Visible light–driven photodegradation of Noxious methyl orange dye by Pd @ WO₃ nanocomposite catalysts in aqueous solution

ABSTRACT

In this work, the Pd@WO₃ nanocomposites were prepared successfully and fabricated by a effortless, simple hydrothermal method. These nanocomposites were confirmed and characterised by different technical tools by analysing the properties of structural, morphological and optical characteristics. The structural morphology of Pd@WO₃ nanocomposite was delivered by SEM and TEM analysis. The prepared Pd@WO₃ was utilised as catalyst for the degradation of methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation within 80 min, respectively. The higher degradation efficacy is mainly due to the synergistic effect in between the Pd and WO₃, which decreases the charge carrier (electron–hole) recombination rate. Super oxide and hydroxyl radicals played a major part in degradation reaction, which was confirmed on performing radical trapping experiments. We are delighted to see the activity of Pd@WO₃ photocatalyst was unaltered even after the fifth cycle and we also proposed possible mechanism for photocatalytic degradation. This Pd@WO₃ photocatalyst gives a new beginning for further research studies.

KEYWORDS:

• Photodegradation
• visible light–enhanced catalyst
• PD@WO₃
• surface morphology
• methyl orange

Credit authorship contribution statement

L. T. Parvathi: Conceptualisation, investigation, Writing – original draft, Data curation. M. Arunpandian: Resources, Writing – original draft, validation, visualization, formal analysis. D. Sivaganesh: Methodology, formal analysis. E. R. Nagarajan: Validation, formal analysis. S. Karuthapandian: Supervision, writing – review and editing.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Data availability statement

There are no additional associated data available towards this manuscript

Additional information

Funding

There is no funding received towards this work.