The Association between Consumption of Dairy-Originated Digestion Resistant and Bioactive Peptides and Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Bioactive peptides (BPs) content of dairy products is suggested to be a significant ingredient for reducing breast cancer (BC) risk. There is no observational study regarding the correlation between BPs and the risk of chronic disease because BPs’ content of food items has not been evaluated in any study. The goal of the current study was to assess the association of dairy-originated BPs with BC risk. One hundred thirty-four women with BC and 267 cancer-free controls were selected from referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The development of an in-silico model for estimation of the bioactive and digestion-resistant peptides content of dairy products was done in our previous research. The risk assessment for BPs and BC association was performed across the tertiles of the peptide’s intake. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression. The negative association of all bioactive and digestion-resistant peptides except for peptides with high hydrophilicity and low bioactivity was seen in all models. In PR-negative subjects only the association of total dairy intake (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.26-1.45; P _{for trend}: 0.276), peptides with low bioactivity (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.16-1.02; P _{for trend}: 0.0.052), antidiabetic peptides (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.17-1.05; P _{for trend}: 0.0.062) and di-peptides (OR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.17-1.05; P _{for trend}: 0.0.062) were not significant in the final model. Also, no significant association between ER-negative subjects and total dairy intake (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.16-1.07; P _{for trend}: 0.0.068) was noted. Our findings deduced that milk-derived BPs negatively associate with the risk of ER/PR/HER2 negative BC among Iranian women.

Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.2009884

Disclosure Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Consent for Publication

Not applicable

Authors’ Contributions

Conception/Design: Masoumeh Jabbari. Collection and/or Assembly of Data: Meisam Barati, Mahdi Shabani, Elham Kazemian. Data Analysis and Interpretation: Sajad Khalili-Moghadam and Fardin Javanmardi. Original Draft Preparation: Fardin Javanmardi, Elaheh Hatami, Reihaneh Zeinalian, Bahram Rashidkhani, Shima Jafarzadeh, Elcin Huseyn. Supervision: Sayed Hossein Davoodi and Amin Mousavi Khaneghah. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

This study is related to project NO 26437 from the Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. We are also grateful to the Student Research Committee and the Research and Technology Chancellor in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for their financial support of this study.