Precise Point Positioning with GNSS Raw Measurements from an Android Smartphone in Marine Environment Monitoring

Abstract

In the next generation, the use of dual-frequency Embedded GNSS Chipset in the smart devices, which will be widely used in engineering applications, has been used for the first time in Xiaomi Mi8. Considering this development dynamics, a kinematic test was carried out in the marine environment monitoring with a geodetic GNSS receiver and an android smartphone in Turkey Oyak Port. According to the results of the test, RMSE for horizontal coordinate components were found as 0.0423 m and 5.9493 m for reference solution and PPP-AR solution of geodetic receiver, and reference solution and PPP solution of smartphone, respectively. Moreover, the positional errors of individual epochs were computed as 0.0411 m and 4.6871 m with respect to given order. The solution obtained from Xiaomi Mi8 raw GNSS data with PPP approach provides the Order 2 for hydrographic survey standards IHO S-44 in terms of Total Horizontal Uncertainty (THU).

Keywords:

• Android smartphone
• GNSS
• hydrographic surveying
• PPP
• PPP-AR

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to acknowledge the Marinmet Company for obtaining GNSS data from vessel and NRCan (CSRS-PPP) and NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (GipsyX) for processing the GNSS data.

Author’s contributions

Conceptualization, N.T., T.O., A.H.D.; Methodology, N.T., T.O., A.H.D.; Formal Analysis, N.T., T.O.; Investigation, N.T., T.O., A.H.D.; Data Curation, A.H.D.; Writing – Original Draft Preparation, N.T., T.O.; Writing – Review & Editing, N.T. and A.H.D.; Visualization, A.H.D.; Supervision, N.T., T.O.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.