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Physiotherapy Theory and Practice
An International Journal of Physical Therapy
Volume 13, 1997 - Issue 4
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Original Article

Effects of active head retraction with retraction/extension and occipital release on the pressure pain threshold of cervical and scapular trigger points

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Pages 285-291 | Accepted 01 Jul 1997, Published online: 10 Jul 2009

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María José Guzmán-Pavón, Iván Cavero-Redondo, Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno, Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez, Sara Reina-Gutierrez & Celia Álvarez-Bueno. (2020) Effect of Physical Exercise Programs on Myofascial Trigger Points–Related Dysfunctions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Pain Medicine 21:11, pages 2986-2996.
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Derek Charles, Trey Hudgins, Josh MacNaughton, Eric Newman, Joanne Tan & Michael Wigger. (2019) A systematic review of manual therapy techniques, dry cupping and dry needling in the reduction of myofascial pain and myofascial trigger points. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 23:3, pages 539-546.
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Anita Gross, Theresa M Kay, Jean-Philippe Paquin, Samuel Blanchette, Patrick Lalonde, Trevor Christie, Genevieve Dupont, Nadine Graham, Stephen J Burnie, Geoff Gelley, Charles H Goldsmith, Mario Forget, Jan L Hoving, Gert Brønfort & Pasqualina L Santaguida. (2015) Exercises for mechanical neck disorders. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015:1.
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Yong Hong Cheng & Gui Cheng Huang. (2014) Efficacy of Massage Therapy on Pain and Dysfunction in Patients with Neck Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014, pages 1-13.
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Kinjal C Patel, Anita Gross, Nadine Graham, Charles H Goldsmith, Jeanette Ezzo, Annie Morien & Paul Michael J Peloso. (2012) Massage for mechanical neck disorders. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
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Theresa M Kay, Anita Gross, Charles H Goldsmith, Sherrill Rutherford, Sandra Voth, Jan L Hoving, Gert Brønfort & Pasqualina L Santaguida. 1996. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Lucie Brosseau, George A. Wells, Peter Tugwell, Lynn Casimiro, Michael Novikov, Laurianne Loew, Danijel Sredic, Sarah Clément, Amélie Gravelle, Kevin Hua, Daniel Kresic, Ana Lakic, Gabrielle Ménard, Pascale Côté, Ghislain Leblanc, Mathieu Sonier, Alexandre Cloutier, Jessica McEwan, Stéphane Poitras, Andrea Furlan, Anita Gross, Trish Dryden, Ron Muckenheim, Raynald Côté, Véronique Paré, Alexandre Rouhani, Guillaume Léonard, Hillel M. Finestone, Lucie Laferrière, Simon Dagenais, Gino De Angelis & Courtney Cohoon. (2012) Ottawa panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on therapeutic massage for neck pain. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 16:3, pages 300-325.
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Andrea D. Furlan, Fatemeh Yazdi, Alexander Tsertsvadze, Anita Gross, Maurits Van Tulder, Lina Santaguida, Joel Gagnier, Carlo Ammendolia, Trish Dryden, Steve Doucette, Becky Skidmore, Raymond Daniel, Thomas Ostermann & Sophia Tsouros. (2012) A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy, Cost-Effectiveness, and Safety of Selected Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Neck and Low-Back Pain. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012, pages 1-61.
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Johnson McEvoy & Jan Dommerholt. 2012. Physical Therapy of the Shoulder. Physical Therapy of the Shoulder 351 379 .
César Fernández de las Peñas, Hong-You Ge & Jan Dommerholt. 2011. Neck and Arm Pain Syndromes. Neck and Arm Pain Syndromes 419 429 .
Gert Bronfort, Mitch Haas, Roni Evans, Brent Leininger & Jay Triano. (2010) Effectiveness of manual therapies: the UK evidence report. Chiropractic & Osteopathy 18:1.
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K. Ammer. (2009) Die Wiederholbarkeit von Palpationsbefunden an der Wirbelsäule ist geringThe reproducibility of spinal palpation results is low. Manuelle Medizin 47:5, pages 349-351.
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Anita R. Gross, Ted Haines, Charlie H. Goldsmith, Lina Santaguida, Laurie M. Mclaughlin, Paul Peloso, Stephen Burnie & Jan Hoving. (2009) Knowledge to Action: A Challenge for Neck Pain Treatment. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 39:5, pages 351-A6.
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Howard Vernon & Michael Schneider. (2009) Chiropractic Management of Myofascial Trigger Points and Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics 32:1, pages 14-24.
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Jeanette Ezzo, Bodhi G. Haraldsson, Anita R. Gross, Cynthia D. Myers, Annie Morien, Charlie H. Goldsmith, Gert Bronfort & Paul M. Peloso. (2007) Massage for Mechanical Neck Disorders. Spine 32:3, pages 353-362.
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Luke D. Rickards. (2006) The effectiveness of non-invasive treatments for active myofascial trigger point pain: A systematic review of the literature. International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 9:4, pages 120-136.
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Bodhi Haraldsson, Anita Gross, Cynthia D. Myers, Jeanette Ezzo, Annie Morien, Charles H Goldsmith, Paul Michael J Peloso & Gert Brønfort. 1996. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Jari Ylinen, Esa-Pekka Takala, Hannu Kautiainen, Matti Nykänen, Arja Häkkinen, Timo Pohjolainen, Sirkka-Liisa Karppi & Olavi Airaksinen. (2005) Effect of long-term neck muscle training on pressure pain threshold: A randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Pain 9:6, pages 673-673.
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Theresa M Kay, Anita Gross, Charles H Goldsmith, Jan L Hoving & Gert Brønfort. 1996. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Janet Edwards. (2018) The Importance of Postural Habits in Perpetuating Myofascial Trigger Point Pain. Acupuncture in Medicine 23:2, pages 77-82.
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O. Mayoral del Moral & H. Romay Barrero. (2005) Fisioterapia conservadora del síndrome de dolor miofascial. Revista Iberoamericana de Fisioterapia y Kinesiología 8:1, pages 11-16.
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César Fernández de las Peñas, Luis Palomeque del Cerro & Josué Fernández Carnero. (2005) Manual treatment of post-whiplash injury. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 9:2, pages 109-119.
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César Fernández de las Peñas, Mónica Sohrbeck Campo, Josué Fernández Carnero & Juan Carlos Miangolarra Page. (2005) Manual therapies in myofascial trigger point treatment: a systematic review. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 9:1, pages 27-34.
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Janet Edwards & Nicola Knowles. (2018) Superficial Dry Needling and Active Stretching in the Treatment of Myofascial Pain – a Randomised Controlled Trial. Acupuncture in Medicine 21:3, pages 80-86.
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H Sarig-Bahat. (2003) Evidence for exercise therapy in mechanical neck disorders. Manual Therapy 8:1, pages 10-20.
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