Design and optimization of a dual-band slotted microstrip patch antenna using Differential Evolution Algorithm with improved cross polarization characteristics for wireless applications

ABSTRACT

This work presents a rectangular microstrip-line-fed patch antenna for Long Term Evolution, Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems, Local Area Network, Bluetooth, Industrial, Scientific and Medical, Wireless Broadband, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, International Mobile Telecommunication, Radio Frequency Identification and Wireless Fidelity applications. The overall dimensions of antenna are 70 × 70 mm². The antenna consists of a slotted radiating patch and defected ground structure, which is used to achieve dual-band frequency characteristics with appreciable bandwidth satisfying several communication standards simultaneously. Differential Evolution (DE) Algorithm is enforced in this work for achieving the best antenna geometrical design parameters and to obtain the desired results. The proposed antenna covers dual-frequency bands viz. 2.34–2.68 and 5.28–6.32 GHz with their resonating frequencies at 2.53 and 5.77 GHz, respectively. Further, an improvement in cross polarization discrimination of 15.4 dB for E plane and 9 dB for H plane is observed using DE algorithm. The fabrication and measurement of proposed antenna was carried out to verify the simulation results in the succeeding sections.

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr Rajesh Khanna, Professor, Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India for his guidance and support during the entire research for accomplishing this work. We also thank Arianz India Pvt. Ltd, Mohali, Punjab, India for the smooth and timely fabrication of this antenna.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

J. Kaur

J. Kaur received her Bachelor of Technology and Master of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India in 2005 and 2009, respectively. She received her Ph.D. degree from Thapar University, Patiala, Punjab, India in 2014. Presently, she is working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology (T.I.E.T.), Patiala, Punjab, India. She has published several papers in various peer reviewed journals/conferences of national and international repute. Her research interests include the analysis and design of microstrip patch antennas for wireless communication, 5G MIMO antenna, CSRRs, flexible antennas and antennas for biomedical applications.

Nitika

Nitika received her Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Mohali, India in 2015 and Masters of Engineering in Wireless Communication from T.I.E.T., Patiala, Punjab, India in 2017. Presently, she is working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Aryans Group of Colleges, Nepra, Punjab, India. Her research interests emphasize on design and optimization of microstrip patch antennas using optimization algorithms such as Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm, Genetic algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm.

R. Panwar

Dr. R. Panwar is presently working as an Assistant Professor in Discipline of Electronics and Communication Engineering at Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India. He received Ph.D from IIT Roorkee with MHRD teaching assistantship, and subsequently joined KAIST, South Korea as a Postdoctoral Fellow with Brain Korea Research Fellowship. He was also associated with Opto-Electro-Structural Lab, KAIST, South Korea as a Visiting Professor. His major research interest includes microwave absorbers, metamaterials, frequency selective surfaces, microwave imaging, and microwave measurement techniques. Dr. Panwar has strong application oriented project engagements, having a great potential to be commercialized. He has authored more than 55 research papers published with IEEE, AIP, IOP, Elsevier, Springer, Taylor & Francis, etc. He has served as an invited speaker and session chair for a number of IEEE conferences/ workshops in India and abroad. He is a recipient of various reputed national and international awards/fellowships. He is also serving as an active technical reviewer of leading International publishers like IEEE, IET, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, Springer, and Elsevier, etc.