Electrochemical Determination of Butachlor by Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) by an Electropolymerized Polypyrrole Molecular Imprinted Polymer (MIP) Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE)

Abstract

Butachlor is a chloroacetanilide herbicide widely used worldwide. Bioaccumulation of butachlor is easily occurs in ecosystems because of its lipophilicity and stability. Herein, an electrochemical sensor based on in-situ electropolymerization of pyrrole-modified glassy carbon electrode for the determination of butachlor has been developed with the advantages of good selectivity and sensitivity. The molecularly imprinted polymer film was formed on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode by electropolymerization in a one-step process. Butachlor and pyrrole were used as the template and the monomer, respectively. The characterization of the prepared working electrode was investigated, and its electrochemical properties with butachlor were studied. Under the optimized conditions, the developed sensor provided a rapid and stable linear response to butachlor between 0.107 and 500 ng L⁻¹. A satisfactory limit of detection to butachlor was 0.0491 ng L⁻¹. The sensor was successfully applied to determine butachlor in water samples with good recovery (98.4 to 102%).

Keywords:

• Butachlor
• differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)
• glassy carbon electrode
• molecular imprinted polymer (MIP)
• one-step in-situ electropolymerized polypyrrole

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (Grant Number 2108085ME184), the Collaborative Innovation Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education (Grant Number GXXT-2021-057), and the Doctoral Scientific Research Startup Foundation of Anhui Jianzhu University (Grant Number 2020QDZ36).