Improved TOGI-Based Voltage and Frequency Control for PMSG Feeding Single-Phase Loads in Isolated Pico-Hydro Generation

ABSTRACT

This paper deals with the performance of a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) for stand-alone pico-hydro generation feeding single-phase load using improved third-order generalized integrator (ITOGI). The proposed control algorithm is used for load balancing, harmonics mitigation and reactive power compensation when a three-phase PMSG feeds a single-phase nonlinear load. A PMSG, voltage source converter (VSC), three-phase diode bridge rectifier (DBR) circuit connected in series with an IGBT switch-based DC–DC converter and a single-phase consumer load are parallelly interfaced at the point of common interface (PCI). The voltage and frequency of the proposed system are controlled in a decoupled manner. The VSC is used for voltage control by providing reactive power compensation along with the power quality improvement. The duty ratio from the frequency controller to IGBT switch connected in series with DBR circuit regulates the system frequency by feeding excess power into an auxiliary load. An ITOGI-based control algorithm is used to extract the fundamental component of load current for power quality improvement by providing proper switching pulses to VSC. The comparative analysis of already existing major state of art techniques is given with proposed ITOGI-based control technique using a Bode diagram and a step response. An appropriate tuning procedure is provided for deciding the control parameters for this algorithm. Simulated behaviour of proposed system and experimental test results are demonstrated using the prototype developed in the laboratory. The feasibility of this control strategy is illustrated using dynamic and steady-state performances of the proposed system feeding the single-phase consumer loads.

Keywords:

• Improved third-order generalized integrator (ITOGI)
• Pico-hydro
• PMSG
• Power quality
• Voltage and frequency controller (VFC)
• Voltage source converter (VSC)

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Indo-UK SERI-II: [grant number RP03357]; Indo-UK Project-UKCERI-I: [grant number RP03391]; J. C. Bose Fellowship: [grant number RP03128].

Notes on contributors

Vineet P. Chandran

Vineet P Chandran was born in Thrissur (Kerala), India, in 1987. He received the BTech degree in electrical and electronics engineering from Amrita University, Kollam, India, in 2009, and the MTech degree in power systems from the National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra, Haryana, India, in 2011. He is currently working toward the PhD degree in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. His areas of research interests include power electronics, hydro-based energy systems and integration of renewable energy-based micro-grid.

Shadab Murshid

Shadab Murshid was born in Patna, Bihar, India, in 1991. He received his BE in electrical engineering from ZHCET (AMU), Aligarh, India, in 2013. He joined for MTech degree at Indian Institute of Technology Delhi in 2013. He is currently working towards his PhD degree at Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD), New Delhi, India. His areas of interest include electric drives, wind energy conversion systems, applications of adaptive and intelligent control for renewable power generation, grid interaction of renewable energy systems and power quality improvement in distribution system.Email: [email protected]

Bhim Singh

Bhim Singh was born in Rahamapur, Bijnor (UP), India, in 1956. He received his BE (Electrical) from the University of Roorkee, India, in 1977 and his MTech (Power Apparatus & Systems) and PhD from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India, in 1979 and 1983, respectively. In 1983, he joined the Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Roorkee (Now IIT Roorkee), as a lecturer. He became a reader there in 1988. In December 1990, he joined the Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Delhi, India, as an assistant professor, where he has become an associate professor in 1994 and a professor in 1997. He has been ABB Chair Professor from September 2007 to September 2012. Since October 2012, he is CEA Chair Professor. He has been Head of the Department of Electrical Engineering at IIT Delhi from July 2014 to August 2016. Since, August 2016, he is the Dean, Academics at IIT Delhi. He is JC Bose Fellow of DST, Government of India since December 2015. Prof Singh has guided 74 PhD dissertations, 166 ME/MTech/MS(R) theses, and 60 BE/BTech projects. He has been filed 36 patents. He has executed more than 80 sponsored and consultancy projects. He has co-authored a text book on power quality: Power Quality Problems and Mitigation Techniques published by John Wiley & Sons, 2015. His areas of interest include solar PV grid interface systems, microgrids, power quality monitoring and mitigation, solar PV water pumping systems, improved power quality AC–DC converters, power electronics, electrical machines, drives, FACTS and high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems. Prof Singh is a Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering (FNAE), The Indian National Science Academy (FNA), The National Academy of Science, India (FNASc), The Indian Academy of Sciences, India (FASc), The World Academy of Sciences (FTWAS), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (FIEEE), the Institute of Engineering and Technology (FIET), Institution of Engineers (India) (FIE), and Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (FIETE) and a Life Member of the Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE), System Society of India (SSI), and National Institution of Quality and Reliability (NIQR). He has received Khosla Research Prize of University of Roorkee in the year 1991. He is a recipient of JC Bose and Bimal K Bose Awards of the Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE) for his contribution in the field of power electronics. He is also a recipient of Maharashtra State National Award of Indian Society for Technical Education (ISTE) in recognition of his outstanding research work in the area of power quality. He has received PES Delhi Chapter Outstanding Engineer Award for the year 2006. Professor Singh has received Khosla National Research Award of IIT Roorkee in the year 2013. He has also received Shri Om Prakash Bhasin Award 2014 in the field of Engineering including Energy & Aerospace. He has been the General Chair of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES’2006), General Co-Chair of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES’2010), General Co-Chair of the 2015 IEEE International Conference (INDICON’2015), General Co-Chair of 2016 IEEE International Conference (ICPS’2016) held in New Delhi.Email: [email protected]