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Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 7, 1977 - Issue 11
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Research Article

Studies Related to the Metabolism of Anabolic Steroids in the Horse: 19-Nortestosterone

Pages 683-693 | Received 21 Jan 1977, Published online: 22 Sep 2008

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Read on this site (6)

J. Scarth, C. Akre, L. van Ginkel, B. Le Bizec, H. De Brabander, W. Korth, J. Points, P. Teale & J. Kay. (2009) Presence and metabolism of endogenous androgenic–anabolic steroid hormones in meat-producing animals: a review. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A 26:5, pages 640-671.
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E. Houghton & M. C. Dumasia. (1979) Studies related to the metabolism of anabolic steroids in the horse: testosterone. Xenobiotica 9:5, pages 269-279.
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Articles from other publishers (40)

Levent Dirikolu & Andreas F. Lehner. (2023) A review of current chemistry, pharmacology, and regulation of endogenous anabolic steroids testosterone, boldenone, and nandrolone in horses. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 46:4, pages 201-217.
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A. Schmitz, J. Zielinski, B. Dick & M. Mevissen. (2014) In vitro metabolism of testosterone in the horse liver and involvement of equine CYPs 3A89, 3A94 and 3A95 . Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 37:4, pages 338-347.
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Gaud Dervilly-Pinel, Lauriane Rambaud, Parina Sitthisack, Fabrice Monteau, S. Armstrong Hewitt, D. Glenn Kennedy & Bruno Le Bizec. (2011) 5α-Estrane-3β,17β-diol and 5β-estrane-3α,17β-diol: Definitive screening biomarkers to sign nandrolone abuse in cattle?. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 126:3-5, pages 65-71.
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James P. Scarth, Phil Teale & Tiia Kuuranne. (2011) Drug metabolism in the horse: a review. Drug Testing and Analysis 3:1, pages 19-53.
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Gaud Pinel, Lauriane Rambaud, Fabrice Monteau, Christopher Elliot & Bruno Le Bizec. (2010) Estranediols profiling in calves’ urine after 17β-nandrolone laureate ester administration. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 121:3-5, pages 626-632.
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Philip TealeEdward Houghton. (2010) Metabolism of anabolic steroids and their relevance to drug detection in horseracing. Bioanalysis 2:6, pages 1085-1107.
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Andrew R McKinney. (2009) Modern techniques for the determination of anabolic–androgenic steroid doping in the horse. Bioanalysis 1:4, pages 785-803.
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Ed Houghton & Steve Maynard. 2010. Doping in Sports. Doping in Sports 369 409 .
Philip B. Grace, Erica C. Drake, Philip Teale & Edward Houghton. (2008) Quantification of 19-nortestosterone sulphate and boldenone sulphate in urine from male horses using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 22:19, pages 2999-3007.
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Gaud Pinel, Lauriane Rambaud, Giuseppe Cacciatore, Aldert Bergwerff, Chris Elliott, Michel Nielen & Bruno Le Bizec. (2008) Elimination kinetic of 17β-estradiol 3-benzoate and 17β-nandrolone laureate ester metabolites in calves’ urine. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 110:1-2, pages 30-38.
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L. R. SOMA, C. E. UBOH, F. GUAN, S. MCDONNELL & J. PACK. (2007) Pharmacokinetics of boldenone and stanozolol and the results of quantification of anabolic and androgenic steroids in race horses and nonrace horses. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 30:2, pages 101-108.
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L. Dehennin, E. Petit, Y. Bonnaire, J.-F. Bruyas, B. Le Bizec & Ph. Plou. (2007) Urinary excretion of 5(10)-estrene-3β,17α-diol and estrone by the female horse: Complementary indicators of early pregnancy screened with regard to a putative anabolic doping practice. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 104:1-2, pages 85-91.
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L. DEHENNIN, Y. BONNAIRE & P. PLOU. (2010) Detection of nandrolone administration to the entire male horse by a provisional concentration threshold for urinary oestranediol determined by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Equine Veterinary Journal 39:2, pages 186-188.
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E. Houghton, P. Teale & M.C. Dumasia. (2007) Studies related to the origin of C18 neutral steroids isolated from extracts of urine from the male horse: The identification of urinary 19-oic acids and their decarboxylation to produce estr-4-en-17β-ol-3-one (19-nortestosterone) and estr-4-ene-3,17-dione (19-norandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione) during sample processing. Analytica Chimica Acta 586:1-2, pages 196-207.
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P. Anielski, D. Thieme, A. Schlupp, J. Grosse, F. Ellendorff & R. K. Mueller. (2005) Detection of testosterone, nandrolone and precursors in horse hair. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 383:6, pages 903-908.
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Andrew R. McKinney, Damon D. Ridley & Craig J. Suann. (2001) The metabolism of norethandrolone in the horse: characterization of 16-, 20- and 21-oxygenated metabolites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 36:2, pages 145-150.
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Bruno Le Bizec, Isabelle Gaudin, Fabrice Monteau, Fran�ois Andre, Sandra Impens, Katia De Wasch & Hubert De Brabander. (2000) Consequence of boar edible tissue consumption on urinary profiles of nandrolone metabolites. I. Mass spectrometric detection and quantification of 19-norandrosterone and 19-noretiocholanolone in human urine. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 14:12, pages 1058-1065.
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B. Le Bizec, F. Monteau, I. Gaudin & F. André. (1999) Evidence for the presence of endogenous 19-norandrosterone in human urine. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 723:1-2, pages 157-172.
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D. B. Gower, E. Houghton & A. T. Kicman. 1995. Steroid Analysis. Steroid Analysis 468 526 .
Claudia Schoene, Angus N. R. Nedderman & Edward Houghton. (1994) Preliminary study of the metabolism of 17α-methyltestosterone in horses utilizing gas chromatography–mass spectrometric techniques. The Analyst 119:12, pages 2537-2542.
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P.W. Tang, D.L. Crone, C.S. Chu, H.K. Yeung & K. Chan. (1993) Measuring the nandrolone threshold ratio by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 5α-estrane-3β,17α-diol. Analytica Chimica Acta 275:1-2, pages 139-146.
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E. Daeseleire, A. De Guesquière & C. Van Peteghem. (1993) Metabolism of 17β,19-nortestosterone in urine of calves after oral intake and intramuscular administration. Analytica Chimica Acta 275:1-2, pages 95-103.
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E. Houghton, L. Grainger, M. C. Dumasia & P. Teale. (1992) Application of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to steroid analysis in equine sports: Problems with enzyme hydrolysis. Organic Mass Spectrometry 27:10, pages 1061-1070.
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G. Debruyckere & C. Van Peteghem. (1991) Detection of 19-nortestosterone and its urinary metabolites in miniature pigs by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 564:2, pages 393-403.
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P. Teale & E. Houghton. (1991) The development of a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric screening procedure to detect the administration of anabolic steroids to the horse. Biological Mass Spectrometry 20:3, pages 109-114.
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E. Houghton, M.C. Dumasia, P. Teale, S.J. Smith, J. Cox, D. MarshaII & D.B. Gower. (1990) The use of stable isotopes and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the identification of steroid metabolites in the equine. Steroids 55:10, pages 433-439.
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Ping W. Tang & David L. Crone. (1989) A new method for hydrolyzing sulfate and glucuronyl conjugates of steroids. Analytical Biochemistry 182:2, pages 289-294.
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W. Haasnoot, R. Schilt, A.R.M. Hamers, F.A. Huf, A. Farjam, R.W. Frei & U.A.Th. Brinkman. (1989) Determination of β-19-nortestosterone and its metabolite α-19-nortestosterone in biological samples at the sub parts per billion level by high-performance liquid chromatography with on-line immunoaffinity sample pretreatment. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 489:1, pages 157-171.
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D. Courtot & P. Jaussaud. (1989) Originalité et spécificité du contrôle antidopage chez le cheval. Science & Sports 4:1, pages 15-24.
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Edward Houghton, Annette Ginn, Philip Teale, Minoo C. Dumasia & John Copsey. (1989) Comparison of the use of mass spectrometry and methylene unit values in the determination of the stereochemistry of estranediol, the major urinary metabolite of 19-nortestosterone in the horse. Journal of Chromatography A 479, pages 73-83.
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M. C. Dumasia & E. Houghton. (1988) Biotransformation of 1-dehydrotestosterone in the equine male castrate: Identification of the neutral unconjugated and glucuronic acid conjugated metabolites in horse urine. Biological Mass Spectrometry 17:5, pages 383-392.
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Lars O.G. Weidolf, Tina M.P. Chichila & Jack D. Henion. (1988) Screening, confirmation and quantification of boldenone sulfate in equine urine after administration of boldenone undecylenate (Equipoise™). Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 433, pages 9-21.
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E. HOUGHTON, ANNETTE GINN, P. TEALE, M. C. DUMASIA & M. S. MOSS. (2010) Detection of the administration of anabolic preparations of nandrolone to the entire male horse. Equine Veterinary Journal 18:6, pages 491-493.
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E. Houghton, M.C. Dumasia, P. Teale, M.S. Moss & Sharon Sinkins. (1986) Development of a gas chromatographic—mass spectrometric method using multiple analytes for the confirmatory analysis of anabolic steroid residues in horse urine. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 383, pages 1-8.
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Minoo C. Dumasia, Edward Houghton & Sharon Sinkins. (1986) Development of a gas chromatographic—mass spectrometric method using multiple analytes for the confirmatory analysis of anabolic steroids in horse urine. Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 377, pages 23-33.
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Robert Massé, Claude Laliberté, Lyne Tremblay & Robert Dugal. (1985) Gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of 19-nortestosterone urinary metabolites in man. Biological Mass Spectrometry 12:3, pages 115-121.
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E. Houghton, J. Copsey, M. C. Dumasia, P. E. Haywood, M. S. Moss & P. Teale. (1984) The identification of C-18 neutral steroids in normal stallion urine. Biological Mass Spectrometry 11:2, pages 96-99.
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M. C. Dumasia, E. Houghton, Carol V. Bradley & D. H. Williams. (1983) Studies related to the metabolism of anabolic steriods in the horse: The metabolism of 1-dehydrotestosterone and the use of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry in the identification of steroid conjugates. Biological Mass Spectrometry 10:7, pages 434-440.
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E. Houghton & P. Teale. (1981) Capillary column gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis of anabolic steroid residues using splitless injections made at elevated temperatures. Biological Mass Spectrometry 8:8, pages 358-361.
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. (2012) PROCEEDINGS OF THE BRITISH PHARMACOLOGICAL SOCIETY: 30th‐31st March, 1977: UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL COMMUNICATIONS. British Journal of Pharmacology 60:2.
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