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Abstract
The world energy system is slowly turning toward renewable energy resources. The concepts of distributed generation and microgrids are into implementation but still in the deliberation phase. The benefits of a small power system are its cost, easy installation, integration of renewable with non-renewable energy sources, and switching between on-grid/off-grid modes. Renewable energy-based microgrids have the main challenges of maintaining their frequency-voltage characteristics and the system becomes more complex when they are interconnected. These sources being intermittent in nature need to be supported by other resources like diesel/biogas-based system such that at time of small variation in load or natural sources (wind/solar), the power requirement is met through the support provided by diesel/biogas-based systems. Also, the controller should be fast enough to minimize the changes such that the system reaches a steady state. In this paper, renewable-based rural microgrids consisting of Wind, Solar, and Biogas are modeled and interconnected through the Low voltage DC line. Control approach has been developed in such a way that whenever there is a disturbance in the system due to an increase/decrease in load or input to the renewable energy sources the biogas-based system of individual microgrid increases/decreases its generation to support the system requirement. No extra power is drawn through the interconnecting network. Modeling of the system and its dynamic Study has been carried out in Matlab/Simulink.
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Notes on contributors
Vinit Kumar Singh
Vinit Kumar Singh is a graduate in electrical engineering in 1999 from MNIT, Allahabad, India and a postgraduate in process control engineering in 2003 from Delhi University, India. Presently, he is pursuing part time PhD (at Centre of Energy Studies) from Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India. He also has 16 years of experience in electrical power sector. His areas of interest is in dynamic stability study of power system, microgrid and reactive power control.
Ashu Verma
Ashu Verma received her BTech degree in electrical engineering from NIT Hamirpur in 2001, MTech in power systems from IIT, Delhi in 2002 and PhD in transmission expansion planning from electrical engineering department, IIT, Delhi in 2010. She is an associate professor at Centre of Energy Studies, IIT, Delhi. Her present research interests are power system planning, operation and control aspects of integrated renewable energy systems, policy and regulatory framework for enabling large scale integration of renewable energy sources in India. Email: [email protected]
T. S. Bhatti
T S Bhatti is professor emeritus in Centre for Energy studies, IIT Delhi. He did his PhD from IIT Delhi in 1985. He was a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Newcastle, Australia in 1987. He has published over 150 papers in national and international journals and conferences. He has edited a book entitled, “Small Hydro Power Systems”. He has done several sponsored and consultancy projects in the area of electric energy systems. His current areas of research include automatic generation control of power systems, transient stability analysis of multi-machine systems, load frequency and reactive power control of isolated hybrid power systems. Email: [email protected]