https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2898-9204
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Abstract
This work reports load-frequency-control (LFC) of a three-area hybrid power system incorporating renewables and electric-vehicles (EV). Such a power system with applicable non-linearities necessitates a resilient controller. In this respect, a multi-stage fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (MSFOPID) controller is explored for the LFC operation of the presented hybrid power system. For the proposed controller, there is a considerable improvement of 81.3% in terms of objective function (ISE value). Similarly, the foible evidence study shows an improvement of 39% with respect to other considered secondary controllers. The active role of EVs in preserving the system dynamics is inspected thoroughly. The impact of redox-flow batteries as an energy storage device and parametric variation of phase-locked-loop for system dynamic control are illustrated. Furthermore, the robustness of explored MSFOPID controller optimized gains is checked against alterations in power-system-loading and renewable energy sources, respectively.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
Zahid Farooq
Zahid Farooq received his BTech and MTech degrees in 2014 and 2016, respectively. He is presently pursuing his research (PhD) in the EE Department, NIT Srinagar, India. The current research interest includes power system control, soft computing techniques etc. He has recently published a few of his research works in SCIE journals. Email: [email protected]
Asadur Rahman
Asadur Rahman is presently working as an assistant professor at NIT Srinagar, J&K. He received PhD (2016) from NIT Silchar, India, with power & energy systems. He was the batch topper of MTech (2011) in power & energy systems specialization at NIT Silchar. He is an active member of many professional bodies such as IEEE, ISTE, I.E (I), SESI, and SCRS. His research interests include electrical power system control, power system optimization, smart-grid, micro-grid, integration of EVs, renewable energy systems, and soft computing techniques. He is a reviewer of many reputed journals, and his research articles are published in international journals of repute like IET-GTD, IET-RPG and Elsevier-RENE.
Shameem Ahmad Lone
Shameem Ahmad Lone received his bachelors (1989), masters (1998) and PhD (2007) degrees in stand-alone power systems using intelligent control of fast-acting energy storage devices. Presently, he is working as a professor in the EE Department, NIT Srinagar. His research interests are small/weak power systems in stand-alone mode and grid-connected mode, the role of energy storage devices in enhancing the dynamic performance of hybrid power systems. He has authored articles in international journals of repute. Email: [email protected]