Additive manufacturing of WMoTaTi refractory high-entropy alloy by employing fluidised powders

ABSTRACT

In this study, WMoTaTi refractory high-entropy alloy was successfully fabricated via selective laser melting (SLM) using pre-alloyed powders by mechanical milling combined with gas–solid fluidisation. Fluidisation effectively improves the particle sphericity and thus its spreading performance suitable for SLM. Processing parameters were investigated in terms of laser power, hatching space and scanning rate. The relative density of WMoTaTi made by SLM (SLMed) reaches 95.8 ± 1.4%, and it consisted of dominant BCC phase and minor HCP phase. The slight precipitation of HCP Ti was driven due to the non-equilibrium solidification during ultra-rapid cooling by SLM. The microhardness of WMoTaTi via SLM is 617.2 ± 4.1 HV, preferable to those fabricated by traditional manufacturing processes. The sound microhardness is resulted from the fine grain size and nano-sized HCP precipitates, which favour dislocation pinning and promote strength. This work demonstrates that SLMed WMoTaTi has sound mechanical properties while using the cost-affordable pre-alloyed powders by fluidisation.

KEYWORDS:

• Additive manufacturing
• refractory high-entropy alloy
• powder modification
• microstructure
• fluidisation

Acknowledgements

This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.: 51971036), Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program (No.: 2019JZZY010327), and National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.: 2021YFB3701900).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 51971036]; Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program [grant number 2019JZZY010327]; National Key Research and Development Program of China [grant number 2021YFB3701900].