Diabetes is an independent predictor of severe acute pancreatitis

ABSTRACT

We aimed to determine the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) and whether diabetes is a predictor of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). A total of 181 patients diagnosed with a first attack of AP in our hospital were retrospectively evaluated. AP severity was evaluated and compared between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Independent factors predicting SAP were identified with a binary logistic regression model. Of the 164 patients [108 (65.9%) women, 56 (34.1%) men] enrolled in the study, 35 patients (21.3%) had been diagnosed with DM, while 129 (78.7%) did not have DM. SAP, necrotizing pancreatitis, and local complications were observed to be more common among diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients (all P < 0.001), while the incidences of systemic complications and transient or persistent organ failure were similar between the groups. The incidences of DM and cancer were higher in the SAP group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.033, respectively). The presence of DM (OR: 3.246, 95% CI: 1.278–8.244, P = 0.013), high (≥3) Ranson score (OR: 3.529, 95% CI: 1.342–9.280, P = 0.011), and high maximum C-reactive protein level (OR: 1.005, 95% CI: 1.001–1.010, P = 0.046) were independent risk factors predicting SAP. DM is both a risk factor for SAP and an independent predictor of SAP. Evaluation of the presence of DM at the time of diagnosis can help predict SAP in a considerably early phase.

KEYWORDS:

• Diabetes mellitus
• acute pancreatitis
• complications
• necrosis
• organ failure

Disclosure of any financial/other conflicts of interest

The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.

Authors’ contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation and data collection were performed by ETD. Data interpretation was performed by ETD, İA and MY. The first draft of the manuscript was written by ETD and edited by İA, MY. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Ethics approval

The Ethics Committee of our institute approved this study regarding the principles of the Helsinki Declaration (Clinical Research Ethics Committee University of Health Sciences, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Approval number: 31/26).

Consent to participate

Informed consent was not required due to the retrospective design of the study.

Consent for publication

All authors approved the final version and publication of the manuscript.

Data Availability statement

The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.