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British Journal of Audiology Volume 22, 1988 - Issue 2
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Original Article

A comparison of four methods of implementing automatic gain control (AGC) in hearing aids

Brian C. J. Moore Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EB
&
Brian R. Glasberg Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EB
Pages 93-104 | Received 24 Aug 1987, Published online: 12 Oct 2009

Citations (67)

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Mahmoud Keshavarzi, Thomas Baer & Brian C. J. Moore. (2018) Evaluation of a multi-channel algorithm for reducing transient sounds. International Journal of Audiology 57:8, pages 624-631.
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Niek J. Versfeld & S. Theo Goverts. (2013) The effect of a carrier phrase on hearing aid amplification of single words in quiet. International Journal of Audiology 52:3, pages 189-193.
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Patrick J. Boyle, Andreas Büchner, Michael A. Stone, Thomas Lenarz & Brian C.J. Moore. (2009) Comparison of dual-time-constant and fast-acting automatic gain control (AGC) systems in cochlear implants. International Journal of Audiology 48:4, pages 211-221.
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Stuart Gatehouse, Graham Naylor & Claus Elberling. (2006) Linear and nonlinear hearing aid fittings – 1. Patterns of benefit. International Journal of Audiology 45:3, pages 130-152.
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A. Goedegebure, M. Goedegebure-Hulshof, W.A. Dreschler & J. Verschuure. (2005) Evaluation of phoneme compression schemes designed to compensate for temporal and spectral masking in background noise. International Journal of Audiology 44:11, pages 647-655.
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Brian C. J. Moore, Thomas H. Stainsby, José I. Alcántara & Volker Ku¨hnel. (2004) The effect on speech intelligibility of varying compression time constants in a digital hearing aid. International Journal of Audiology 43:7, pages 399-409.
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André Goedegebure, Marieke Hulshof, Ronald J.J. Maas, Wouter A. Dreschler & Hans Verschuure. (2001) Effects of Single-Channel Phonemic Compression Schemes on the Understanding of Speech by Hearing-Impaired Listeners:Efectos de los esquemas de compresión fonémica en un canal en unico sobre la comprensión del lenguaje en personas con impedimentos auditivos. Audiology 40:1, pages 10-25.
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B. C. J. Moore. (2000) Use of a Loudness Model for Hearing Aid Fitting. IV. Fitting Hearing Aids with Multi-Channel Compression so as to Restore ‘Normal’ Loudness for Speech at Different Levels. British Journal of Audiology 34:3, pages 165-177.
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B. C. J. Moore, B. R. Glasberg & M. A. Stone. (1999) Use of a loudness model for hearing aid fitting: III. A general method for deriving initial fittings for hearing aids with multi-channel compression. British Journal of Audiology 33:4, pages 241-258.
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B. C. J. Moore, J. I. Alcantara, M. A. Stone & B. R. Glasberg. (1999) Use of a loudness model for hearing aid fitting: II. Hearing aids with multi-channel compression. British Journal of Audiology 33:3, pages 157-170.
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Brian C. J. Moore$suffix/text()$suffix/text() & Brian R. Glasberg. (1998) Use of a Loudness Model for Hearing-Aid Fitting. I. Linear Hearing Aids. British Journal of Audiology 32:5, pages 317-335.
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Hiroshi Hidaka, Tetsuaki Kawase, Shin Takahashi, Yôiti Suzuki, Kenji Ozawa, Syuichi Sakamoto, Naoko Sasaki, Koji Hirano, Narihisa Ueda, Toshio Sone & Tomonori Takasaka. (1998) Clinical Evaluation of a Portable Digital Hearing Aid with Narrow-band Loudness Compensation. Scandinavian Audiology 27:4, pages 225-236.
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Michael A. Stone, Brian C.J. Moore, Magdalena Wojtczak & Emma Gudgin. (1997) Effects of fast-acting high-frequency compression on the intelligibility of speech in steady and fluctuating background sounds. British Journal of Audiology 31:4, pages 257-273.
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Brian C.J. Moore, Brian R. Glasberg & Deborah A. Vickers. (1995) Simulation of the effects of loud ness recruitment on the intelligibility of speech in noise. British Journal of Audiology 29:3, pages 131-143.
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Louise Hickson, Barbara Dodd & Denis Byrne. (1995) Consonant Perception with Linear and Compression Amplification. Scandinavian Audiology 24:3, pages 175-184.
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Michael A. Stone & Brian C. J. Moore. (1992) Syllabic compression: Effective compression ratios for signals modulated at different rates. British Journal of Audiology 26:6, pages 351-361.
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Wouter A. Dreschler. (1992) Fitting Multichannel-Compression Hearing Aids. Audiology 31:3, pages 121-131.
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Brian C. J. Moore, Brian R. Glasberg & Michael A. Stone. (1991) Optimization of a slow-acting automatic gain control system for use in hearing aids. British Journal of Audiology 25:3, pages 171-182.
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Brian C. J. Moore. (1990) How Much Do We Gain by Gain Control in Hearing Aids?. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 109:sup469, pages 250-256.
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B. Kollmeier. (1990) Speech Enhancement by Filtering in the Loudness Domain. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 109:sup469, pages 207-214.
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Articles from other publishers (47)

Brian C. J. Moore. (2022) Listening to Music Through Hearing Aids: Potential Lessons for Cochlear Implants. Trends in Hearing 26, pages 233121652110729.
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Hendrik Schroter, Tobias Rosenkranz, Alberto-N. Escalante-B & Andreas Maier. (2022) Low Latency Speech Enhancement for Hearing Aids Using Deep Filtering. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing 30, pages 2716-2728.
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H. Christiaan Stronks, Annemijn L. Tops, Phillipp Hehrmann, Jeroen J. Briaire & Johan H. M. Frijns. (2021) Personalizing Transient Noise Reduction Algorithm Settings for Cochlear Implant Users. Ear & Hearing 42:6, pages 1602-1614.
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Yuan Chen, Lena L. N. Wong, Volker Kuehnel, Jinyu Qian, Solveig Christina Voss & Wang Shangqiguo. (2021) Can Dual Compression Offer Better Mandarin Speech Intelligibility and Sound Quality Than Fast-Acting Compression?. Trends in Hearing 25, pages 233121652199761.
Crossref
Mahmoud Keshavarzi, Tobias Reichenbach & Brian C. J. Moore. (2021) Transient Noise Reduction Using a Deep Recurrent Neural Network: Effects on Subjective Speech Intelligibility and Listening Comfort. Trends in Hearing 25, pages 233121652110414.
Crossref
Robert T. Dwyer, Chen Chen, Phillipp Hehrmann, Nichole C. Dwyer & René H. Gifford. (2021) Synchronized Automatic Gain Control in Bilateral Cochlear Implant Recipients Yields Significant Benefit in Static and Dynamic Listening Conditions. Trends in Hearing 25, pages 233121652110141.
Crossref
Borys Kowalewski, Torsten Dau & Tobias May. (2020) Perceptual Evaluation of Signal-to-Noise-Ratio-Aware Dynamic Range Compression in Hearing Aids. Trends in Hearing 24, pages 233121652093053.
Crossref
Tobias May, Borys Kowalewski & Torsten Dau. 2020. The Technology of Binaural Understanding. The Technology of Binaural Understanding 763 799 .
Tobias May, Borys Kowalewski & Torsten Dau. (2018) Signal-to-Noise-Ratio-Aware Dynamic Range Compression in Hearing Aids. Trends in Hearing 22, pages 233121651879090.
Crossref
Alexis Bozorg-Grayeli, Nicolas Guevara, Jean-Pierre Bebear, Marine Ardoint, Sonia Saaï, Michel Hoen, Dan Gnansia, Philippe Romanet & Jean-Pierre Lavieille. (2015) Clinical evaluation of the xDP output compression strategy for cochlear implants. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 273:9, pages 2363-2371.
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Stefan Launer, Justin A. Zakis & Brian C. J. Moore. 2016. Hearing Aids. Hearing Aids 93 130 .
Phyu P. Khing, Brett A. Swanson & Eliathamby Ambikairajah. (2013) The Effect of Automatic Gain Control Structure and Release Time on Cochlear Implant Speech Intelligibility. PLoS ONE 8:11, pages e82263.
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Michael A. Stone, Kristina Anton & Brian C. J. Moore. (2012) Use of high-rate envelope speech cues and their perceptually relevant dynamic range for the hearing impaired. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 132:2, pages 1141-1151.
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Brian C. J. Moore & Christian Füllgrabe. (2010) Evaluation of the CAMEQ2-HF Method for Fitting Hearing Aids With Multichannel Amplitude Compression. Ear & Hearing 31:5, pages 657-666.
Crossref
Brian C. J. Moore, Christian Füllgrabe & Michael A. Stone. (2010) Effect of spatial separation, extended bandwidth, and compression speed on intelligibility in a competing-speech task. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 128:1, pages 360-371.
Crossref
THOMAS LUNNER, MARY RUDNER & JERKER RÖNNBERG. (2009) Cognition and hearing aids. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 50:5, pages 395-403.
Crossref
Lu-Feng Shi & Karen A. Doherty. (2008) Subjective and Objective Effects of Fast and Slow Compression on the Perception of Reverberant Speech in Listeners With Hearing Loss. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 51:5, pages 1328-1340.
Crossref
Brian C. J. Moore. (2008) The Choice of Compression Speed in Hearing Aids: Theoretical and Practical Considerations and the Role of Individual Differences. Trends in Amplification 12:2, pages 103-112.
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Michael A. Stone & Brian C. J. Moore. (2007) Quantifying the effects of fast-acting compression on the envelope of speech. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121:3, pages 1654-1664.
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Brian C.J. Moore. 2007. Cochlear Hearing Loss. Cochlear Hearing Loss 287 326 .
Brian C.J. Moore. (2006) Speech mapping is a valuable tool for fitting and counseling patients. The Hearing Journal 59:8, pages 26.
Crossref
Brent Edwards. 2004. Speech Processing in the Auditory System. Speech Processing in the Auditory System 339 421 .
Harry Levitt. 2004. Compression: From Cochlea to Cochlear Implants. Compression: From Cochlea to Cochlear Implants 153 183 .
Michael A. Stone & Brian C. J. Moore. (2003) Effect of the speed of a single-channel dynamic range compressor on intelligibility in a competing speech task. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 114:2, pages 1023-1034.
Crossref
Brian C.J. Moore. (2003) Speech processing for the hearing-impaired: successes, failures, and implications for speech mechanisms. Speech Communication 41:1, pages 81-91.
Crossref
Brian C. J. Moore. (2003) Coding of Sounds in the Auditory System and Its Relevance to Signal Processing and Coding in Cochlear Implants. Otology & Neurotology 24:2, pages 243-254.
Crossref
Stuart Gatehouse. (2002) Electronic aids to hearing. British Medical Bulletin 63:1, pages 147-156.
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Timothy D. Trine & Dianne Van Tasell. (2002) Digital hearing aid design. The Hearing Journal 55:2, pages 36-38.
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Gitte Keidser & Frances Grant. (2001) The Preferred Number of Channels (One, Two, or Four) in NAL-NL1 Prescribed Wide Dynamic Range Compression (WDRC) Devices. Ear and Hearing 22:6, pages 516-527.
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Bailey K. Wang. (2001) Some considerations regarding attack and release times in compression hearing aids. The Hearing Journal 54:10, pages 36-45.
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Michael A. Stone, Brian C. J. Moore, José I. Alcántara & Brian R. Glasberg. (1999) Comparison of different forms of compression using wearable digital hearing aids. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 106:6, pages 3603-3619.
Crossref
John Bamford, Wendy McCracken, Ian Peers & Peter Grayson. (1999) Trial of a Two-Channel Hearing Aid (Low-Frequency Compression–High-Frequency Linear Amplification) with School Age Children. Ear and Hearing 20:4, pages 290-298.
Crossref
Bernhard Stöbich, Clemens M. Zierhofer & Erwin S. Hochmair. (1999) Influence of Automatic Gain Control Parameter Settings on Speech Understanding of Cochlear Implant Users Employing the Continuous Interleaved Sampling Strategy. Ear and Hearing 20:2, pages 104-116.
Crossref
Brian C. J. Moore, Robert W. Peters & Michael A. Stone. (1999) Benefits of linear amplification and multichannel compression for speech comprehension in backgrounds with spectral and temporal dips. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 105:1, pages 400-411.
Crossref
E.W. Yund. (1998) Multichannel compression in the normal ear and as a signal processing algorithm for the hearing impaired. Multichannel compression in the normal ear and as a signal processing algorithm for the hearing impaired.
Thomas Lunner, Johan Hellgren, Stig Arlinger & Claus Elberling. (1997) A Digital Filterbank Hearing Aid: Three Digital Signal Processing Algorithms-User Preference and Performance. Ear and Hearing 18:5, pages 373-387.
Crossref
Ruth A. Bentler & John A. Nelson. (1997) Assessing Release-Time Options in a Two-Channel AGC Hearing Aid. American Journal of Audiology 6:1, pages 43-51.
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Harvey Dillon. (1996) Tutorial Compression? Yes, But for Low or High Frequencies, for Low or High Intensities, and with What Response Times?. Ear and Hearing 17:4, pages 287-307.
Crossref
Brian C. J. Moore. (1996) Perceptual Consequences of Cochlear Hearing Loss and their Implications for the Design of Hearing Aids. Ear and Hearing 17:2, pages 133-161.
Crossref
Francis K. Kuk. (2016) Theoretical and Practical Considerations in Compression Hearing Aids. Trends in Amplification 1:1, pages 5-39.
Crossref
Louise M. H. Hickson. (1994) Compression Amplification in Hearing Aids. American Journal of Audiology 3:3, pages 51-65.
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Laurel H. Carney. (1994) Spatiotemporal encoding of sound level: Models for normal encoding and recruitment of loudness. Hearing Research 76:1-2, pages 31-44.
Crossref
P.F. Camilleri & G.E. Sobelman. (1994) Digital automatic gain control for hearing aids. Digital automatic gain control for hearing aids.
Dianne J. Van Tasell. (1993) Hearing Loss, Speech, and Hearing Aids. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 36:2, pages 228-244.
Crossref
Brian R. Glasberg & Brian C.J. Moore. (1992) Effects of envelope fluctuations on gap detection. Hearing Research 64:1, pages 81-92.
Crossref
B. Kollmeier. (1992) Aktueller Stand und Entwicklungsperspektiven digitaler Hörgeräte. Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik 2:4, pages 201-208.
Crossref
Sdg Stephens & R. Meredith. (2016) Qualitative reports of hearing aid benefit. Clinical Rehabilitation 5:3, pages 225-229.
Crossref

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