Synthesis and bioactivity assessment of Coccinia grandis L. extract encapsulated alginate nanoparticles as an antidiabetic drug lead

Abstract

Aim

This study aimed to prepare, characterise, and evaluate the antidiabetic activity of Coccinia grandis (L.) extracts encapsulated alginate nanoparticles.

Methods

Alginate nanoparticles were prepared using the ionic gelation method and characterised by encapsulation efficiency %w/w, loading capacity %w/w, particle size analysis, zeta potential, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vitro antidiabetic activity was also evaluated.

Results

Encapsulation efficiency %w/w, loading capacity %w/w, mean diameter, zeta potential of C. grandis encapsulated alginate nanoparticles ranged from 10.51 ± 0.51 to 62.01 ± 1.28%w/w, 0.39 ± 0.04 to 3.12 ± 0.11%w/w, 191.9 ± 76.7 to 298.9 ± 89.6 nm, −21.3 ± 3.3 to −28.4 ± 3.4 mV, respectively. SEM and FTIR confirmed that particles were in nano range with spherical shape and successful encapsulation of plant extracts into an alginate matrix. The antidiabetic potential of aqueous extract of C. grandis encapsulated alginate nanoparticles (AqCG-ANP) exhibited inhibition in α-amylase, α-glucosidase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzymes of 60.8%c/c, 19.1%c/c, and 30.3%c/c, respectively, compared to the AqCG.

Conclusion

The AqCG-ANP exerted promising antidiabetic potential as an antidiabetic drug lead.

Keywords:

• Alginate nanoparticle
• antidiabetic activity
• Coccinia grandis
• polyphenol

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The World Bank under Accelerating Higher Education Expansion and Development (AHEAD), Sri Lanka (AHEAD/DOR STEM-15) is acknowledged for financial assistance.