Optical characterisation of dyed liquid crystal cells

ABSTRACT

The guest-host liquid crystal display, first proposed in 1968, relies on controlling the orientation of dichroic dyes dissolved in a nematic liquid crystal host. Controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal and of the dissolved dye with an electric field allows control of the transmittance of the cell. Knowing the dielectric properties at optical frequencies of the dye and liquid crystal mixtures is crucial for the optimal design of guest-host liquid crystal devices. In this work, the dielectric functions of various layers in liquid crystal cells are described by models obeying the Kramers-Kronig relations: the Sellmeier equation for transparent layers and the causal Gaussian oscillator model for absorbing layers. We propose a systematic way to accurately model the dielectric response of each layer by minimising the sum of squared differences between the measured transmittance spectrum of a guest-host cell in the near-UV/vis range and the prediction of the transmittance of the modelled multilayer structure. By measuring the transmittance for incident light polarised parallel and perpendicular to the nematic director allows us to separately characterise the two principal dielectric functions of the uniaxial sample. Our results show that the causal Gaussian oscillator model can accurately characterise the dielectric functions of dyes in liquid crystals.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS:

• Dielectric functions
• dichroic dyes
• guest-host liquid crystals
• causal Gaussian oscillator model

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The dye-mixtures are provided by AlphaMicron Inc. This work was supported by Air Force contract FA8649-20-C-0011 as part of the STTR AF18B-T003 Electronically Dimmable Eye Protection Devices (EDEPD) program and by the Office of Naval Research through the MURI on Photomechanical Material Systems [ONR N00014-18-1-2624].