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Original Article

Hepatitis A Outbreak Amongst Intravenous Amphetamine Abusers in Finland

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Pages 213-216 | Received 03 Dec 1996, Accepted 19 Feb 1997, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

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Read on this site (7)

Sreelakshmi Kotha, ShuetFong Neong & Keyur Patel. (2018) Serum biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics 18:8, pages 713-722.
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DennisG. Fisher, GraceL. Reynolds, Adi Jaffe & MarioJ. Perez. (2006) Hepatitis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Co-Infection Among Injection Drug Users in Los Angeles County, California. Journal of Addictive Diseases 25:2, pages 25-32.
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Pirkko Turpeinen, Pauli Leinikki, Timo Seppälä, Heikki Forsman & Ulf-Göran Ahlfors. (1999) Drug abuse and viral hepatitis among psychiatric admissions to a Finnish psychiatric emergency ward. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry 53:2, pages 141-145.
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R. G. Pebody, P. Ruutu, H. Nohynek, P. Leinikki. (1999) Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Infection in Finland. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 31:3, pages 251-254.
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Mogens Jensenius, Signe Holta Ringertz, Dag Berild, Helge Bell, Rodolfo Espinoza, Bjørn Grinde. (1998) Prolonged Nosocomial Outbreak of Hepatitis A Arising from an Alcoholic with Pneumonia. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 30:2, pages 119-123.
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Kathrine Stene-Johansen, Kjell Skaug, Hans Blystad, Bjørn Grinde, The Hepatitis A Study Group. (1998) A Unique Hepatitis A Virus Strain Caused an Epidemic in Norway Associated with Intravenous Drug Abuse. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 30:1, pages 35-38.
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Shaina Logemann & Richard Blinkhorn. (2023) Acute Viral Hepatitis Due to Co-infection With Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B in an Intravenous Drug User. Cureus.
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Kuan-Yin Lin, Guan-Jhou Chen, Yu-Lin Lee, Yi-Chia Huang, Aristine Cheng, Hsin-Yun Sun, Sui-Yuan Chang, Chun-Eng Liu & Chien-Ching Hung. (2017) Hepatitis A virus infection and hepatitis A vaccination in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients: A review. World Journal of Gastroenterology 23:20, pages 3589.
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Melissa G. Collier, Jan Drobeniuc, Jazmine Cuevas-Mota, Richard S. Garfein, Saleem Kamili & Eyasu H. Teshale. (2015) Hepatitis A and B among young persons who inject drugs—Vaccination, past, and present infection. Vaccine 33:24, pages 2808-2812.
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David J Heal, Sharon L Smith, Jane Gosden & David J Nutt. (2013) Amphetamine, past and present – a pharmacological and clinical perspective. Journal of Psychopharmacology 27:6, pages 479-496.
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S. KURKELA, R. PEBODY, G. KAFATOS, N. ANDREWS, C. BARBARA, B. BRUZZONE, D. BUTUR, S. CAPLINSKAS, I. DAVIDKIN, A. HATZAKIS, W. HELLENBRAND, L. M. HESKETH, A. NARDONE, V. NEMECEK, A. PISTOL, Z. SOBOTOVÁ, R. VRANCKX & C. G. ANASTASSOPOULOU. (2012) Comparative hepatitis A seroepidemiology in 10 European countries. Epidemiology and Infection 140:12, pages 2172-2181.
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Richard Rawson, Rachel Gonzales & Walter Ling. 2011. Addiction Medicine. Addiction Medicine 495 510 .
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Jules L. Dienstag. (2008) Hepatitis A: The Vaccine Dividend. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 197:9, pages 1220-1222.
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L. Rodrigues, A. Pista, A. Oliveira, I. Água‐Doce, C. Manita & M.T. Paixão. (2007) Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis A virus in a group of Portuguese citizens living in Lisbon area. Journal of Medical Virology 79:5, pages 483-487.
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Lan Lin, Chris Verslype, Jos F. van Pelt, Marc van Ranst & Johan Fevery. (2006) Viral interaction and clinical implications of coinfection of hepatitis C virus with other hepatitis viruses. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 18:12, pages 1311-1319.
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Omana V. Nainan, Guoliang Xia, Gilberto Vaughan & Harold S. Margolis. (2006) Diagnosis of Hepatitis A Virus Infection: a Molecular Approach. Clinical Microbiology Reviews 19:1, pages 63-79.
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G.M.S. Tjon, H. Götz, A.G. Koek, O. de Zwart, P.L.J.M. Mertens, R.A. Coutinho & S.M. Bruisten. (2005) An outbreak of hepatitis A among homeless drug users in Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Journal of Medical Virology 77:3, pages 360-366.
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I. Bjarnason, F. Bissoli, A. Conforti, L. Maiden, N. Moore, U. Moretti, K.D. Rainsford, K. Takeuchi & G.P. Velo. 2005. Nimesulide — Actions and Uses. Nimesulide — Actions and Uses 315 415 .
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Naveed A Syed, Stephen D Hearing, Ian S Shaw, Christopher SJ Probert, Trevor N Brooklyn, E Owen Caul, Ralph E Barry & Joyshri Sarangi. (2003) Outbreak of hepatitis A in the injecting drug user and homeless populations in Bristol. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 15:8, pages 901-906.
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