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Prehospital Emergency Care Volume 16, 2012 - Issue 4
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Focus on Pediatric EMS

Potential Adverse Effects of Spinal Immobilization in Children

Julie C. LeonardDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.Correspondence[email protected]
, MD, MPH,
Jingnan MaoDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
, MS &
David M. JaffeDepartment of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
, MD
Pages 513-518 | Received 19 Mar 2012, Accepted 04 Apr 2012, Published online: 19 Jun 2012

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Caleb E. Ward, Gia Marissa Badolato, Kristen Breslin, Kathleen Brown & Joelle N. Simpson. (2019) Evaluation of a Selective Prehospital Pediatric Spinal Protection Protocol. Prehospital Emergency Care 23:6, pages 862-869.
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Brian M. Clemency, Christopher T. Tanski, Jennifer Gibson Chambers, Michael O'Brien, Andrew S. Knapp, Alexander J. Clark, Patrick McGoff, Johanna Innes, Heather A. Lindstrom & David Hostler. (2018) Compulsory Use of the Backboard is Associated with Increased Frequency of Thoracolumbar Imaging. Prehospital Emergency Care 22:4, pages 506-510.
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Ahmad Maarouf, Colleen M. McQuown, Jennifer A. Frey, Rami A. Ahmed & Lisa Derrick. (2017) Iatrogenic Spinal Cord Injury in a Trauma Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis. Prehospital Emergency Care 21:3, pages 390-394.
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Cindy D. Chang, Remle P. Crowe, Melissa A. Bentley, Alyssa R. Janezic & Julie C. Leonard. (2017) EMS Providers' Beliefs Regarding Spinal Precautions for Pediatric Trauma Transport. Prehospital Emergency Care 21:3, pages 344-353.
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Brian M. Clemency, Joseph A. Bart, Abhigyan Malhotra, Taylor Klun, Veronica Campanella & Heather A. Lindstrom. (2016) Patients Immobilized with a Long Spine Board Rarely Have Unstable Thoracolumbar Injuries. Prehospital Emergency Care 20:2, pages 266-272.
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Raquel R. Tello, Darren Braude, Lynne Fullerton & Philip Froman. (2014) Outcome of Trauma Patients Immobilized by Emergency Department Staff, but Not by Emergency Medical Services Providers: A Quality Assurance Initiative. Prehospital Emergency Care 18:4, pages 544-549.
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James F. Morrissey, Elsie R. Kusel & Karl A. Sporer. (2014) Spinal Motion Restriction: An Educational and Implementation Program to Redefine Prehospital Spinal Assessment and Care. Prehospital Emergency Care 18:3, pages 429-432.
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Chelsea C. White IV, Robert M. Domeier & Michael G. Millin. (2014) EMS Spinal Precautions and the Use of the Long Backboard –Resource Document to the Position Statement of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma. Prehospital Emergency Care 18:2, pages 306-314.
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Articles from other publishers (23)

Tessa Breeding, Hazem Nasef, Quratulain Amin, Chadwick Smith & Adel Elkbuli. (2023) Pediatric trauma population spine immobilization during resuscitation: A call for improved guidelines. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine.
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Philip C. Nolte, Shiyao Liao, Matthias Kuch, Paul A. Grützner, Matthias Münzberg & Michael Kreinest. (2022) Development of a New Emergency Medicine Spinal Immobilization Protocol for Pediatric Trauma Patients and First Applicability Test on Emergency Medicine Personnel. Pediatric Emergency Care 38:1, pages e75-e84.
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Laurence Baril, Elisabeth Nguyen, Lauralee Dufresne-Santerre, Virginie Émond, Marcel Émond, Simon Berthelot, Ann-Pier Gagnon, Alexandra Nadeau, Pierre-Hugues Carmichael & Eric Mercier. (2021) Pain induced by investigations and procedures commonly administered to older adults in the emergency department: a prospective cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal 38:11, pages 825-829.
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Natalie Phillips, Katie Rasmussen, Sally McGuire, Kerrie-Ann Abel, Jason Acworth, Geoffrey Askin, Robyn Brady, Mark Walsh & Franz E Babl. (2021) Projected paediatric cervical spine imaging rates with application of NEXUS, Canadian C-Spine and PECARN clinical decision rules in a prospective Australian cohort. Emergency Medicine Journal 38:5, pages 330-337.
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Lorin R. Browne, Fahd A. Ahmad, Hamilton Schwartz, Michael Wallendorf, Nathan Kuppermann, E. Brooke Lerner & Julie C. Leonard. (2020) Prehospital Factors Associated With Cervical Spine Injury in Pediatric Blunt Trauma Patients. Academic Emergency Medicine 28:5, pages 553-561.
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Philip C. Nolte, Davut D. Uzun, Shiyao Liao, Matthias Kuch, Paul A. Grützner, Matthias Münzberg & Michael Kreinest. (2019) Entwicklung eines neuen Protokolls zur präklinischen Immobilisation der Wirbelsäule bei Kindern und erste AnwendungsuntersuchungDevelopment and first application testing of a new protocol for preclinical spinal immobilization in children. Der Unfallchirurg 123:4, pages 289-301.
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Julie C. Leonard, Lorin R. BrowneFahd A. Ahmad, Hamilton Schwartz, Michael WallendorfJeffrey R. LeonardE. Brooke LernerNathan Kuppermann. (2019) Cervical Spine Injury Risk Factors in Children With Blunt Trauma. Pediatrics 144:1.
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Ary Phaily & Mansoor Khan. (2018) Is our current method of cervical spine control doing more harm than good?. Trauma 21:3, pages 176-183.
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Xandria Gutierrez, Michael April, Joseph Maddry, Guyon Hill, Tyson Becker & Steven Schauer. (2019) Incidence of Pediatric Cervical Spine Injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan. Southern Medical Journal 112:5, pages 271-275.
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Francis X. Feld. (2018) Removal of the Long Spine Board From Clinical Practice: A Historical Perspective. Journal of Athletic Training 53:8, pages 752-755.
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Sandra Larson, Andrew U. Delnat & Jill Moore. (2018) The Use of Clinical Cervical Spine Clearance in Trauma Patients: A Literature Review. Journal of Emergency Nursing 44:4, pages 368-374.
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Lorin R. Browne, Hamilton Schwartz, Fahd A. Ahmad, Michael Wallendorf, Nathan Kuppermann, E. Brooke Lerner & Julie C. Leonard. (2017) Interobserver Agreement in Pediatric Cervical Spine Injury Assessment Between Prehospital and Emergency Department Providers. Academic Emergency Medicine 24:12, pages 1501-1510.
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Anna Abelsson, Lillemor Lindwall, Björn-Ove Suserud & Ingrid Rystedt. (2017) Effect of Repeated Simulation on the Quality of Trauma Care. Clinical Simulation in Nursing 13:12, pages 601-608.
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Fahd A. Ahmad, Hamilton Schwartz, Lorin R. Browne, Sherry Lassa-Claxton, Michael Wallendorf, E. Brooke Lerner, Nathan Kuppermann & Julie C. Leonard. (2017) Methods for Collecting Paired Observations From Emergency Medical Services and Emergency Department Providers for Pediatric Cervical Spine Injury Risk Factors. Academic Emergency Medicine 24:4, pages 432-441.
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Ben Mays. (2016) Is full pre-hospital spinal immobilisation best for the patient? A review of current controversies. Journal of Paramedic Practice 8:4, pages 176-183.
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David A. Wampler, Chloe Pineda, Joan Polk, Emily Kidd, Dale Leboeuf, Marti Flores, Mike Shown, Chetan Kharod, Ronald M. Stewart & Craig Cooley. (2016) The long spine board does not reduce lateral motion during transport—a randomized healthy volunteer crossover trial. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 34:4, pages 717-721.
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Ellen Schenk & Elizabeth A. Edgerton. (2015) A Tale of Two Populations: Addressing Pediatric Needs in the Continuum of Emergency Care. Annals of Emergency Medicine 65:6, pages 673-678.
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Joe Francis. (2015) A critical appraisal of the pre-hospital management of cervical spine injury in children and young people. Journal of Paramedic Practice 7:3, pages 142-148.
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J. Stephen Huff & Eric Jaeger. 2014. Prehospital Care of Neurologic Emergencies. Prehospital Care of Neurologic Emergencies 97 139 .
Aidan Cullen, Mark Terris & Ruth Ford. (2014) Spinal clearance in unconscious children following traumatic brain injury. Pediatric Anesthesia 24:7, pages 711-716.
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Terje SundstrømHelge AsbjørnsenSamer HabibaGeir Arne SundeKnut Wester. (2014) Prehospital Use of Cervical Collars in Trauma Patients: A Critical Review. Journal of Neurotrauma 31:6, pages 531-540.
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Garth Meckler, Julie Leonard & John HoyleJr.Jr.. (2014) Pediatric Patient Safety in Emergency Medical Services. Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine 15:1, pages 18-27.
Crossref
Julie C. Leonard. (2013) Cervical Spine Injury. Pediatric Clinics of North America 60:5, pages 1123-1137.
Crossref

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