Variation of Ozone in the Pantanal Environment Based on Probability Distributions

ABSTRACT

The tropospheric ozone column (O₃) plays a fundamental role in terrestrial life, particularly in climate variability, and protects the terrestrial biosphere from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The study investigates the variation of the O₃ concentration column in the Pantanal based on probability distributions. The adequacy of the Log Normal (LN), GUM (Gumbel) and GEV (Generalized Extreme Values) distributions were tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), D (Anderson-Darling), AIC (Akaike Information Criterion), BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion), R²(coefficient of determination) and RMSE (root mean square error) tests in the period from 2005 to 2020. In most months investigated, the Pantanal follows the GUM and GEV probability distributions. In addition, monthly means of O₃ and standard deviations were calculated. It is worth mentioning the variability of O₃ and the impact on climate change.

KEYWORDS:

• Probability function
• ozone
• climate change
• wetland
• pollution
• health

Consent to participate

All authors declare their consent to participate in the article.

Authors contributions

Conceptualization, A.S, J.F.O.J, M.C.A, F.A, W.A.F, R.S.C.N, G.H.C, C.M.S, CJR, U D methodology, A.S., J.F.O.J., M.C.A. and G.H.C.; validation, A.S., J.F.O.J., M.C.A., G.H.C., F.A., W.A.F., RSCN., GH.C., C.M.S.; formal analysis, A.S., J.F.O.J., M.C.A. and G.H.C. writing - preparation of original draft, A.S., J.F.O.J., M.C.A., G.H.C., F.A., W.A.F., RSCN., GH.C., C.M.S., CJR, U D; writing - proofreading and editing, A.S., J.F.O.J., M.C.A., G.H.C., F.A., CJR, U D; visualization, A.S., J.F.O.J., M.C.A.; supervision, A.S., J.F.O.J., M.C.A. All authors read and agreed with the published version of the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Availability of data and materials

This research was supported by the Universities and by the UFMS Air Quality Laboratory. We would like to acknowledge the use of data from the tropospheric NO₂ column at http://aura.gsfc.nasa.gov/lindex.html

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.