Dietary Manganese Intake and Risk of Liver Cancer in Japanese Men and Women: The JACC Study

Abstract

We explored the association between dietary manganese intake and the risk of liver cancer in 14,517 men and 21,583 women who participated in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Cancer Risk Assessment. We assessed dietary manganese intake using a food frequency questionnaire and incident liver cancer by reviewing cancer registries. According to manganese intake, we estimated the liver cancer risk by Cox regression analyses. During the 513,657 person-year follow-ups within a median of 17.9 years of 36,100 participants, there were 239 incident cases of liver cancer. The multivariable hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]; P-trend) for liver cancer risk in the highest vs. the lowest quintiles of dietary manganese intake was 0.56 (0.32–0.99; 0.04) in men and 1.16 (0.56–2.40; 0.79) in women; P-interaction = 0.06. The history of liver disease modified the observed association in men (P-interaction = 0.02), in which the multivariable HR (95%CI) of liver cancer risk comparing the highest vs. lowest quintiles of dietary manganese intake was 0.32 (0.14–0.74) in Japanese men without a history of liver disease, while it was 1.54 (0.62–3.79) in men with a history of liver disease. In conclusion, a higher dietary manganese intake was associated with a lower risk of liver cancer in men without a history of liver disease.

Acknowledgments

We thank the entire list of the JACC Study collaborators and participants. We also thank our et al., from Osaka University Center of Medical Data Science, Advanced Clinical Epidemiology Investigator’s Research Project, for providing their insights and expertise in our research.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funding agencies in this study made no decisions regarding study design, data collection, data analysis, manuscript preparation, or decision to publish.

Data Availability Statement

Available upon justified requests to the steering committee of the JACC study; Prof. Akiko Tamakoshi: [email protected]

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (MEXT) (MonbuKagaku-sho); Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas of Cancer; Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas of Cancer Epidemiology from MEXT (nos. 61010076, 62010074, 63010074, 1010068, 2151065, 3151064, 4151063, 5151069, 6279102, 11181101, 17015022, 18014011, 20014026, 20390156, 26293138), and JSPS KAKENHI (16H06277). This research was also supported by the Grants-in-Aid from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Health and Labor Sciences research grants, Japan (Comprehensive Research on Cardiovascular Disease and Life-Style Related Diseases: H20–Junkankitou [Seishuu]–Ippan–013; H23–Junkankitou [Seishuu]–Ippan–005), and Intramural Research Fund (22-4-5) for Cardiovascular Diseases of the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center; Comprehensive Research on Cardiovascular Diseases and Life-Style-Related Diseases (H26-Junkankitou [Seisaku]-Ippan-001) and H29–Junkankitou [Seishuu]–Ippan–003)