Characterisation of the complete mitochondrial genome, genetic diversity and maternal origin of Huainan Partridge chicken

ABSTRACT

1. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the complete mitochondrial genome, genetic diversity and maternal origin of Huainan Partridge chicken (HPC).

2. One complete mitochondrial genome and 37 complete D-loop regions of HPC were sequenced. Moreover, 400 mitochondrial genome D-loop sequences of Chinese native chicken were downloaded from the National Centre for Biotechnology Information database.

3. The complete HPC genome was 16,785 bp in size, including 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes and one non-coding control region. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of HPC were 0.964, and 0.00615, respectively. Twenty-three variable sites defining 22 haplotypes were identified, and the 22 haplotypes were distributed into three haplogroups (A, B, and C).

4. In conclusion, HPC has a typical vertebrate mitochondrial genome, relatively high haplotype diversity, relatively low nucleotide diversity, and potentially three maternal lineages. HPC showed considerable genetic information exchange with Southwest Chinese chicken populations and had not admixed with European commercial breeds in the course of domestication.

KEYWORDS:

• Mitochondrial genome
• D-loop region
• genetic diversity
• maternal origin
• domestic chicken

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Supplementary material

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Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Key Science and Technology Program of Anhui Province [1704a07020091]; the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province [1808085QC61], Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding [2019B030301010]; and Provincial Innovative Training Program for College Student [201910364038 and 201910364030].