Notes
1 Thomas Berry, The Sacred Universe: Earth, Spirituality, and Religion in the Twenty-First Century (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009), 133. See especially the chapter in this book titled “Alienation.”
2 Pope Francis, Laudato Si’: On Care for Our Common Home (Brooklyn, NY: Melville House, 2015), 13–16.
3 Carol J. Adams, “Feeding on Grace: Institutional Violence, Christianity, and Vegetarianism,” in Good News for Animals?: Christian Approaches to Animal Well-Being, eds. Charles Pinches and Jay B. McDaniel (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2008), 147–148. I adopt her practice of enclosing the word “meat” in quotation marks so as to call attention to this process of alienation.
4 Pope Francis, Laudato Si’, 136.
5 Gretel Van Wieren, Food, Farming, and Religion: Emerging Ethical Perspectives (New York: Routledge, 2018), 15. Restorative agriculture has been the subject of numerous recent films exploring sustainable and alternative methods for food production. See Damon Gameau, 2040, Good Thing Productions, documentary film, 2019; and Rebecca Harrell Tickell and Josh Tickell, Kiss the Ground, Benenson Productions, documentary film, 2020.
6 Van Wieren, 117.
7 Van Wieren, 118.
8 Sarah McFarland Taylor, Green Sisters: A Spiritual Ecology (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007).
9 Taylor, 231–259.
10 Lisa Graham McMinn, To the Table: A Spirituality of Food, Farming, and Community (Grand Rapids, MI: Brazos Press, 2016), 107.
11 Jennifer R. Ayres, Good Food: Grounded Practical Theology (Waco, TX: Baylor University Press, 2013), 79–97.
12 Norman Wirzba, Food and Faith: A Theology of Eating (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2019), 92.
13 Benjamin E. Zeller, “Quasi-Religious American Foodways: The Cases of Vegetarians and Locavorism,” in Religion, Food, and Eating in North America, eds. Benjamin E. Zeller, Marie W. Dallam, Reid Larkin Neilson, and Nora L. Rubel (New York: Columbia University Press, 2014), 294–309.
14 Diana Butler Bass, Grounded: Finding God in the World—A Spiritual Revolution (New York: HarperCollins, 2017), 224.
15 Bass, 225.
16 Robin Wall Kimmerer, Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants (Minneapolis, MN: Milkweed Editions, 2013), 29.
17 Rebecca James Hecking, The Sustainable Soul: Eco-Spiritual Reflections and Practices (Boston, MA: Skinner House Books, 2011), 132. My paraphrase.
18 L. Shannon Jung, Sharing Food: Christian Practices for Enjoyment (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2006), 145.
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Rachel Wheeler
Rachel Wheeler is assistant professor of theology and spirituality, University of Portland, Oregon, and secretary/treasurer of the Society for the Study of Christian Spirituality.