Determination of andrographolide sodium bisulfite in renal microdialysis fluid of rats and toxicokinetic study

Abstract

Andrographolide sodium bisulfite (ASB) widely used for intestinal infections and respiratory tract infections. It has been reported to frequently cause acute renal failure in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nephrotoxicity and toxicokinetics in Sprague-Dawley rats after a single-dose injection of ASB administered at 100, 600, and 1000 mg/kg via intravenous tail injections. The concentrations in plasma and kidney microdialysates were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels in plasma were determined and toxicokinetic parameters were observed. In plasma and kidney, the elimination constant and clearance were decreased and the half-time was increased with increasing dose. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were positively correlated with ASB concentration indicating the potential for accumulation in kidney that can eventually lead to damage.

Keywords:

• Andrographolide sodium bisulfite
• creatinine
• microdialysis
• nephrotoxicity
• toxicokinetics

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This project was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 81173650]; Medicine and Health Science and Technology Plan Project of Zhejiang Province [grant number 2011KYB056]; University Student Science and Technology Innovation Activity Plan of Zhejiang Province [grant number 2017R410051].