Identification and comparative profiling of gonadal microRNAs in the adult pigeon (Columba livia)

ABSTRACT

1. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules that play crucial roles in gene expression. However, the comparative profiling of testicular and ovarian microRNAs in birds are rarely reported, particularly in pigeon.

2. In this study, Illumina next-generation sequencing technology was used to sequence miRNA libraries of the gonads from six healthy adult utility pigeons. A total of 344 conserved known miRNAs and 32 novel putative miRNAs candidates were detected. Compared with those of ovaries, 130 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified in the testes. Among them, 70 miRNAs showed down-regulation in the ovaries, while another 60 miRNAs were up-regulated.

3. Combining the results of the expression of target gene measurements and pathway enrichment analyses, it was revealed that some DEmiRNAs from the gonad samples involved in sexual differentiation and development (such as cli-miR-210-3p and cli-miR-214-3p) could down-regulate AR (androgen receptor). Cli-miR-181b-5p, cli-miR-9622-3p and cli-miR-145-5p were highly expressed in both the ovaries and testes, which could co-target HOXC9, and were related to regulation of primary metabolic processes. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that DEmiRNAs may play biological and sex-related roles in pigeon gonads.

4. The expression profiles of testicular and ovarian miRNA in adult pigeon gonads are presented for the first time, and the findings may contribute to a better understanding of gonadal expression in poultry.

KEYWORDS:

• Pigeon
• ovary
• testis
• miRNA
• gonad

Acknowledgments

We kindly acknowledge two anonymous reviewers for their fruitful and critical comments.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Data availability statement

The supplemental data that support the findings of this study are openly available in figshare at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8088848.v1. Sequence data have been deposited in the NCBI Short Read Archive (SRA), and are publicly-available under the accession numbers SRR8961677 - SRR8961682.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed here.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Major Program of Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China under Grant No. KJ2016SD22; the Higher Education Revitalization Program of Anhui Province under Grant No. 2015zdjy035; the Graduate Innovation Foundation of Anhui Normal University (No. 2018kycx055; No. 2018kycx058).