Abstract
The Universal Hydrographic Data Model is a new generation of marine geographic information data model, referred to as S-100 standard. In addition to supporting Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) production, S-100 can be used as a Geographic Information System standard to model all maritime objects. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive study on S-100. In this review, we begin with a succinct overview of the history and development of S-100. Then we discussed the problems of S-100 and the corresponding solutions. Finally, some research directions of S-100 are proposed to provide reference for future research and application.