High-density 1,3,4-oxadiazole nitrate and its salts as new melt-casting explosive materials

ABSTRACT

Density is one of the important parameters of energetic materials. A class of high-density energetic materials was synthesized by a simple method, and all compounds were characterized by NMR, IR, and DSC, and the structures of some compounds were analyzed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. (5-nitroimino-4-hydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl nitrate (3) (NOMN) showed an outstanding density of 1.898 g/cm³ at 149 K. and the densities of the other compounds exceeded 1.76 g/cm³ at room temperature. Thermal analysis showed that (5-nitroimino-4-hydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl nitrate (3) and 4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium(5-nitroimino-4-hydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl) methyl nitrate (3 c) have suitable melting points (86.67°C and 85.65°C) for use as casting materials. The detonation velocity and detonation pressure were calculated by EXPLO5 (v6.01) software, and all compounds showed good explosive performance. The detonation velocity of compound 5-aminotetrazolium (5-nitroimino-4-hydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl nitrate (3e) exceeded that of RDX, but was slightly lower than that of HMX, reaching 9142 m/s. In summary, this series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-based energetic materials has enriched the family of molten cast carriers and provided new options for the preparation of molten cast explosives.

KEYWORDS:

• High-density
• 134-Oxadiazole
• cast explosive
• synthesis
• compatibility

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mr Chong Zhang (Nanjing University of Science and Technology) for using EXPLO5 (V.6.0.1) software to calculate the explosion performance, and also thank Dr Qi Sun (Beijing Institute of Technology) for his guidance on the calculation.

Supplementary material

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