Citations (48)
Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.
Read on this site (4)
Noah S. Ball, Brittany M. Knable, Taylor A. Relich, Allyson N. Smathers, Michael R. Gionfriddo, Branden D. Nemecek, Courtney A. Montepara, Anthony J. Guarascio, Jordan R. Covvey & David E. Zimmerman. (2022) Xylazine poisoning: a systematic review. Clinical Toxicology 60:8, pages 892-901.
Read now
Read now
Chang-Ming Liu, Ming-Jang Chiu, Cheng-Chung Fang & Wen-Jone Chen. (2007) Letter To The Editor: “Xylazine abuse: A rare cause of syncope”. Clinical Toxicology 45:3, pages 309-311.
Read now
Read now
María Fátima Ramón, Salome Ballesteros, Rosa Martinez‐Arrieta, Jose M. Jorrecilla & Jose Cabrera. (2003) Volatile Substance and Other Drug Abuse Inhalation in Spain. Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology 41:7, pages 931-936.
Read now
Read now
C.G. MacKintosh & G. Van Reenen. (1984) Comparison of yohimbine, 4-aminopyridine and doxapram antagonism of xylazine sedation in deer (Cervus elaphus). New Zealand Veterinary Journal 32:11, pages 181-184.
Read now
Read now
Articles from other publishers (44)
Alex P. Focken, Jordan M. Woodsworth & Jennifer M. Loewen. (2023) Evaluation of the use of intranasal atipamezole to reverse the sedative effects of xylazine in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care.
Crossref
Crossref
Kimberly L. Sue & Kathryn Hawk. (2023) Clinical considerations for the management of xylazine overdoses and xylazine‐related wounds. Addiction.
Crossref
Crossref
Andrew C. Holt, David M. Schwope, Kathy Le, Joshua P. Schrecker & Rebecca Heltsley. (2023) Widespread Distribution of Xylazine Detected Throughout the United States in Healthcare Patient Samples. Journal of Addiction Medicine 17:4, pages 468-470.
Crossref
Crossref
Shahana Ayub, Shanli Parnia, Karuna Poddar, Anil K Bachu, Amanda Sullivan, Ali M Khan, Saeed Ahmed & Lakshit Jain. (2023) Xylazine in the Opioid Epidemic: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Clinical Implications. Cureus.
Crossref
Crossref
Stephanie Anne Deutsch & Allan R. De Jong. (2023) Xylazine Complicating Opioid Ingestions in Young Children. Pediatrics 151:1.
Crossref
Crossref
Way Koon Teoh, Noor Zuhartini Md Muslim, Kah Haw Chang & Ahmad Fahmi Lim Abdullah. (2022) Abuse of Xylazine by Human and its Emerging Problems: A Review from Forensic Perspective. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 18:4, pages 190-201.
Crossref
Crossref
Kasrin Saisahas, Asamee Soleh, Kiattisak Promsuwan, Jenjira Saichanapan, Apichai Phonchai, Nabeesathul Sumayya Mohamed Sadiq, Way Koon Teoh, Kah Haw Chang, Ahmad Fahmi Lim Abdullah & Warakorn Limbut. (2022) Nanocoral-like Polyaniline-Modified Graphene-Based Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Device for a Portable Electrochemical Sensor for Xylazine Detection. ACS Omega 7:16, pages 13913-13924.
Crossref
Crossref
Kasrin Saisahas, Asamee Soleh, Kiattisak Promsuwan, Apichai Phonchai, Nabeesathul Sumayya Mohamed Sadiq, Way Koon Teoh, Kah Haw Chang, Ahmad Fahmi Lim Abdullah & Warakorn Limbut. (2021) A portable electrochemical sensor for detection of the veterinary drug xylazine in beverage samples. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 198, pages 113958.
Crossref
Crossref
Jacqueline Nunez, Maura E. DeJoseph & James R. Gill. (2021) Xylazine, a Veterinary Tranquilizer, Detected in 42 Accidental Fentanyl Intoxication Deaths. American Journal of Forensic Medicine & Pathology 42:1, pages 9-11.
Crossref
Crossref
Letícia Francine Mendes, Ângela Rodrigues Souza e Silva, Raphael Prata Bacil, Silvia Helena Pires Serrano, Lúcio Angnes, Thiago Regis Longo Cesar Paixão & William Reis de Araujo. (2019) Forensic electrochemistry: Electrochemical study and quantification of xylazine in pharmaceutical and urine samples. Electrochimica Acta 295, pages 726-734.
Crossref
Crossref
Jatupon Krongvorakul, Saranya Auparakkitanon, Satariya Trakulsrichai, Pitsucha Sanguanwit, Jetjamnong Sueajai, Nantida Noumjad & Winai Wananukul. (2018) Use of Xylazine in Drug-Facilitated Crimes. Journal of Forensic Sciences 63:4, pages 1325-1330.
Crossref
Crossref
Přemysl Mladěnka, Lenka Applová, Jiří Patočka, Vera Marisa Costa, Fernando Remiao, Jana Pourová, Aleš Mladěnka, Jana Karlíčková, Luděk Jahodář, Marie Vopršalová, Kurt J. Varner & Martin Štěrba. (2018) Comprehensive review of cardiovascular toxicity of drugs and related agents. Medicinal Research Reviews 38:4, pages 1332-1403.
Crossref
Crossref
Xue Gao, Hao Guo, Yaoyu Du & Chaokang Gu. (2015) Simultaneous Determination of Xylazine and 2,6-Xylidine in Blood and Urine by Auto Solid-Phase Extraction and Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Toxicology 39:6, pages 444-450.
Crossref
Crossref
A. J. Perrin. (2015) Intentional misuse of veterinary medications in human suicide. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 38:3, pages 209-213.
Crossref
Crossref
L.A. Silva-Torres, C. Vélez, J. Lyvia Alvarez, J.G. Ortiz & B. Zayas. (2014) Toxic effects of xylazine on endothelial cells in combination with cocaine and 6-monoacetylmorphine. Toxicology in Vitro 28:7, pages 1312-1319.
Crossref
Crossref
Kazandra Ruiz-Colón, Carlos Chavez-Arias, José Eric Díaz-Alcalá & María A. Martínez. (2014) Xylazine intoxication in humans and its importance as an emerging adulterant in abused drugs: A comprehensive review of the literature. Forensic Science International 240, pages 1-8.
Crossref
Crossref
Luz Silva-Torres, Christian Vel?z, Lyvia ?lvarez & Beatriz Zayas. (2014) Xylazine as a Drug of Abuse and Its Effects on the Generation of Reactive Species and DNA Damage on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Journal of Toxicology 2014, pages 1-8.
Crossref
Crossref
Yong-Fu Xiao, Bingdi Wang, Xiaoli Wang, Fenglai Du, Michael Benzinou & Yi-Xin Jim Wang. (2013) Xylazine-induced reduction of tissue sensitivity to insulin leads to acute hyperglycemia in diabetic and normoglycemic monkeys. BMC Anesthesiology 13:1.
Crossref
Crossref
Golo M.J. Meyer, Markus R. Meyer, Bernhard Mischo, Otto Schofer & Hans H. Maurer. (2013)
Case report of accidental poisoning with the tranquilizer xylazine and the anesthetic ketamine confirmed by qualitative and quantitative toxicological analysis using GC‐MS and LC‐MS
n
. Drug Testing and Analysis 5:9-10, pages 785-789.
Crossref
Crossref
Kevin Woodward & Kevin WoodwardK. N. Woodward. 2012. Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans. Toxicological Effects of Veterinary Medicinal Products in Humans
155
247
.
K. Ruiz-Colon, M. A. Martinez, L. A. Silva-Torres, C. Chavez-Arias, M. Melendez-Negron, M. S. Conte-Miller & J. Bloom-Oquendo. (2012) Simultaneous Determination of Xylazine, Free Morphine, Codeine, 6-Acetylmorphine, Cocaine and Benzoylecgonine in Postmortem Blood by UPLC-MS-MS. Journal of Analytical Toxicology 36:5, pages 319-326.
Crossref
Crossref
J. C. Reyes, J. L. Negrón, H. M. Colón, A. M. Padilla, M. Y. Millán, T. D. Matos & R. R. Robles. (2012) The Emerging of Xylazine as a New Drug of Abuse and its Health Consequences among Drug Users in Puerto Rico. Journal of Urban Health 89:3, pages 519-526.
Crossref
Crossref
Blanca Arango-Gonzalez, Andreas Schatz, Sylvia Bolz, Javier Eslava-Schmalbach, Gabriel Willmann, Ahmad Zhour, Eberhart Zrenner, M. Dominik Fischer & Florian Gekeler. (2012) Effects of Combined Ketamine/Xylazine Anesthesia on Light Induced Retinal Degeneration in Rats. PLoS ONE 7:4, pages e35687.
Crossref
Crossref
A. Haymerle, Å. Fahlman & C. Walzer. (2010) Human exposures to immobilising agents: results of an online survey. Veterinary Record 167:9, pages 327-332.
Crossref
Crossref
K. N. Woodward. 2009. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance
475
515
.
K. N. Woodward. 2009. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance. Veterinary Pharmacovigilance
297
345
.
Stella C. Wong, John A. Curtis & William E. Wingert. (2008) Concurrent Detection of Heroin, Fentanyl, and Xylazine in Seven Drug-related Deaths Reported from the Philadelphia Medical Examiner’s Office. Journal of Forensic Sciences 53:2, pages 495-498.
Crossref
Crossref
Larissa I. Velez, Greene Shepherd, Lisa D. Mills & Wilfredo Rivera. (2006) Systemic toxicity after an ocular exposure to xylazine hydrochloride. The Journal of Emergency Medicine 30:4, pages 407-410.
Crossref
Crossref
K. N. WOODWARD. (2005) Veterinary pharmacovigilance. Part 4. Adverse reactions in humans to veterinary medicinal products. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 28:2, pages 185-201.
Crossref
Crossref
. 2004. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials.
. 2004. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials.
K.N. Woodward. 2004. Pesticide, Veterinary and Other Residues in Food. Pesticide, Veterinary and Other Residues in Food
175
223
.
Jose I. Elejalde, Clint Jean Louis, Rosario Elcuaz & Miguel A. Pinillos. (2003) Drug abuse with inhalated xylazine. European Journal of Emergency Medicine 10:3, pages 252-253.
Crossref
Crossref
Matthew E Stillwell. (2003) A reported case involving impaired driving following self-administration of xylazine. Forensic Science International 134:1, pages 25-28.
Crossref
Crossref
ANDREW J. CAPRARO, JAMES F. WILEYIIII & JEFFREY R. TUCKER. (2001) Severe intoxication from xylazine inhalation. Pediatric Emergency Care 17:6, pages 447-448.
Crossref
Crossref
Roger E. MittlemanW. Lee HearnGeorge W. Hime. (1998) Xylazine Toxicity—Literature Review and Report of Two Cases. Journal of Forensic Sciences 43:2, pages 16155J.
Crossref
Crossref
Itzchak Beiran, Benjamin Miller & Yedidia Bentur. (2016) The efficacy of calcium gluconate in ocular hydrofluoric acid burns. Human & Experimental Toxicology 16:4, pages 223-228.
Crossref
Crossref
Randy D. Jones & Nelita P. Greufe. (1994) A quantitative electroencephalographic method for xenobiotic screening in the canine model. Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 31:4, pages 233-238.
Crossref
Crossref
Hamid R. Amouzadeh, Charles W. QuallsJrJr, John H. WyckoffIIIIII, Gladstone K. Dzata, Subbiah Sangiah, Andy Mauromoustakos & Larry E. Stein. (2016) Biochemical and Morphological Alterations in Xylazine-Induced Pulmonary Edema*,†. Toxicologic Pathology 21:6, pages 562-571.
Crossref
Crossref
H.R. Amouzadeh, S. Sangiah, C.W. QuallsJr.Jr., R.L. Cowell & A. Mauromoustakos. (1991) Xylazine-induced pulmonary edema in rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 108:3, pages 417-427.
Crossref
Crossref
S. A. GREENE & J. C. THURMON. (2008) Xylazine – a review of its pharmacology and use in veterinary medicine. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 11:4, pages 295-313.
Crossref
Crossref
David J. McCann, Richard A. Rabin & J.C. Winter. (1987) Interactions of clonidine with phencyclidine and ketamine: Studies of radial maze performance and righting reflex in rats. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 26:1, pages 23-28.
Crossref
Crossref
David G. Spoerke, Alan H. Hall, Michael J. Grimes, Bertrand N. HoneaIIIIII & Barry H. Rumack. (1986) Human overdose with the veterinary tranquilizer xylazine. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 4:3, pages 222-224.
Crossref
Crossref
N.J. Braden, J.E. Jackson & P.D. Walson. (1986) Tricyclic Antidepressant Overdose. Pediatric Clinics of North America 33:2, pages 287-297.
Crossref
Crossref