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Notes
1. The Freedom Charter was a document ratified at the Congress of the People held at Kliptown,Soweto, South Africa in June Citation1955 by the various member bodies of the Congress Alliance. The policies set out in the Charter included a demand for a multi-racial, democratically elected government, equal opportunities, the nationalization of banks, mines, and heavy industries, and a redistribution of land.
2. UK government stockpiles containing protective equipment for healthcare workers in the event of a pandemic fell in value by almost 40%, from £831 m in 2013 to £506 m by March 2019 – a cut of £325 m (Guardian, Citation2020). The utilisation rates of hospitals had also been increased above their safe levels – rates which leave room for increased needs – by austerity cuts. And most appalling were the cuts to social care.
3. Kaleckiwarned that lasting full employment might strengthen the hands of workers, leading to opposition from ‘business leaders’, who would ‘probably find more than one economist to declare that the situation was manifestly unsound’ (Citation1943, 144).