Brown, Adam Cheifetz, Emily B. Levitan & Ciaran P. Kelly. (2007) Meta-Analysis of the Placebo Response in Ulcerative Colitis. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 53:4, pages 875-891.
Crossref
G. J. Mantzaris. 2008. IBD 2007 — Achievements in Research and Clinical Practice. IBD 2007 — Achievements in Research and Clinical Practice 189 207 .
V. Muratov, J. Lundahl, A. K. Ulfgren, K. Elvin, I. Fehrman, N. Ahlborg, Å. Öst, N. Hittel, A. Saniabadi & R. Löfberg. (2006) Down-regulation of interferon-γ parallels clinical response to selective leukocyte apheresis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 12-month follow-up study. International Journal of Colorectal Disease 21:6, pages 493-504.
Crossref
V. GROSS, S. BAR‐MEIR, A. LAVY, O. MICKISCH, Z. TULASSAY, L. PRONAI, L. KUPCINSKAS, G. KIUDELIS, J. POKROTNIEKS, Á. KOVÁCS, M. FASZCZYK, A. RAZBADAUSKAS, B. MARGUS, M. STOLTE, R. MÜLLER & R. GREINWALD. (2005) Budesonide foam versus budesonide enema in active ulcerative proctitis and proctosigmoiditis. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 23:2, pages 303-312.
Crossref
A. S. Peña & I. Marín-Jiménez. 2006. Colitis: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies. Colitis: Diagnosis and Therapeutic Strategies 98 110 .
William J. Sandborn. 2005. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Bench to Bedside. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Bench to Bedside 605 629 .
J. Schölmerich. (2004) Systemic and topical steroids in inflammatory bowel disease. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 20, pages 66-74.
Crossref
Philippe Seksik, Jean-François Contou, Philippe Ducrotté, Jean-Luc Faucheron & Vincent De Parades. (2004) Traitement de la rectocolite ulcéro-hémorragique dans sa forme distale. Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique 28:10, pages 964-973.
Crossref
Jeffry A Katz. (2004) Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease with corticosteroids. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 33:2, pages 171-189.
Crossref
A. Thiesen, G. E. Wild, M. Keelan, M. T. Clandinin & A. B. R. Thomson. (2003) Locally and systemically active glucocorticosteroids modify intestinal absorption of sugars in rats. Journal of Applied Physiology 94:2, pages 583-590.
Crossref
Hyo Jong Kim. (2003) Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Journal of the Korean Medical Association 46:7, pages 605.
Crossref
William J. Sandborn. 2003. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Bench to Bedside. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Bench to Bedside 605 629 .
Daniel K. Podolsky. (2002) Inflammatory Bowel Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 347:6, pages 417-429.
Crossref
Daniel A. Lombardi, Edward R. Feller & Samir A. Shah. (2002) Medical management of inflammatory bowel disease in the new millennium. Comprehensive Therapy 28:1, pages 39-49.
Crossref
A. Thiesen, G. E. Wild, M. Keelan, M. T. Clandinin, L. B. Agellon & A. B. R. Thomson. (2002) Locally and systemically active glucocorticosteroids modify intestinal absorption of lipids in rats. Lipids 37:2, pages 159-166.
Crossref
A. Sambuelli, L. Boerr, S. Negreira, A. Gil, G. Camartino, S. Huernos, Z. Kogan, A. Cabanne, A. Graziano, H. Peredo, I. Doldán, O. Gonzalez, E. Sugai, M. Lumi & J. C. Bai. (2002) Budesonide enema in pouchitis—a double‐blind, double‐dummy, controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 16:1, pages 27-34.
Crossref
R. J. F. Laheij, J. B. M. J. Jansen, A. L. M. Verbeek & F. W. A. Verheugt. (2001) Helicobacter pylori infection as a risk factor for gastrointestinal symptoms in patients using aspirin to prevent ischaemic heart disease . Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 15:7, pages 1055-1059.
Crossref
Diclehan Kilic, Seren Ozenirler, Ibrahim Egehan & Ayse Dursun. (2016) Sulfasalazine Decreases Acute Gastrointestinal Complications Due to Pelvic Radiotherapy. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 35:7-8, pages 806-810.
Crossref
K. Geboes. (2008) Pathology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD): variability with time and treatment. Colorectal Disease 3:1, pages 2-12.
Crossref
K. Geboes. (2001) Pathology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD): variability with time and treatment. Colorectal Disease 3:1, pages 2-12.
Crossref
Pilar Nos, Julio Ponce, Joaquín Hinojosa & Fernando Gomollón. (2001) Metaanálisis sobre la efectividad de la budesonida en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Medicina Clínica 116:2, pages 47-53.
Crossref
A Thiesen, G Wild, M Keelan, M T Clandinin, M McBurney, J Van Aerde & A BR Thomson. (2000) Ontogeny of intestinal nutrient transport. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 78:7, pages 513-527.
Crossref
Russell D Cohen, Douglas M Woseth, Ronald A Thisted & Stephen B Hanauer. (2000) A Meta-Analysis and Overview of The Literature on Treatment Options for Left-Sided Ulcerative Colitis and Ulcerative Proctitis. American Journal of Gastroenterology 95:5, pages 1263-1276.
Crossref
Pierre Michetti & Mark A. Peppercorn. (1999) MEDICAL THERAPY OF SPECIFIC CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 28:2, pages 353-370.
Crossref
Robert B. Stein & Stephen B. Hanauer. (1999) MEDICAL THERAPY FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 28:2, pages 297-321.
Crossref
Stephen B. Hanauer & Robert B. Stein. 1999. Operative Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Operative Strategies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease 138 149 .
I. Caesar, V. Gross, M. Roth, T. Andus, W. Hohenberger & J. Schölmerich. (1998) Steroidinduzierte Myopathie bei linksseitiger Colitis ulcerosaSteroid induced myopathia in left-sided ulcerative colitis. Coloproctology 20:1, pages 18-23.
Crossref
Inka Caesar, Volker Gross, Michael Roth, Tilo Andus, Werner Hohenberger & Jürgen Schölmerich. (1997) Steroidinduzierte Myopathie bei linksseitiger Colitis ulcerosaSteroid induced myopathia in left-sided ulcerative colitis. Medizinische Klinik 92:6, pages 358-362.
Crossref
]William R. Connell & Andrew C.F. Taylor. (1997) 8 Safety of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents in ulcerative colitis. Baillière's Clinical Gastroenterology 11:1, pages 111-128.
Crossref
Frank Richter & Wolfgang Scheppach. (1997) 7 Innovations in topical therapy. Baillière's Clinical Gastroenterology 11:1, pages 97-109.
Crossref
Brian R. Stotland & Gary R. Lichtenstein. (1996) NEWER TREATMENTS FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 23:3, pages 577-608.
Crossref
Samir A. Shah & Mark A. Peppercorn. (2012) A Comparative Review of Topical Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clinical Immunotherapeutics 6:2, pages 117-129.
Crossref
Stephen B. Hanauer. (1996) Inflammatory Bowel Disease. New England Journal of Medicine 334:13, pages 841-848.
Crossref
E. ARLANDER, Å. ÓST, D. STÅHLBERGS & R. LÓFBERG. (2007) Ropivacaine gel in active distal ulcerative colitis and proctitis—a pharmacokinetic and exploratory clinical study. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 10:1, pages 73-81.
Crossref
K. Dahlström, S. Edsbäcker & A. Källén. (1996) Rectal pharmacokinetics of budesonide. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 49:4, pages 293-298.
Crossref
M. LÉMANN, A. GALIAN, P. RUTGEERTS, R. VAN HEUVERZWIJN, A. CORTOT, J. M. VITEAU, A. ELEWAUT, J. BELAICHE, E. FROGUEL & R. MODIGLIANI. (2007) Comparison of budesonide and 5‐aminosalicylic acid enemas in active distal ulcerative colitis. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 9:5, pages 557-562.
Crossref
Alain Bitton & Mark A. Peppercorn. (1995) MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF SPECIFIC CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 24:3, pages 541-558.
Crossref
Stephen B. Hanauer & Michael I. Schulman. (1995) NEW THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 24:3, pages 523-540.
Crossref
A. J. H. M. van IERSSEL, A. VAN DER SLUYS VEER, H. W. VERSPAGET, G. GRIFFIOEN, R. A. van HOGEZAND & C. B. H. W. LAMERS. (2007) Budesonide and prednisolone suppress peripheral blood natural killer cells in Crohn's disease. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 9:2, pages 173-178.
Crossref
Alain Bitton & Mark A. Peppercorn. (1995) Medical therapy of ulcerative proctitis and proctosigmoiditis, including refractory disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 1:3, pages 207-219.
Crossref
Robert Löfberg. (1995) New steroids for inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 1:2, pages 135-141.
Crossref
R. LÖFBERG, O. ØSTERGAARD THOMSEN, E. LANGHOLZ, R. SCHIÖLER, Å. DANIELSSON, O. SUHR, H. GRAFFNER, L. PÅHLMAN, P. MATZEN, J. F. MØLLER‐PETERSEN, L. HALVORSEN, N. HOVDENAK, R. WILLEN, T. PERSSON & C. SEIDEGÅRD. (2007) Budesonide versus prednisolone retention enemas in active distal ulcerative colitis. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 8:6, pages 623-629.
Crossref
M. NYMAN‐PANTELIDIS, Å. NILSSON, Z. G‐WAGNER & O. BORGA. (2007) Pharmacokinetics and retrograde colonic spread of budesonide enemas in patients with distal ulcerative colitis. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 8:6, pages 617-622.
Crossref
S. TARPILA, U TURUNEN, K. SEPPÄLÄ, S. AUKEE, P. PIKKARAINEN, I. ELOMAAS†A‐L. KARVONENT, I. KÄÄRIÄINEN, P. SIPPONEN, E. TOIVANEN, B. HEIKIUS, S. NIEMELÄ, H. NURMI.H. TUNTURI‐HIHNALATT, W. R. BURNHAM, R. E. COWAN, K. R. HINE, T. PERSSON & L. SALDES. (2007) Budesonide enema active haemorrhagic proctitis—a controlled trial against hydrocortisone foam enema. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 8:6, pages 591-595.
Crossref
Å. DANIELSSON & H. PRYTZ. (2007) Oral budesonide for treatment of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 8:6, pages 585-590.
Crossref
Stephen B. Hanauer & Filip Baert. (1994) Medical therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Medical Clinics of North America 78:6, pages 1413-1426.
Crossref
R. FABIA, A. ArRAJAB, R. WILLÉN, R. BRATTSAND, M. ERLANSSON & E. SVENSJÖ. (2007) Topical anticolitic efficacy and selectivity of the glucocorticoid budesonide in a new model of acetic acid‐induced acute colitis in the rat. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 8:4, pages 433-446.
Crossref
Peter R. Gibson. (2012) Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clinical Immunotherapeutics 2:2, pages 134-160.
Crossref
Douglas S. Levine. 1994. 171 234 .
A. B. R. Thomson. 1994. Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflammatory Bowel Disease 385 423 .
R. LÖFBERG, Å. DANIELSSON & L. SALDE. (2007) Oral budesonide in active Crohn's disease. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 7:6, pages 611-616.
Crossref
M. CARPANI KASKI & H. J. F. HODGSON. (2007) Rolling review: inflammatory bowel diseas. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 7:5, pages 567-579.
Crossref
Å. DANIELSSON, S. EDSBÄCKER, R. LÖFBERG, Å. NILSSON, M. NYMAN‐PANTELIDIS, O. OLSSON, O. SUHR & R. WILLÉN. (2007) Pharmacokinetics of budesonide enema in patients with distal ulcerative colitis or proctitis. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 7:4, pages 401-407.
Crossref
Guido AdlerGuido Adler. 1993. Morbus Crohn Colitis ulcerosa. Morbus Crohn Colitis ulcerosa 211 231 .
Richard H. ffrench-Constant, Richard T. Roush & Flerida A. Cariño. 1993. Molecular Approaches to Fundamental and Applied Entomology. Molecular Approaches to Fundamental and Applied Entomology 1 37 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.