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Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing
Journal canadien de télédétection
Volume 48, 2022 - Issue 2
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Application of Sentinel-1 SAR Data for Detecting a Nuclear Test Location in North Korea

Application de données SAR de Sentinel-1 pour détecter un lieu d’essai nucléaire en Corée du Nord

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Pages 327-335 | Received 17 Jul 2021, Accepted 28 Dec 2021, Published online: 13 Jan 2022
 

Abstract

Sentinel-1 C-band radar data were applied for the first time to determine a nuclear test, its underground H-bomb explosion location and the affected zone in North Korea on September 3, 2017. The nuclear test location was found according to line-of-sight displacement images via its maximum value. In this research, three scenes of Sentinel-1B data acquired in descending orbits, one after and two before the event (the nuclear test date), were used to detect the nuclear test location. The nuclear test location was found northeast of the Punggye-ri nuclear test site (8 km) with the following geographic coordinates: 41°11′1.85″N, 129°13′28.86″E. It was revealed that only a pair of Sentinel-1В radar scenes from August 17 and September 10 have been successfully applied to detect nuclear test zones.

RÉSUMÉ

Les données radar en bande C de Sentinel-1 ont été utilisées pour la première fois pour localiser un essai nucléaire, l’emplacement souterrain de l'explosion de la bombe H et la zone touchée en Corée du Nord le 3 septembre 2017. L'emplacement de l'essai nucléaire a été trouvé à partir du déplacement en ligne de visée des images via la valeur maximale. Dans cette recherche, trois scènes de Sentinel-1B acquises en orbites descendantes, une après et deux avant l'événement (la date de l'essai nucléaire), ont été utilisées pour détecter l'emplacement de l'essai nucléaire. L'emplacement de l'essai nucléaire a été trouvé au nord-est du site d'essai nucléaire de Punggye-ri (8 km) avec les coordonnées géographiques suivantes: 41°11'1.85"N, 129°13'28.86"E. Il a été révélé que seule une paire de scènes radar de Sentinel-1В, les scènes du 17 août et du 10 septembre, a permis de détecter les zones d'essais nucléaires.

Acknowledgements

Special thanks, warmth and appreciation to the following individuals for help and assistance: my co-supervisor, Dr. Sabyrzhan Atanov from Eurasian National University, for his vital support and assistance; to Dr. Zeng Qiming from Peking University, for practical knowledge about radar image processing and understanding of matters of microwave remote sensing.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The research leading to these results has received funding from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan under grant agreement number [BR10865099].

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