Microbially-derived cocktail of carbohydrases as an anti-biofouling agents: a ‘green approach’

Abstract

Enzymes, also known as biocatalysts, display vital properties like high substrate specificity, an eco-friendly nature, low energy inputs, and cost-effectiveness. Among their numerous known applications, enzymes that can target biofilms or their components are increasingly being investigated for their anti-biofouling action, particularly in healthcare, food manufacturing units and environmental applications. Enzymes can target biofilms at different levels like during the attachment of microorganisms, formation of exopolymeric substances (EPS), and their disruption thereafter. In this regard, a consortium of carbohydrases that can target heterogeneous polysaccharides present in the EPS matrix may provide an effective alternative to conventional chemical anti-biofouling methods. Further, for complete annihilation of biofilms, enzymes can be used alone or in conjunction with other antimicrobial agents. Enzymes hold the promise to replace the conventional methods with greener, more economical, and more efficient alternatives. The present article explores the potential and future perspectives of using carbohydrases as effective anti-biofilm agents.

Keywords:

• Biofilm
• biofouling
• carbohydrase
• eco-friendly
• exopolymeric substance (EPS)
• hurdle technology

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, for their support in carrying out the work related to the field.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no potential conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, for their support in carrying out the work related to the field.