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Articles

Sociospatial Factors Explaining Daylight Saving Preferences in Australia

Pages 765-774 | Received 18 Nov 2020, Accepted 07 Apr 2021, Published online: 30 Jul 2021
 

Abstract

The regulation of time and time zones is a fundamentally geographical process that receives surprisingly little scholarly attention. Since the widespread adoption of internationally coordinated time during the industrial revolution, there have been only minor adjustments to the global distribution of time zones, most significantly in the implementation of daylight saving. Conceived as a way to adjust for the relatively longer length of summer daylight hours, the practice of daylight saving involves a twice-yearly shift to account for greater human activity in the evening than during early mornings. Recent developments, however, including increasing urbanization and asynchronous work schedules, have prompted many policymakers to reconsider time zone regulation and, in particular, daylight saving as a mechanism for seasonal adjustment. In this study, we examine sociospatial variables that explain preference for daylight saving in eastern Australia, where acrimonious debates scaffold the political and regulatory basis for its implementation. Focusing on a comparative analysis between Queensland—which does not observe daylight saving—and the remainder of the eastern Australian states and territories—which do observe daylight saving—we take an exploratory approach using inferential statistics to analyze which geographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and demographic variables explain a stated preference for daylight saving. We find that geographical and lifestyle variables are most influential in predicting daylight saving preference. With the exception of those north of the Tropic of Capricorn, all groups favor daylight saving, most by a large margin. Set against a local movement to implement daylight saving and a global movement to eliminate it, this study has important findings for time zone policy, suggesting that the logics underpinning such policy should be informed by latitudinal and longitudinal alignment, as well as contemporary lifestyle considerations.

时间和时区管理主要是一个地理过程。但令人惊讶的是, 它很少受到学术界的关注。自工业革命时期开始广泛采用国际协调时间以来, 全球时区分布只经历了一些微小调整, 其中最重要的是夏时制的实施。针对相对较长的夏季日光时间, 夏时制一年两次进行调整, 以适应人类晚上活动多于清晨的事实。然而, 近来的发展(包括日益加剧的城市化和不同的工作时间), 促使许多决策者重新考虑时区管制, 特别是做为季节性调整机制的夏时制。针对澳大利亚东部是否实行夏时制, 我们探讨了能够解释这种选择的社会空间变量。在澳大利亚东部, 激烈的辩论为实行夏时制提供了政治和监管基础。本文对昆士兰州(不实行夏时制)和澳大利亚东部其它州和地区(实行夏时制)进行了对比分析。采用探索性方法, 利用推断统计方法分析了哪些地理、社会经济、生活方式和人口统计变量能够解释夏时制的选择。我们发现, 地理和生活方式是预测夏时制选择的最重要变量。除了南回归线以北的地区, 所有人群都选择夏时制并且具有统计上的显著性。通过比较地方推行夏时制和全球取消夏时制的行动, 本研究为时区政策提供了重要线索, 建议全面考虑其中的横向和纵向因素、以及当代生活方式。

La regulación del tiempo y de los husos horarios en un proceso fundamentalmente geográfico al cual sorprendentemente se le presta muy poca atención en la academia. Desde la adopción generalizada del tiempo coordinado internacionalmente durante la revolución industrial, solo se han hecho escasos ajustes a la distribución global de los husos horarios, de manera más significativa en la implementación del horario de verano. Concebido como la manera de ajustarse a la longitud relativamente mayor de las horas de luz solar del verano, la práctica del horario de verano implica un cambio dual para tomar en cuenta la mayor actividad humana en las horas de la noche que durante las mañanas tempraneras. Sin embargo, desarrollos recientes que incluyen el incremento de la urbanización y horarios de trabajo asincrónicos, han llevado a muchos legisladores a reconsiderar las regulaciones de husos horarios y, en particular, el horario de verano como mecanismos para ajustes estacionales. En este estudio examinamos las variables socioespaciales que explican la preferencia por el horario de verano en el oriente de Australia, donde agrios debates reflejan el andamiaje que sustenta las bases políticas y reguladoras para su implementación. Enfocándonos en un análisis comparativo entre Queensland –que no aplica el horario de verano– y el resto de los estados y territorios australianos orientales –que sí lo observan– adoptamos un enfoque exploratorio usando estadísticas inferenciales para analizar que variables geográficas, socioeconómicas, demográficas y de estilo de vida explican una preferencia declarada para el ahorro de tiempo que representa el horario de verano. Hallamos que las variables geográficas y de estilo de vida son las que tienen la mayor influencia en predecir la preferencia por el horario de verano. Con excepción de los que están al norte del Trópico de Capricornio, todos los grupos están a favor del horario de verano, la mayoría por amplio margen. Enfrentado a un movimiento local para implementar el horario de verano y a un movimiento global que busca eliminarlo, este estudio registra importantes hallazgos para las políticas de los husos horarios, con la sugerencia de que la lógica que subraya tal política debe consultar el alineamiento latitudinal y longitudinal, lo mismo que consideraciones del estilo de vida contemporáneo.

Notes

1 Arizona’s Navajo Nation, located in the state’s northeast, does observe DST.

2 Excluding overseas territories.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Thomas Sigler

THOMAS SIGLER is a Human Geographer in the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at The University of Queensland in Brisbane, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests focus on the impacts of globalization on cities.

Hayley Boyd

HAYLEY BOYD is an Urban Planner working in Brisbane, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]. She holds a bachelor’s degree in regional and town planning from The University of Queensland.

Anthony Kimpton

ANTHONY KIMPTON is a Geographer and Sociologist currently employed as a Postdoctoral Research Fellow within the School of Civil Engineering at The University of Queensland, Brisbane, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]. His research career objective is to support evidence-based policy to ensure smart, equitable, and greener cities where communities are socially resilient, sustainable, inclusive, and thriving.

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