Preparation, characterisation and in vitro antibacterial property of ciprofloxacin-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier for treatment of Bacillus subtilis infection

Abstract

Context: In this study, controlled ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) nanostrustructured lipid carriers of Precirol^® ATO 5/Transcutol^® HP (batch A) and tallow fat/Transcutol^® HP (batch B) was carreid out. Objective: The aim was to improve solubility and bioavailability of CIPRO.

Objective: Study of controlled ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) nanostructured lipid carriers of Precirol^® ATO 5/Transcutol^® HP (batch A) and tallow fat/Transcutol^® HP (batch B).

Methods: CIPRO concentrations C_1–5 (0.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0% w/w) as AC_1–5 and BC_1–5 were prepared by hot homogenisation and characterised by zetasizer, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, in vitro drug release and growth inhibitory zone diameter (IZD) on agar-seeded Bacillus subtilis.

Results: AC₅ achieved polydispersed particles of ∼605 nm, 92% encapsulation efficiency (EE) and –28 mV similar to BC₅ (∼789 nm, 91% EE, and –31 mV). Crystallinity indices (AC₅ and BC₅) were low at 3 and 5%, respectively. CIPRO release in AC₅ was ∼98% in SGF (pH 1.2) and BC₅ similarly ∼98% in SIF (pH 6.8).

Conclusions: AC₅ had superior growth inhibition of B. subtilis at lower concentration (1.2 µg/mL) than BC₅ and CIPRO controls; hence could serve as possible sustained delivery system of CIPRO.

Keywords:

• Inhibition zone diameter
• ciprofloxacin
• Bacillus subtilis
• nanostructured lipid carriers
• antimicrobial activity

Acknowledgements

We appreciate the assistance of Mr. Kalu Ogboso for antimicrobial studies and Dr. Chiara Rossi for SEM analysis. We thank Phospholipid GmbH Köln, Germany, BASF Ludwigshafen, Germany and Gattefossé, St. Priest, France for gift samples of Phospholipon^® 90G; Poloxamer^® 188 and Solutol^® HS 15; and Precirol^® ATO 5 and Transcutol^® HP, respectively.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.