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Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 3, 1973 - Issue 9
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Research Article

Species Variation in the Metabolism of R-(+)- and S-(-)-Nicotine by α-C- and N-Oxidation in vitro

P. Jenner Department of Pharmacy, Chelsea College (University of London), Manresa Road, London, SW3, UK
,
J. W. Gorrod Department of Pharmacy, Chelsea College (University of London), Manresa Road, London, SW3, UK
&
A. H. Beckett Department of Pharmacy, Chelsea College (University of London), Manresa Road, London, SW3, UK
Pages 573-580 | Received 25 Jan 1973, Published online: 14 Oct 2008

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M. NAKAJIMA, K. IWATA, T. YOSHIDA, T. YAMAMOTO & Y. KUROIWA. (1998) Diastereospecific kinetics of nicotine N-oxidation in rat liver microsomes. Xenobiotica 28:2, pages 127-134.
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Gabriel A. Kyerematen & Elliot S. Vesell. (1991) Metabolism of Nicotine. Drug Metabolism Reviews 23:1-2, pages 3-41.
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C. G. Nwosu & P. A. Crooks. (1988) Species Variation and Stereoselectivity in the Metabolism of Nicotine Enantiomers. Xenobiotica 18:12, pages 1361-1372.
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Bernard Testa, Peter Jenner, Arnold H. Beckett & John W. Gorrod. (1976) A Reappraisal of the Stereoselective Metabolism of Nicotine to Nicotine-l'-N-oxide. Xenobiotica 6:9, pages 553-556.
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D. M. Turner, A. K. Armitage, R. H. Briant & C. T. Dollery. (1975) Metabolism of Nicotine by the Isolated Perfused Dog Lung. Xenobiotica 5:9, pages 539-551.
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P. Jenner & B. Testa. (1974) The Influence of Stereochemical Factors on Drug Disposition. Drug Metabolism Reviews 2:1, pages 117-184.
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P. Jenner, J. W. Gorrod & A. H. Beckett. (1973) Factors Affecting the in vitro Metabolism of R-(+)-and S-(-)-Nicotine by Guinea-pig Liver Preparations. Xenobiotica 3:9, pages 563-572.
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A. H. Beckett, P. Jenner & J. W. Gorrod. (1973) Characterization of the Diastereoisomers of Nicotine-1′-N-Oxide, a Metabolite of Nicotine, and Other Possible Oxidation Products by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Xenobiotica 3:9, pages 557-562.
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M. J. Moerke, L. R. McMahon & J. L. Wilkerson. (2020) More than Smoke and Patches: The Quest for Pharmacotherapies to Treat Tobacco Use Disorder. Pharmacological Reviews 72:2, pages 527-557.
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Bethany G. Hoegberg, Ermelinda Lomazzo, Norman H. Lee & David C. Perry. (2015) Regulation of ?4?2?5 nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors in rat cerebral cortex in early and late adolescence: Sex differences in response to chronic nicotine. Neuropharmacology 99, pages 347-355.
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B Testa & P Jenner. (1976) The concept of regioselectivity in drug metabolism. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 28:10, pages 731-744.
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J D PhillipsonS S HandaJ W Gorrod. (1976) Metabolic TV-oxidation of atropine, hyoscine and the corresponding nor-alkaloids by guinea-pig liver microsomal preparations. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 28:9, pages 687-691.
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Janne Hukkanen, Pleyton JacobIIIIII & Neal L. Benowitz. (2005) Metabolism and Disposition Kinetics of Nicotine. Pharmacological Reviews 57:1, pages 79-115.
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John W. Gorrod & Georg Schepers. 1999. Analytical Determination of Nicotine and Related Compounds and their Metabolites. Analytical Determination of Nicotine and Related Compounds and their Metabolites 45 67 .
Neal L. Benowitz & Dorothy Hatsukami. (2006) Gender differences in the pharmacology of nicotine addiction. Addiction Biology 3:4, pages 383-404.
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C. Giachetti, A. Assandri, G. Mautone, E. Tajana, B. Palumbo & R. Palumbo. (1996) Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,5-[14C]-pyrrolidine (HEP, Epolamine) in male healthy volunteers. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 21:3, pages 261-268.
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Stephen P. Arneric, David J. Anderson, Anthony W. Bannon, Clark A. Briggs, Jerry J. Buccafusco, Jorge D. Brioni, John B. Cannon, Michael W. Decker, Diana Donnelly‐Roberts, Murali Gopalakrishnan, Mark W. Holladay, Jaroslav Kyncl, Kennan C. Marsh, James Pauly, Richard J. Radek, A. David Rodrigues & James P. Sullivan. (2006) Preclinical Pharmacology of ABT‐418: A Prototypical Cholinergic Channel Activator for the Potential Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. CNS Drug Reviews 1:1, pages 1-26.
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Richard D. Prather, Tri G. Tu, Clyde N. Rolf & Jane Gorsline. (2013) Nicotine Pharmacokinetics of Nicoderm ® (Nicotine Transdermal System) in Women and Obese Men Compared With Normal‐Sized Men . The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 33:7, pages 644-649.
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G. Schepers, K. Rustemeier, R. -A. Walk & U. Hackenberg. (1993) Metabolism of S-nicotine in noninduced and aroclor-induced rats. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 18:2, pages 187-197.
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M.J. Seaton & E.S. Vesell. (1993) Variables affecting nicotine metabolism. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 60:3, pages 461-500.
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P. A. Crooks. 1993. Nicotine and Related Alkaloids. Nicotine and Related Alkaloids 81 109 .
Alan F. Casy & George H. DewarAlan F. Casy & George H. Dewar. 1993. The Steric Factor in Medicinal Chemistry. The Steric Factor in Medicinal Chemistry 327 365 .
P. Hlavica & I. Golly. 1991. N-Oxidation of Drugs. N-Oxidation of Drugs 71 90 .
Peyton Jacob & Neal L. Benowitz. 1991. Effects of Nicotine on Biological Systems. Effects of Nicotine on Biological Systems 35 44 .
John W. Gorrod, Catherine M. C. Whittlesea & Siu Ping Lam. 1991. Biological Reactive Intermediates IV. Biological Reactive Intermediates IV 657 664 .
Gabriel A. Kyerematen, Monica Morgan, Genevieve Warner, Louis F. Martin & Elliot S. Vesell. (1990) Metabolism of nicotine by hepatocytes. Biochemical Pharmacology 40:8, pages 1747-1756.
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Peyton JacobIIIIII, Neal L. Benowitz, James R. Copeland, Marcus E. Risner & Edward J. Cone. (1988) Disposition Kinetics of Nicotine and Cotinine Enantiomers in Rabbits and Beagle Dogs. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 77:5, pages 396-400.
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G.David McCoy, Paul C. Howard & George J. DeMarco. (1986) Characterization of hamster liver nicotine metabolism. Biochemical Pharmacology 35:16, pages 2767-2773.
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John A. Thompson, Kenneth J. Norris & Dennis R. Petersen. (1985) Isolation and analysis of N-oxide metabolites of tertiary amines: Quantitation of nicotine-1′-N-oxide formation in mice. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 341, pages 349-359.
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K.C. Cundy & P.A. Crooks. (1983) Unexpected pehnomenon in the high-performance liquid chromatographic anlaysis of racemic 14C-labelled nicotine: Separation of enantiomers in a totally achiral system. Journal of Chromatography A 281, pages 17-33.
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J. W. Gorrod & A. R. Hibberd. (1982) The metabolism of nicotine-Δ1′(5′)-iminium ion,in vivo andin vitro. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 7:4, pages 293-298.
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Arun P. Kulkarni & Ernest Hodgson. (1980) Metabolism of insecticides by mixed function oxidase systems. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 8:2, pages 379-475.
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J. David Phillipson, Samia W. El-Dabbas & John W. Gorrod. (1978) Metabolism of morphine and codeine by guinea-pig liver microsomal preparations and by rats. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 3:2, pages 119-124.
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J.David Phillipson & S.S. Handa. (1975) Nicotine N-oxides. Phytochemistry 14:12, pages 2683-2690.
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J.W. GORROD & P. JENNER. 1975. 35 78 .

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