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Original Article

Ocular esterase composition in albino and pigmented rabbits: Possible implications in ocular prodrug design and evaluation

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Pages 1117-1125 | Received 18 Jun 1985, Accepted 26 Sep 1985, Published online: 02 Jul 2009

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Stephan Reichl, Christian Kölln, Matthias Hahne & Jessica Verstraelen. (2011) In vitro cell culture models to study the corneal drug absorption. Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 7:5, pages 559-578.
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Sreeraj Macha, Sridhar Duvvuri & Ashim K. Mitra. (2004) Ocular disposition of novel lipophilic diester prodrugs of ganciclovir following intravitreal administration using microdialysis. Current Eye Research 28:2, pages 77-84.
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Franz-Josef Leinweber. (1991) Drug Disposition in the Mammalian Eye and Brain: A Comparison of Mechanisms. Drug Metabolism Reviews 23:1-2, pages 133-246.
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Wei Wang, Hans Bundgaard, Anders Buur & Vincent H.L. Lee. (1991) Corneal penetration of 5-fluorouracil and its improvement by prodrug derivatization in the albino rabbit: implication in glaucoma filtration surgery. Current Eye Research 10:1, pages 87-97.
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Emma M. Heikkinen, Eva M. del Amo, Veli-Pekka Ranta, Arto Urtti, Kati-Sisko Vellonen & Marika Ruponen. (2018) Esterase activity in porcine and albino rabbit ocular tissues. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 123, pages 106-110.
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Yong Chen & Yogeshvar N. Kalia. (2018) Short-duration ocular iontophoresis of ionizable aciclovir prodrugs: A new approach to treat herpes simplex infections in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 536:1, pages 292-300.
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Verena Santer, Sergio del Río Sancho, Maria Lapteva & Yogeshvar N. Kalia. (2017) Targeted intracorneal delivery—Biodistribution of triamcinolone acetonide following topical iontophoresis of cationic amino acid ester prodrugs. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 525:1, pages 43-53.
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Marta Rodriguez-Aller, Davy Guillarme, Mohamed El Sanharawi, Francine Behar-Cohen, Jean-Luc Veuthey & Robert Gurny. (2013) In vivo distribution and ex vivo permeation of cyclosporine A prodrug aqueous formulations for ocular application. Journal of Controlled Release 170:1, pages 153-159.
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Nello Mainolfi, James Powers, Jakal Amin, Debby Long, Wendy Lee, Margaret E. McLaughlin, Bruce Jaffee, Christopher Brain, Jason Elliott & Jeremy M. Sivak. (2013) An Effective Prodrug Strategy to Selectively Enhance Ocular Exposure of a Cannabinoid Receptor (CB 1/2 ) Agonist . Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 56:13, pages 5464-5472.
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Philippe DaullChristopher A. PatersonBaruch D. KuppermannJean-Sébastien Garrigue. (2013) A Preliminary Evaluation of Dexamethasone Palmitate Emulsion: A Novel Intravitreal Sustained Delivery of Corticosteroid for Treatment of Macular Edema. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 29:2, pages 258-269.
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Megha Barot, Mitesh Patel, Deep Kwatra & Ashim K. Mitra. 2013. Ocular Transporters and Receptors. Ocular Transporters and Receptors 229 248 .
Chandrasena R. Pamulapati & Ronald D. Schoenwald. (2011) Ocular Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Tetrahydroquinoline Analog in Rabbit: Absorption, Disposition, and Non-compartmental Analysis. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 100:12, pages 5315-5323.
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Adriana L. Andrade, Kenneth Melich, G. Gregory Whatley, Sarah R. Kirk & Jeffrey W. Karpen. (2011) Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Block by Hydrolysis-Resistant Tetracaine Derivatives. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 54:13, pages 4904-4912.
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Donald J. AbrahamPaul W. Erhardt, Rahul Khupse, Jeffrey G. Sarver & Jill A. Trendel. 2003. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery 219 288 .
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Mayssa Attar & Jie Shen. 2008. Ocular Transporters In Ophthalmic Diseases And Drug Delivery. Ocular Transporters In Ophthalmic Diseases And Drug Delivery 375 397 .
G. Cavallaro, L. Maniscalco, G. Giammona, C. Civiale, M.G. Mazzone & V. Enea. (2004) Chemical conjugation of dexamethasone to a polyaspartamide and in vitro evaluation studies. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 14:5, pages 373-381.
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Ronald Schoenwald. 2003. Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems, Second Edition. Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems, Second Edition 135 179 .
James Chastain. 2003. Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems, Second Edition. Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems, Second Edition 59 107 .
Giridhar S. Tirucherai, Clapton Dias & Ashim K. Mitra. (2002) Corneal Permeation of Ganciclovir: Mechanism of Ganciclovir Permeation Enhancement by Acyl Ester Prodrug Design. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 18:6, pages 535-548.
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Sreeraj Macha & Ashim K. Mitra. (2002) Ocular Disposition of Ganciclovir and Its Monoester Prodrugs following Intravitreal Administration Using Microdialysis. Drug Metabolism and Disposition 30:6, pages 670-675.
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Clapton S. Dias, Banmeet S. Anand & Ashim K. Mitra. (2002) Effect of Mono‐ and Di‐acylation on the Ocular Disposition of Ganciclovir: Physicochemical Properties, Ocular Bioreversion, and Antiviral Activity of Short Chain Ester Prodrugs. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 91:3, pages 660-668.
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C. Geraldine M. Jordan. (1998) How an Increase in the Carbon Chain Length of the Ester Moiety Affects the Stability of a Homologous Series of Oxprenolol Esters in the Presence of Biological Enzymes. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 87:7, pages 880-885.
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Ronald D. Schoenwald, Veneeta Tandon, Dale Eric Wurster & Charles F. Barfknecht. (1998) Significance of melanin binding and metabolism in the activity of 5-acetoxyacetylimino-4-methyl-Δ2-1,3,4,-thiadiazoline-2-sulfonamide1This paper represents a partial fulfillment of Ph.D. degree requirements (V. Tandon) and does not represent either information or contribution of any kind from the FDA.1. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics 46:1, pages 39-50.
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Vincent Baeyens & Robert Gurny. (1997) Chemical and physical parameters of tears relevant for the design of ocular drug delivery formulations. Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae 72:4, pages 191-202.
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C. Geraldine, M. Jordan, Gordon W. Davis & Richard F. Timoney. (1996) Studies showing the effect of enzymes on the stability of ester prodrugs of propranolol and oxprenolol in biological samples. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 141:1-2, pages 125-135.
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Tomi Järvinen & Kristiina Järvinen. (1996) Prodrugs for improved ocular drug delivery. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 19:2, pages 203-224.
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Tomi Järvinen, Minna Poikolainen, Pekka Suhonen, Jouko Vepsäläinen, Sakari Alaranta & Arto Urtti. (1995) Comparison of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Pilocarpine Prodrugs in Human Plasma, Rabbit Cornea, and Butyrylcholinesterase Solutions. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 84:5, pages 656-660.
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DER-YANG LEE, RONALD D. SCHOENWALD & CHARLES F. BARFKNECHT. (1992) Biopharmaceutical Explanation for the Topical Activity of 6-Hydroxyethoxy-2-Benzothiazolesulfonamide in the Rabbit Eye. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 8:3, pages 247-265.
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Vincent H.L Lee & Vincent H.K Li. (1989) Prodrugs for improved ocular drug delivery. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 3:1, pages 1-38.
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Hans Bundgaard, Anders Buur, Shih-Chieh Chang & Vincent H.L. Lee. (1986) Prodrugs of timolol for improved ocular delivery: synthesis, hydrolysis kinetics and lipophilicity of various timolol esters. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 33:1-3, pages 15-26.
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Hans Bundgaard, Erik Falch, Claus Larsen, Gerold L. Mosher & Thomas J. Mikkelson. (1986) Pilocarpine Prodrugs II. Synthesis, Stability, Bioconversion, and Physicochemical Properties of Sequentially Labile Pilocarpine Acid Diesters. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 75:8, pages 775-783.
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VINCENT H.L. LEE & JOSEPH R. ROBINSON. (1986) Topical Ocular Drug Delivery: Recent Developments and Future Challenges. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2:1, pages 67-108.
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