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Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography Volume 49, 1997 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

A comparison of Lyapunov and optimal vectors in a low-resolution GCM

Istvan SzunyoghDepartment of Meteorology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary;
,
Eugenia KalnayDepartment of Meteorology, Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary;
&
Zoltan TothNational Centers for Environmental Prediction, Camp Springs, MD20746, USA
Pages 200-227 | Received 28 Aug 1995, Accepted 05 Aug 1996, Published online: 15 Dec 2016

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Malaquias Peña & Zoltan Toth. (2014) Estimation of analysis and forecast error variances. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 66:1.
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Jorgen S. Frederiksen, Mark A. Collier & Andrew B. Watkins. (2004) Ensemble prediction of blocking regime transitions. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 56:5, pages 485-500.
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Inger-Lise Frogner & Trond Iversen. (2001) Targeted ensemble prediction for northern Europe and parts of the north Atlantic Ocean. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 53:1, pages 35-55.
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Michael K. Tippett, Stephen E. Cohn, Ricardo Todling & Dan Marchesin. (2000) Low-dimensional representation of error covariance. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 52:5, pages 533-553.
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Ronald M. Errico & Rolf Langland. (1999) Reply to: Comments on “Notes on the appropriateness of ‘bred modes’ for generating initial perturbations”. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 51:3, pages 450-451.
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Zoltan Toth, Istvan Szunyogh, Eugenia Kalnay & Gopal Iyengar. (1999) Comments on: “Notes on the appropriateness of ‘bred modes’ for generating initial perturbations”. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 51:3, pages 442-449.
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Ronald M. Errico & Rolf Langland. (1999) Notes on the appropriateness of “bred modes” for generating initial perturbations used in ensemble prediction. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 51:3, pages 431-441.
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Zhao-Xia Pu, Stephen J. Lord & Eugenia Kalnay. (1998) Forecast sensitivity with dropwindsonde data and targeted observations. Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography 50:4, pages 391-410.
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Bo-Wen Shen, Roger A. PielkeSr.Sr. & Xubin Zeng. (2023) The 50th Anniversary of the Metaphorical Butterfly Effect since Lorenz (1972): Multistability, Multiscale Predictability, and Sensitivity in Numerical Models. Atmosphere 14:8, pages 1279.
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Jorgen S. Frederiksen. (2023) Covariant Lyapunov Vectors and Finite-Time Normal Modes for Geophysical Fluid Dynamical Systems. Entropy 25:2, pages 244.
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Jie Feng, Jianping Li, Ruiqiang Ding & Zoltan Toth. (2018) Comparison of Nonlinear Local Lyapunov Vectors and Bred Vectors in Estimating the Spatial Distribution of Error Growth. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75:4, pages 1073-1087.
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Vikram Khade, Jaison Kurian, Ping Chang, Istvan Szunyogh, Kristen Thyng & Raffaele Montuoro. (2017) Oceanic ensemble forecasting in the Gulf of Mexico: An application to the case of the Deep Water Horizon oil spill. Ocean Modelling 113, pages 171-184.
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Laure Raynaud & F. Bouttier. (2016) Comparison of initial perturbation methods for ensemble prediction at convective scale. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 142:695, pages 854-866.
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Emilia Paula Diaconescu & René Laprise. (2012) Singular vectors in atmospheric sciences: A review. Earth-Science Reviews 113:3-4, pages 161-175.
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Jong-Seong Kug, Yoo-Geun Ham, Masahide Kimoto, Fei-Fei Jin & In-Sik Kang. (2009) New approach for optimal perturbation method in ensemble climate prediction with empirical singular vector. Climate Dynamics 35:2-3, pages 331-340.
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Christopher L. Wolfe & Roger M. Samelson. (2008) Singular Vectors and Time-Dependent Normal Modes of a Baroclinic Wave-Mean Oscillation. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65:3, pages 875-894.
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David Kuhl, Istvan Szunyogh, Eric J. Kostelich, Gyorgyi Gyarmati, D. J. Patil, Michael Oczkowski, Brian R. Hunt, Eugenia Kalnay, Edward Ott & James A. Yorke. (2007) Assessing Predictability with a Local Ensemble Kalman Filter. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64:4, pages 1116-1140.
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Shigeo YODEN. (2007) Atmospheric Predictability. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II 85B, pages 77-102.
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João Teixeira, Carolyn A. Reynolds & Kevin Judd. (2007) Time Step Sensitivity of Nonlinear Atmospheric Models: Numerical Convergence, Truncation Error Growth, and Ensemble Design. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64:1, pages 175-189.
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S. Vannitsem. (2006) The Role of Scales in the Dynamics of Parameterization Uncertainties. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63:6, pages 1659-1671.
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W. Bourke, R. Buizza & M. Naughton. (2004) Performance of the ECMWF and the BoM Ensemble Prediction Systems in the Southern Hemisphere. Monthly Weather Review 132:10, pages 2338-2357.
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G. Rivière, B.L. Hua & P. Klein. (2004) Perturbation growth in terms of baroclinic alignment properties. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 130:600, pages 1655-1673.
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Mozheng Wei & Zoltan Toth. (2003) A New Measure of Ensemble Performance: Perturbation versus Error Correlation Analysis (PECA). Monthly Weather Review 131:8, pages 1549-1565.
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Ming Cai, Eugenia Kalnay & Zoltan Toth. (2003) Bred Vectors of the Zebiak–Cane Model and Their Potential Application to ENSO Predictions. Journal of Climate 16:1, pages 40-56.
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Eugenia Kalnay. 2012. Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability. Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability.
Robert N. Miller & Laura L. Ehret. (2002) Ensemble Generation for Models of Multimodal Systems. Monthly Weather Review 130:9, pages 2313-2333.
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Istvan Szunyogh, Zoltan Toth, Aleksey V. Zimin, Sharanya J. Majumdar & Anders Persson. (2002) Propagation of the Effect of Targeted Observations: The 2000 Winter Storm Reconnaissance Program. Monthly Weather Review 130:5, pages 1144-1165.
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I. Szunyogh & Z. Toth. (2002) The Effect of Increased Horizontal Resolution on the NCEP Global Ensemble Mean Forecasts. Monthly Weather Review 130:5, pages 1125-1143.
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Ronald Gelaro, Carolyn A. Reynolds & Ronald M. Errico. (2002) Transient and asymptotic perturbation growth in a simple model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 128:579, pages 205-227.
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A. Montani & A. J. Thorpe. (2002) Mechanisms leading to singular-vector growth for FASTEX cyclones. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 128:579, pages 131-148.
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Isla Gilmour, Leonard A. Smith & Roberto Buizza. (2001) Linear Regime Duration: Is 24 Hours a Long Time in Synoptic Weather Forecasting?. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 58:22, pages 3525-3539.
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Kevin K W Cheung. (2001) A review of ensemble forecasting techniques with a focus on tropical cyclone forecasting. Meteorological Applications 8:3, pages 315-332.
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