https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2958-6909
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ABSTRACT
Objectives
The Clarke questionnaire, validated in Spanish language, assesses hypoglycemia awareness in patients with type 1 diabetes. This study aimed to analyze its psychometric properties in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods
This was a questionnaire validation study. Patients with T2DM and treated with insulin, sulfonylureas or glinides were consecutively recruited from six endocrinology consultations and six primary care centers. The internal structure of the 8-item Clarke questionnaire was analyzed by exploratory (training sample) and confirmatory (testing sample) factor analysis; the internal consistency using Omega’s McDonald coefficient; and goodness of fit with comparative fit index (CFI, cutoff >0.9), Goodness of Fit Index (GFI, cutoff >0.9), and root mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA, cutoff <0.09), as well as unidimensionality indicators.
Results
The 265 participants (56.8% men) had a mean age of 67.8 years. Confirmatory factor analysis for one dimension obtained poor indicators: fit test (p < 0.001); CFI = 0.748; RMSEA = 0.122 and SRMR = 0.134. Exploratory factor analysis showed 2 or 3 dimensions with poor adjustment indicators. Omega’s McDonald was 0.739.
Conclusions
The Spanish version of the Clarke questionnaire was not valid or reliable for assessing hypoglycemia awareness in people with T2DM in Spanish population.
Declaration of financial/other relationships
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.
Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no relevant financial or other relationships to disclose.