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Epidemiology / Épidémiologie

Diversity and pathogenicity of anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia associated with brassicas in Brazil

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Pages 275-287 | Accepted 11 Dec 2023, Published online: 19 Jan 2024
 

Abstract

Seventy-eight Rhizoctonia isolates were obtained from brassicas in five Brazilian states between 2015 and 2017. The isolates were identified by phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and tested for pathogenicity and aggressiveness. Sixty-eight isolates were identified as R. solani and 10 isolates as binucleate Rhizoctonia. The most prevalent anastomosis group (AG) was AG-4 HG-I (83.3% of isolates), followed by AG-A (7.7%), AG-1 IB (2.6%), AG-G (2.6%), AG-R (2.6%) and AG-2-2 IIIB (1.3%). AG-4 HG-I isolates were widely distributed and recovered from all Brazilian states sampled, including 12 brassicas-growing fields. All isolates were pathogenic to broccoli, cauliflower and kale, causing necrotic lesions on subterraneous stems. There was no significant difference in aggressiveness among the different AGs in broccoli, but AG-1 IB isolates were more aggressive to cauliflower and AG-4 HG-I isolates were more aggressive to kale. This study is the first report of AG-4 HG-I, AG-2-2 IIIB, AG-A, AG-G and AG-R infecting brassica plants in Brazil. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed research of the AG composition of Rhizoctonia populations causing brassica diseases in Brazil.

Résumé

De 2015 à 2017, 78 isolats de Rhizoctonia ont été obtenus de crucifères provenant de 5 États brésiliens. Les isolats ont été identifiés par analyse phylogénétique de la région de l’espaceur transcrit interne (ITS) de l’ADNr et testés en fonction de la pathogénicité et de l’agressivité. Soixante-huit isolats ont été identifiés en tant que R. solani et 10 autres en tant que Rhizoctonia binucléé. La principale catégorie d’anastomoses (AG) était AG-4 HG-I (83,3% des isolats), suivie d’AG-A (7,7%), d’AG-1 IB (2,6%), d’AG-G (2,6%), d’AG-R (2,6%) et d’AG-2-2 IIIB (1,3%). Les isolats appartenant à AG-4 HG-I étaient largement répandus et ont été prélevés dans tous les États brésiliens échantillonnés, y compris dans 12 champs où l’on cultive des crucifères. Tous les isolats étaient virulents à l’égard du brocoli, du chou-fleur et du chou frisé, causant des lésions nécrotiques sur les tiges souterraines. Il n’y avait pas de différence marquée quant à l’agressivité des différents AG chez le brocoli, mais les isolats d’AG-1 IB étaient plus agressifs à l’égard du chou-fleur et les isolats d’AG-4 HG-I étaient plus agressifs à l’égard du chou frisé. Cette étude est la première relative à l’infection causée par AG-4 HG-I, AG-2-2 IIIB, AG-A, AG-G et AG-R chez les crucifères au Brésil. À notre connaissance, il s’agit de la première recherche approfondie sur la teneur en AG des populations de Rhizoctonia causant des maladies chez les crucifères au Brésil.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the CNPq – National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (fundings of two Doctoral students [14114/2017-7 and 141126/2018-3]) and three research fellowships (9314127/2020-8, 304819/2020-4 and 309290/2019-8), by the FUNCAP – Cearense Foundation for Supporting Scientific and Technological Development (funding of one research fellowship [BP5-00197-00185.01.00/22]) and by the CAPES – Higher Education Personnel Improvement Coordination (funding of one postdoctoral grant [BCT 0040-5.01/18]).

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