Thermo-metallo-mechanical modelling of heat treatment induced residual stress in Ti–6Al–4V alloy

ABSTRACT

Residual stress fields dynamically fluctuate throughout the manufacturing process of metallic components and are caused by local misfit of a thermal, mechanical or metallurgical nature. Recent advances have been made in the area of microstructure and residual stress prediction; yet few have considered dual-phase titanium alloys. The aim of the work presented was to carry out a review of the existing state-of-the-art in residual stress modelling with an intended application to industrial heat treatment of Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Four areas were evaluated: thermal, mechanical and metallurgical sub-models, and model validation via residual stress measurement. Recommendations for future research include further investigation of transformation induced plasticity and stress relaxation behaviour in Ti–6Al–4V.

This review was submitted as part of the 2019 Materials Literature Review Prize of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining run by the Editorial Board of MST. Sponsorship of the prize by TWI Ltd is gratefully acknowledged.

KEYWORDS:

• Residual stress
• titanium alloys
• Ti–6Al–4V
• phase transformation
• numerical simulation
• heat treatment
• stress relaxation

Acknowledgements

The author is grateful for the guidance of Dr. S. Rahimi. This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) grant (EP/1015698/1). The author would also like to thank TIMET and Aubert & Duval for their support on the project. The research was performed at the Advanced Forming Research Centre (AFRC), which receives partial financial support from the UK’s High Value Manufacturing Catapult.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

ORCID

W. Rae http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7514-2359

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) grant (EP/1015698/1).