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Xenobiotica
the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
Volume 26, 1996 - Issue 10
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Original Article

Characterization of brimonidine metabolism with rat, rabbit, dog, monkey and human liver fractions and rabbit liver aldehyde oxidase

A. A. Acheampong Departments of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
D-S. Chien Miles Inc., West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
,
S. Lam Departments of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
S. Vekich Departments of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
A. Breau Departments of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
J. Usansky Departments of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
D. Harcourt Departments of Synthetic Chemistry, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
S. A. Munk Departments of Synthetic Chemistry, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
H. Nguyen Departments of Synthetic Chemistry, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
,
M. Garst Departments of Synthetic Chemistry, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
&
D. Tang-Liu Departments of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Allergan, 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, CA, 92713, USA
 show all
Pages 1035-1055 | Received 14 May 1996, Published online: 27 Aug 2009

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Narges Cheshmazar, Siavoush Dastmalchi, Mineko Terao, Enrico Garattini & Maryam Hamzeh-Mivehroud. (2019) Aldehyde oxidase at the crossroad of metabolism and preclinical screening. Drug Metabolism Reviews 51:4, pages 428-452.
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Austin C. Li, Donghui Cui, Erya Yu, Kyle Dobson, Edward T. Hellriegel & Philmore Robertson Jr. (2019) Identification and human exposure prediction of two aldehyde oxidase-mediated metabolites of a methylquinoline-containing drug candidate. Xenobiotica 49:3, pages 302-312.
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Tomoyuki Isobe, Masayuki Ohta, Yoshio Kaneko & Hiroyuki Kawai. (2016) Species differences in metabolism of ripasudil (K-115) are attributed to aldehyde oxidase. Xenobiotica 46:7, pages 579-590.
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Lana X Tong & Angela Yen Moore. (2014) Brimonidine tartrate for the treatment of facial flushing and erythema in rosacea. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology 7:5, pages 567-577.
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Enrico Garattini & Mineko Terao. (2012) The role of aldehyde oxidase in drug metabolism. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 8:4, pages 487-503.
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Mamun Q Rahman, Kanna Ramaesh & Donald MI Montgomery. (2010) Brimonidine for glaucoma. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety 9:3, pages 483-491.
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J. Ni, J. Rowe, T. Heidelbaugh, S. Sinha & A. Acheampong. (2007) Characterization of benzimidazole and other oxidative and conjugative metabolites of brimonidine and in rats using on-line H/D exchange LC-MS/MS and stable-isotope tracer techniques. Xenobiotica 37:2, pages 205-220.
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D. O’Connor, P. Jones, M. S. Chambers, R. Maxey, H. J. Szekeres, N. Szeto, P. Scott-Stevens, A. M. Macleod, M. Braun & B. Cato. (2006) Aldehyde oxidase and its contribution to the metabolism of a structurally novel, functionally selective GABAA α5-subtype inverse agonist. Xenobiotica 36:4, pages 315-330.
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Articles from other publishers (22)

Anam Hammid, John K. Fallon, Kati-Sisko Vellonen, Toni Lassila, Mika Reinisalo, Arto Urtti, Francisco Gonzalez, Ari Tolonen, Philip C. Smith & Paavo Honkakoski. (2023) Aldehyde oxidase 1 activity and protein expression in human, rabbit, and pig ocular tissues. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, pages 106603.
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Slobodan P. Rendić, Rachel D. Crouch & F. Peter Guengerich. (2022) Roles of selected non-P450 human oxidoreductase enzymes in protective and toxic effects of chemicals: review and compilation of reactions. Archives of Toxicology 96:8, pages 2145-2246.
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Xiaoyan Pang, Chongzhuang Tang, Runcong Guo & Xiaoyan Chen. (2022) Non-cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics: Focus on the regulation of gene expression and enzyme activity. Pharmacology & Therapeutics 233, pages 108020.
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Albert P. Li. 2021. Transporters and Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity. Transporters and Drug‐Metabolizing Enzymes in Drug Toxicity 79 137 .
Nenad Manevski, Lloyd King, William R. Pitt, Fabien Lecomte & Francesca Toselli. (2019) Metabolism by Aldehyde Oxidase: Drug Design and Complementary Approaches to Challenges in Drug Discovery. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 62:24, pages 10955-10994.
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Cristiano Mota, Catarina Coelho, Silke Leimkühler, Enrico Garattini, Mineko Terao, Teresa Santos-Silva & Maria João Romão. (2018) Critical overview on the structure and metabolism of human aldehyde oxidase and its role in pharmacokinetics. Coordination Chemistry Reviews 368, pages 35-59.
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Yasushi Yamazoe & Kouichi Yoshinari. (2017) Prediction of regioselectivity and preferred order of metabolisms on CYP1A2-mediated reactions. Part 2: Solving substrate interactions of CYP1A2 with non-PAH substrates on the template system. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 32:5, pages 229-247.
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Adnan A. Kadi, Nasser S. Al-Shakliah, Wencui Yin & A.F.M. Motiur Rahman. (2017) In vitro investigation of metabolic profiling of newly developed topoisomerase inhibitors (ethyl fluorescein hydrazones, EtFLHs) in RLMs by LC–MS/MS. Journal of Chromatography B 1054, pages 93-104.
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A.F.M. Motiur Rahman, Nasser S. Al-Shakliah, Wencui Yin & Adnan A. Kadi. (2017) In vitro Investigation of Metabolic Profiling of a Potent Topoisomerase Inhibitors Fluorescein Hydrazones (FLHs) in RLMs by LC-MS/MS. Journal of Chromatography B 1054, pages 27-35.
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Yuan Xu, Liang Li, Yulan Wang, Jing Xing, Lei Zhou, Dafang Zhong, Xiaomin Luo, Hualiang Jiang, Kaixian Chen, Mingyue Zheng, Pan Deng & Xiaoyan Chen. (2017) Aldehyde Oxidase Mediated Metabolism in Drug-like Molecules: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 60:7, pages 2973-2982.
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Deepak Dalvie, Hao Sun, Cathie Xiang, Qiyue Hu, Ying Jiang & Ping Kang. (2012) Effect of Structural Variation on Aldehyde Oxidase-Catalyzed Oxidation of Zoniporide. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 40:8, pages 1575-1587.
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Alexander V. LyubimovMichael Zientek, Ping Kang, Matthew J. Hutzler & Scott R. Obach. 2011. Encyclopedia of Drug Metabolism and Interactions. Encyclopedia of Drug Metabolism and Interactions 1 59 .
Mukesh K. Mahajan, Vinita Uttamsingh, J. Scott Daniels, Liang-Shang Gan, Barbara W. LeDuc & David A. Williams. (2011) In Vitro Metabolism of Oxymetazoline: Evidence for Bioactivation to a Reactive Metabolite. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 39:4, pages 693-702.
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David C. Pryde, Deepak Dalvie, Qiyue Hu, Peter Jones, R. Scott Obach & Thien-Duc Tran. (2010) Aldehyde Oxidase: An Enzyme of Emerging Importance in Drug Discovery. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 53:24, pages 8441-8460.
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Deepak Dalvie, Chenghong Zhang, Weichao Chen, Teresa Smolarek, R. Scott Obach & Cho-Ming Loi. (2010) Cross-Species Comparison of the Metabolism and Excretion of Zoniporide: Contribution of Aldehyde Oxidase to Interspecies Differences. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 38:4, pages 641-654.
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Kunio Itoh, Tasuku Asakawa, Kouichi Hoshino, Mayuko Adachi, Kensuke Fukiya, Nobuaki WatanabeYorihisa Tanaka. (2009) Functional Analysis of Aldehyde Oxidase Using Expressed Chimeric Enzyme between Monkey and Rat. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 32:1, pages 31-35.
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Deepak Dalvie, Theresa Cosker, Tracey Boyden, Sue Zhou, Clinton Schroeder & Michael J. Potchoiba. (2008) Metabolism Distribution and Excretion of a Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Inhibitor, 4-[4-(4-Fluorophenoxy)-benzenesulfonylamino]tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic Acid Hydroxyamide (CP-544439), in Rats and Dogs: Assessment of the Metabolic Profile of CP-544439 in Plasma and Urine of Humans. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 36:9, pages 1869-1883.
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Tasuku Asakawa, Kunio Itoh, Mayuko Adachi, Kouichi Hoshino, Nobuaki WatanabeYorihisa Tanaka. (2008) Properties of 130 kDa Subunit of Monkey Aldehyde Oxidase. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 31:3, pages 380-385.
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Kouichi Hoshino, Kunio Itoh, Akiko Masubuchi, Mayuko Adachi, Tasuku Asakawa, Nobuaki WatanabeToshiyuki KosakaYorihisa Tanaka. (2007) Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of Male Cynomolgus Monkey Liver Aldehyde Oxidase. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 30:7, pages 1191-1198.
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Shigeyuki Kitamura, Kazumi Sugihara & Shigeru Ohta. (2006) Drug-Metabolizing Ability of Molybdenum Hydroxylases. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 21:2, pages 83-98.
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Dieter Lang & Amit Kalgutkar. 2003. Drug Metabolizing Enzymes. Drug Metabolizing Enzymes 483 539 .
Andrew A. Acheampong, Martha Shackleton, Brian John, James Burke, Larry Wheeler & Diane Tang-Liu. (2002) Distribution of Brimonidine into Anterior and Posterior Tissues of Monkey, Rabbit, and Rat Eyes. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 30:4, pages 421-429.
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