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Case Reports

Covid-19 infection-induced neuromyelitis optica: a case report

, ORCID Icon &
Pages 999-1004 | Received 08 Jun 2020, Accepted 10 Nov 2020, Published online: 30 Dec 2020
 

Abstract

Introduction

Acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (Covid-19) can infect the respiratory system, as well as the central, peripheral nervous system, and muscles, leading to neurological symptoms and signs. The most common neurological symptoms are dizziness, headache, impaired consciousness, ataxia, hypogosis, hyposmia, neuralgia, and myalgia. The most common neurological diseases are acute cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy, miyelitis, and Gullian-Barre syndrome.

Methods

In this case report, a patient infected with Covid-19 and diagnosed as neuromyelitis optica (NMO) with anamnesis, clinical and radiological findings is presented.

Results

A 50-year-old woman presented with weakness of both legs, urine retention, high fever, and cough. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging revealed expensive long-segment and centrally located demyelinating lesion extending from the cervical cord (at the level of C3) to the conus. Thoracic-computerized tomography revealed consolidation areas located on the lower segments of bilateral lungs and ground-glass density, air bronchograms, and peribronchial thickening surrounding these areas. Aquaporin-4 immune globulin-G was found to be positive.

Conclusion

It was considered appropriate to present this case because of being the first case of parainfectious NMO considered to be induced by SARS-CoV-2.

Acknowledgments

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from the patient included in the study.

Authors’ contributions

MB and AKA conceptualized the study. MB and AKA contributed to methodology. MB contributed to formal analysis and investigation. MB, AKA, and HM contributed to writing – original draft preparation. AKA and HM contributed to writing – review and editing. MB provided resources. AKA and HM supervised the study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

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