Dysmagnesemia as a predictor of developing diabetic levels of hemoglobin A1c

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the possible association between P-Mg and subsequent high levels of HbA_1c. The study involves data from primary health care patients and data from patients treated in hospitals located in the capital region of Denmark. P-Mg and HbA_1c levels were analyzed from 121,575 patients in the period 2010–2022. Patients were categorized in a diabetic and non-diabetic group. Out of 121,575 patients, 8,532 were categorized as diabetic. A reverse J-shaped association between P-Mg and HbA_1c levels ≥ 48 mmol/mol was observed with nadir at P-Mg of 0.90 mmol/L. The unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) for having a first HbA_1c measurement ≥ 48 mmol/mol is 1.54 (95% Cl 1.50; 1.57) per 0.1 mmol/L decrease in P-Mg when P-Mg is lower than 0.90 mmol/L. After adjusting for age and gender, the HR remained significant at 1.45 (95% Cl 1.41; 1.48).

For P-Mg levels above 0.90 mmol/L, the unadjusted HR per 0.1 mmol/L increase in P-Mg was 1.04 (95% Cl 1.02; 1.06). After adjusting for age and gender the HR remained significant at 1.06 (95% Cl 1.05; 1.08). In conclusion, this study found that patients with dysmagnesemia have a higher risk of developing diabetes even after adjusting for age and gender. Hyper- or hypomagnesemia in patients could be a biomarker for predicting the risk of developing diabetes.

Keywords:

• HbA_1c
• magnesium
• hypomagnesemia
• type 2 diabetes

Ethical approval

Since data is based on anonymized data neither approval from the Ethics Committee nor collection of informed consent was needed.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest in relation to the given study.

Additional information

Funding

No funding to declare for the given study.